1.简介
有时候,windows上开发不满足项目需求,需要移植到linux上,不得不自行编译libvlc,编译libvlc相对而言稍微麻烦一点。
我使用的操作系统:Ubuntu20.04
查看系统命令lsb_release -a
libvlc版本: 3.0.18
下载地址:GitHub - videolan/vlc at 3.0.18
2.更换源
为了下载一些必要的组件,如果没有更换过源的,建议还是更新一下源。
先拷贝source.list
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
替换源,将source.list文件内所有内容删除替换成其他源
#kali官方源
deb http://http.kali.org/ moto main non-free contrib
deb-src http://http.kali.org/ moto main non-free contrib
deb http://security.kali.org/ moto/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.kali.org/ moto/updates main contrib non-free
#中科大kali源
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
#新加坡kali源
deb http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali/ kali main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali/ kali main non-free contrib
deb http://security.kali.org/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
deb http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
#阿里云kali源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
#163 Kali源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib
#auto
deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
#中科大
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
#浙大
deb http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
#东软大学
deb http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib
#重庆大学
deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
#官方源
#deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
导入公钥
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv 7D8D0BF6
更新源
sudo apt-get update
3.编译libVLC
在编译 libVLC 之前,你需要确保系统上安装了所有必需的构建工具和库依赖项。打开终端并运行以下命令:
sudo apt install build-essential git pkg-config libtool autoconf automake cmake
接下来,安装 libVLC 所需的依赖库:
sudo apt install libvlc-dev vlc-data libvlccore-dev vlc-bin libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
安装好了之后,解压源码压缩包,并进入源码目录。
执行命令:./bootstrap,报错如下,找不到gettext,解决方法:sudo apt-get install gettext。
执行命令:./bootstrap。报错如下,找不到flex,解决方法:sudo apt-get install flex
执行命令:./bootstrap。报错如下,找不到bison,解决方法:sudo apt-get install bison
好了,到现在为止,基本上是没有问题了,生成了可执行文件configure。
接下来需要生成Makefile。
执行./configure。
Lua报错:解决方法:
sudo apt install liblua5.4-dev
configure: error: Could not find lua. Lua is needed for some interfaces (rc, telnet, http) as well as many other custom scripts. Use --disable-lua to ignore this error.
liba52报错:解决方法:
这里我直接使用 ./configure --disable-a52
configure: error: Could not find liba52 on your system: you may get it from http://liba52.sf.net/. Alternatively you can use --disable-a52 to disable the a52 plugin.
xcb-composite报错:解决方法:
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xv0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-composite0-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-dri2-0-dev libxcb-xf86dri0-dev libxcb-xinerama0-dev libxcb-render-util0-dev
configure: error: Package 'xcb-composite', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Package 'xcb-randr', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Package 'xcb-render', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Package 'xcb-shm', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Package 'xcb-xkb', required by 'virtual:world', not found. Pass --disable-xcb to skip X11 support.
xcb-randr报错:解决方法:
sudo apt-get install libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-xkb-dev
configure: error: Package ‘xcb-randr’, required by ‘virtual:world’, not found. Package ‘xcb-xkb’, required by ‘virtual:world’, not found. Pass --disable-xcb to skip X11 support.
好了到目前为止,如果顺利的话,生成了Makefile。
在编译的时候会出现一个问题,就是没有.git目录,就给我停止掉了,这个时候
git clone https://github.com/videolan/vlc.git
这个里面有.git目录,将这个目录拷贝到上面的源码目录即可。
最后make -j8 && sudo make install
在/usr/local/lib下生成了库,头文件在/usr/local/include下。
4.配置编译环境
3rd放libVLC的库,showWidget是我的demo程序。
配置.pro文件。
#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2024-01-16T20:30:05
#
#-------------------------------------------------
QT += core gui
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
TARGET = showWidget
TEMPLATE = app
# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which as been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS
# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000 # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0
SOURCES += \
main.cpp \
showWidget.cpp
HEADERS += \
showWidget.h
FORMS += \
showWidget.ui
RESOURCES += \
showWidget.qrc
LIBPATH += ../3rd/lib
LIBS += -lvlccore \
-lvlc
INCLUDEPATH += ../3rd/include
