一、开发环境搭建

·安装mingw-w64编译器(GCC for Windows 64 & 32 bits)、Cmake工具(选装)

·VSCode插件安装

        ·C/C++

        ·cmake

        ·cmake tools

二、代码实践演练

·基于g++命令

        ·g++编译单文件，生成带调试信息的可执行文件、并调试

g++ -g main.cpp -o my_single_swap

        ·g++编译多文件，生成带调试信息的可执行文件、并调试

g++ -g main.cpp swap.cpp -o my_multi_swap

默认的tasks.json是编译单个文件的，不会去自动识别多个文件，我们必须手动去配置launch.json和tasks.json这两个文件。

·基于cmake

        ·编写最简单的CMakeLists.txt

project(MYSWAP)

add_ executable(my_cmake_swap，main.cpp swap.cpp)

        ·进行多文件编译，并调试

mkdir build

cd build

#如果电脑上已安装了VS，可能会调用微软MSVC编译器，使用(cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" ..) 代替(cmake ..)即可

#仅第一次使用cmake时使用(cmake -G "MinGw Makefiles" ..) 后面可使用(cmake ..)

cmake ..

mingw32 -make. exe

·配置json

        ·launch.json --- for debug

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "C/C++: g++.exe build and debug active file",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}/build/my_cmake_swap.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "E:\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                },
                {
                    "description": "Set Disassembly Flavor to Intel",
                    "text": "-gdb-set disassembly-flavor intel",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "Build"
        }
    ],
    "version": "2.0.0"
}

        ·tasks.json --- for build before debug

{   
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "options": {
        "cwd": "${fileDirname}/build"
    },
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "shell",
            "label": "cmake",
            "command": "cmake",
            "presentation": {
                "panel": "new"
            },
            "args": [
                ".."
            ],
        },
        {
            "label": "make",
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "command": "mingw32-make.exe",
            "args": [

            ],
        },
        {
            "label": "Build",
            "dependsOn":[
                "cmake",
                "make"
            ]
        },
    ],
}

如若遇到以下问题:

在setting.json中加入上述框框中的代码即可。

{
    "terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.windows": "Command Prompt",
    "files.autoSave": "onFocusChange",
    "workbench.iconTheme": "material-icon-theme",
    "workbench.colorTheme": "Material Theme Ocean",
    "workbench.editorAssociations": {
        "*.exe": "default"
    },
    "cmake.configureOnOpen": true,
    "cmake.options.advanced": {
        "build": {
            "statusBarVisibility": "inherit",
            "inheritDefault": "visible"
        },
        "launch": {
            "statusBarVisibility": "inherit",
            "inheritDefault": "visible"
        },
        "debug": {
            "statusBarVisibility": "inherit",
            "inheritDefault": "visible"
        }
    },
    "cmake.options.statusBarVisibility": "visible",
    "cmake.showOptionsMovedNotification": false
}