源码示例:这里采用QLabel来显示视频。
ui界面:
#pragma once
#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>
#include "ui_showWidget.h"
#include <QMenu>
#include <QActionGroup>
#include <vlc/vlc.h>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QThread>
#include <QMouseEvent>
#include <QKeyEvent>
enum Rate
{
Rate2X,
Rate1_5X,
Rate1_25X,
Rate1_0X,
Rate0_75X,
Rate0_5X
};
class showWidget : public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
showWidget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~showWidget();
public:
void updatePic(const QImage &image);
private slots:
void slotOpenFile();
void slotPlay();
void slotPause();
void slotStop();
void slotValueChanged(int value);
void slotCurrentIndexChanged(int index);
private:
//事件处理回调
static void vlcEvents(const libvlc_event_t *ev, void *param);
private:
Ui::showWidgetClass ui;
private:
libvlc_instance_t *vlc_base = nullptr;
libvlc_media_t *vlc_media = nullptr;
libvlc_media_player_t *vlc_mediaPlayer = nullptr;
QList<float> m_lstRate;
QList<QString> m_lstAudioDevice;
};
#include "showWidget.h"
#include <QTimer>
#include <QTime>
#include <QMutex>
#include <stdlib.h>
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
static showWidget* m_this = nullptr;
struct Frame
{
int width;
int height;
uchar * pixels;
QMutex mutex;
};
static Frame *g_frame = nullptr;
// 自定义视频输出模块的回调函数
static void *lock(void *opaque, void **planes) {
g_frame->mutex.lock();
*planes = g_frame->pixels;
return 0;
}
//保存100~110帧
static void unlock(void *opaque, void *picture, void *const *planes) {
// 这里可以释放视频帧的锁
char *buffer = (char *)*planes; //planes即为帧数据
QImage image((unsigned char*)buffer, g_frame->width, g_frame->height, QImage::Format_ARGB32);
m_this->updatePic(image);
g_frame->mutex.unlock();
}
static void display(void *opaque, void *picture) {
// 这里可以进行视频帧的显示或其他处理
(void)opaque;
}
static unsigned setup(void **opaque, char *chroma,
unsigned *width, unsigned *height,
unsigned *pitches,
unsigned *lines)
{
qDebug() << "chroma:" << QString(chroma) << "width:" << *width << ", height:" << *height;
/* 开辟存放图像数据的内存块 */
if (g_frame)
{
if (g_frame->pixels)
{
delete[] g_frame->pixels;
g_frame->pixels = NULL;
}
delete g_frame;
g_frame = NULL;
}
int w = *width;
int h = *height;
g_frame = new Frame;
g_frame->pixels = new uchar[w * h * 4]; // 申请大小也为4通道的像素
memset(g_frame->pixels, 0, w * h * 4);
memcpy(chroma, "RV32", 4);
g_frame->width = w;
g_frame->height = h;
*pitches = w * 4;
*lines = h;
return 1;
}
showWidget::showWidget(QWidget *parent)
: QWidget(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
m_this = this;
this->setWindowTitle("视频播放器");
vlc_base = libvlc_new(0, NULL);
ui.cbxRate->setCurrentIndex(Rate1_0X);
m_lstRate << 2.0 << 1.5 << 1.25 << 1.0 << 0.75 << 0.5;
ui.btnOpen->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
ui.btnPlay->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
ui.btnPause->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
ui.btnStop->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
ui.hSliderVolumn->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
ui.cbxRate->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
connect(ui.btnOpen, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &showWidget::slotOpenFile);
connect(ui.btnPlay, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &showWidget::slotPlay);
connect(ui.btnPause, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &showWidget::slotPause);
connect(ui.btnStop, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &showWidget::slotStop);
connect(ui.hSliderVolumn, &QSlider::valueChanged, this, &showWidget::slotValueChanged);
connect(ui.cbxRate,SIGNAL(currentIndexChanged(int)), this, SLOT(slotCurrentIndexChanged(int)));
}
showWidget::~showWidget()
{
libvlc_release(vlc_base); //减少libvlc实例的引用计数,并销毁
}
void showWidget::updatePic(const QImage &image)
{
ui.lbImage->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image));
}
void showWidget::slotOpenFile()
{
/*选择文件*/
QString filename = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, "选择打开的文件", "D:/", tr("*.*"));
vlc_media = libvlc_media_new_path(vlc_base, filename.toUtf8().data());
if (!vlc_media) {
return;
}
// 创建libvlc实例和媒体播放器
vlc_mediaPlayer = libvlc_media_player_new_from_media(vlc_media);
if (!vlc_mediaPlayer) {
return;
}
libvlc_video_set_format_callbacks(vlc_mediaPlayer, setup, NULL);
// 设置自定义视频输出
libvlc_video_set_callbacks(vlc_mediaPlayer, lock, unlock, display, NULL);
// 等待元数据加载完成
libvlc_media_parse(vlc_media);
// 获取各种元数据
const char *title = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Title);
const char *artist = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Artist);
const char *album = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Album);
const char *url = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_URL);
const char *date = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Date);
const char *lang = libvlc_media_get_meta(vlc_media, libvlc_meta_Language);
int duration = libvlc_media_get_duration(vlc_media); // 获取时长(单位:毫秒)
qDebug("Title: %s", title ? title : "N/A");
qDebug("Artist: %s", artist ? artist : "N/A");
qDebug("Album: %s", album ? album : "N/A");
qDebug("Duration: %d ms", duration);
qDebug("url: %s", url ? url : "N/A");
qDebug("date: %s", date ? date : "N/A");
qDebug("lang: %s", lang ? lang : "N/A");
libvlc_media_track_t **tracks;
int track_count = libvlc_media_tracks_get(vlc_media,&tracks);
for (unsigned i = 0; i < track_count; i++)
{
libvlc_media_track_t* track = tracks[i];
// 显示轨道信息
printf("Track #%u: %s\n", i, track->psz_description);
// 这里可以获取到每一个轨道的信息,比如轨道类型 track->i_type
// 可能是 libvlc_track_video, libvlc_track_audio 或者 libvlc_track_text (字幕)
if (track->i_type == libvlc_track_video) {
// 处理视频轨道信息
qDebug("width = %d",track->video->i_width);
qDebug("height = %d", track->video->i_height);
qDebug("rate_num = %d", track->video->i_frame_rate_num);
qDebug("rate_den = %d", track->video->i_frame_rate_den);
}
else if (track->i_type == libvlc_track_audio) {
// 处理音频轨道信息
qDebug("channels = %d", track->audio->i_channels);
qDebug("rate = %d", track->audio->i_rate);
}
else if (track->i_type == libvlc_track_text) {
// 处理字幕轨道信息
}
}
//获取事件管理器
libvlc_event_manager_t *em = libvlc_media_player_event_manager(vlc_mediaPlayer);
// 注册事件监听器
libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerTimeChanged, vlcEvents, this);
libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerEndReached, vlcEvents, this);
libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerStopped, vlcEvents, this);
libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerPlaying, vlcEvents, this);
libvlc_event_attach(em, libvlc_MediaPlayerPaused, vlcEvents, this);
QTimer::singleShot(1000, this, &showWidget::slotPlay);
libvlc_video_filter_list_get(vlc_base);
}
void showWidget::slotPlay()
{
if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
{
libvlc_media_player_play(vlc_mediaPlayer);
}
}
void showWidget::slotPause()
{
if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
libvlc_media_player_pause(vlc_mediaPlayer);
}
void showWidget::slotStop()
{
if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
libvlc_media_player_stop(vlc_mediaPlayer);
}
void showWidget::slotValueChanged(int value)
{
if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
libvlc_audio_set_volume(vlc_mediaPlayer, value);
}
void showWidget::slotCurrentIndexChanged(int index)
{
if (vlc_mediaPlayer)
libvlc_media_player_set_rate(vlc_mediaPlayer, m_lstRate[index]);
}
//事件回调
void showWidget::vlcEvents(const libvlc_event_t *ev, void *param)
{
showWidget *w = (showWidget*)param;
//处理不同的事件
switch (ev->type) {
case libvlc_MediaPlayerTimeChanged:
{
//qDebug() << "VLC媒体播放器时间已更改";
qint64 len = libvlc_media_player_get_time(w->vlc_mediaPlayer);
libvlc_time_t lenSec = len / 1000;
libvlc_time_t totalLen = libvlc_media_player_get_length(w->vlc_mediaPlayer);
libvlc_time_t totalLenSec = totalLen / 1000;
int thh, tmm, tss;
thh = lenSec / 3600;
tmm = (lenSec % 3600) / 60;
tss = (lenSec % 60);
QTime time(thh, tmm, tss);
w->ui.lbCurTime->setText(time.toString("hh:mm:ss"));
thh = totalLenSec / 3600;
tmm = (totalLenSec % 3600) / 60;
tss = (totalLenSec % 60);
QTime TotalTime(thh, tmm, tss);
w->ui.lbTotalTime->setText(TotalTime.toString("hh:mm:ss"));
double pos = (double)lenSec / totalLenSec * 100;
w->ui.horizontalSlider->setValue(pos);
}
break;
case libvlc_MediaPlayerEndReached:
qDebug() << "VLC播放完毕.";
break;
case libvlc_MediaPlayerStopped:
qDebug() << "VLC停止播放";
break;
case libvlc_MediaPlayerPlaying:
qDebug() << "VLC开始播放";
break;
case libvlc_MediaPlayerPaused:
qDebug() << "VLC暂停播放";
break;
}
}
5.运行
VLC 和 libVLC 使用环境变量 VLC_PLUGIN_PATH来查找其插件。你可以在运行应用程序之前设置此环境变量,以指定插件目录的位置。
必须配置插件的环境变量,否则运行不了,插件在/usr/local/lib/vlc下。
export VLC_PLUGIN_PATH=/home/zz/plugins
运行效果:
6.更多参考
Qt+FFmpeg+opengl从零制作视频播放器-1.项目介绍_qt opengl视频播放器-CSDN博客
libVLC 提取视频帧使用OpenGL渲染-CSDN博客
QT UDP通信(单播、广播、组播)-CSDN博客
QCharts -1.概述-CSDN博客
libVLC 视频界面分割-CSDN博客