【前端Vue】Vue3+Pinia小兔鲜电商项目第4篇：静态结构搭建和路由配置,1. 准备分类组件【附代码文档】

Vue3+ElementPlus+Pinia开发小兔鲜电商项目完整教程（附代码资料）主要内容讲述：认识Vue3，使用create-vue搭建Vue3项目1. Vue3组合式API体验,2. Vue3更多的优势,1. 认识create-vue,2. 使用create-vue创建项目,1. setup选项的写法和执行时机,2. setup中写代码的特点。什么是pinia，创建空Vue项目并安装Pinia1. 安装elementPlus和自动导入插件,2. 配置自动按需导入,3. 测试组件,1. 安装sass,2. 准备定制化的样式文件,3. 自动导入配置。静态结构搭建和分类实现，banner轮播图实现1. 整体结构创建,2. 分类实现,1. 熟悉组件,2. 获取数据渲染组件,1. 纯静态结构,2. 完整代码。静态结构搭建和路由配置，面包屑导航渲染1. 准备分类组件,2. 配置路由,3. 配置导航区域链接,1. 认识组件准备模版,2. 封装接口,3. 渲染面包屑导航。整体认识和路由配置，渲染基础数据1. 准备组件模版,2. 配置路由,3. 绑定模版测试跳转,1. 封装接口,2. 获取数据渲染模版,1. 渲染基础热榜数据。整体认识和路由配置，表单校验实现1. 准备模版,2. 配置路由跳转,1. 校验要求,2. 代码实现。本地购物车，接口购物车1. 添加购物车,2. 头部购物车,3. 列表购物车-基础内容渲染,4. 列表购物车-单选功能实现,5. 列表购物车-全选功能实现,6. 列表购物车-统计数据功能实现。路由配置和基础数据渲染，切换地址-打开弹框交互1. 准备组件模版,2. 配置路由,3. 封装接口,4. 渲染数据,1. 准备弹框模版,2. 控制弹框打开。![image.png](，基础数据渲染1. 准备接口,2. 获取数据渲染内容,1. 支付携带参数,2. 沙箱账号信息,1. 准备模版,2. 绑定路由。Sku组件封装1. 准备模版渲染规格数据,2. 选中和取消选中实现,3. 规格禁用功能实现,4. 产出Prop数据。

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全套教程部分目录：

部分文件图片：

静态结构搭建和路由配置

1. 准备分类组件

<script setup>

</script>

<template>
  <div class='top-category'>
    我是分类
  </div>
</template>

2. 配置路由

import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory } from 'vue-router'
import Layout from '@/views/Layout/index.vue'
import Home from '@/views/Home/index.vue'
import Category from '@/views/Category/index.vue'
const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/',
      name: 'layout',
      component: Layout,
      children: [
        {
          path: '',
          name: 'home',
          component: Home
        },
        {
          path: 'category/:id',
          name: 'category',
          component: Category
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      path: '/login',
      name: 'login',
      component: Login
    },

  ]
})

export default router

3. 配置导航区域链接

<li v-for="item in categoryStore.categoryList" :key="item.id">
  <RouterLink active-class="active" :to="`/category/${item.id}`">
    {{ item.name }}
  </RouterLink>
</li>

面包屑导航渲染

1. 认识组件准备模版

<script setup>

</script>

<template>
  <div class="top-category">
    <div class="container m-top-20">
      <!-- 面包屑 -->
      <div class="bread-container">
        <el-breadcrumb separator=">">
          <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
          <el-breadcrumb-item>居家</el-breadcrumb-item>
        </el-breadcrumb>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>


<style scoped lang="scss">
.top-category {
  h3 {
    font-size: 28px;
    color: #666;
    font-weight: normal;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 100px;
  }

  .sub-list {
    margin-top: 20px;
    background-color: #fff;

    ul {
      display: flex;
      padding: 0 32px;
      flex-wrap: wrap;

      li {
        width: 168px;
        height: 160px;


        a {
          text-align: center;
          display: block;
          font-size: 16px;

          img {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
          }

          p {
            line-height: 40px;
          }

          &:hover {
            color: $xtxColor;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }

  .ref-goods {
    background-color: #fff;
    margin-top: 20px;
    position: relative;

    .head {
      .xtx-more {
        position: absolute;
        top: 20px;
        right: 20px;
      }

      .tag {
        text-align: center;
        color: #999;
        font-size: 20px;
        position: relative;
        top: -20px;
      }
    }

    .body {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-around;
      padding: 0 40px 30px;
    }
  }

  .bread-container {
    padding: 25px 0;
  }
}
</style>

2. 封装接口

import request from '@/utils/request'

/**
 * @description: 获取分类数据
 * @param {*} id 分类id 
 * @return {*}
 */
export const getTopCategoryAPI = (id) => {
  return request({
    url:'/category',
    params:{
      id
    }
  })
}

3. 渲染面包屑导航

<script setup>
  import { findTopCategoryAPI } from '@/apis/category'
  const categoryData = ref({})
  const route = useRoute()
  const getCategory = async (id) => {
    // 如何在setup中获取路由参数 useRoute() -> route 等价于this.$route
    const res = await findTopCategoryAPI(id)
    categoryData.value = res.result
  }
  getCategory(route.params.id)
</script>


<template>
  <div class="bread-container">
    <el-breadcrumb separator=">">
      <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
      <el-breadcrumb-item>{{ categoryData.name }}</el-breadcrumb-item>
    </el-breadcrumb>
  </div>
</template>

1. 适配接口

export function getBannerAPI (params = {}) {
  // 默认为1 商品为2
  const { distributionSite = '1' } = params
  return httpInstance({
    url: '/home/banner',
    params: {
      distributionSite
    }
  })
}

<script setup>
// 部分代码省略
import { getBannerAPI } from '@/apis/home'

// 获取banner
const bannerList = ref([])

const getBanner = async () => {
  const res = await getBannerAPI({
    distributionSite: '2'
  })
  console.log(res)
  bannerList.value = res.result
}

onMounted(() => getBanner())

</script>

<template>
  <div class="top-category">
    <div class="container m-top-20">
      <!-- 面包屑 -->
      <div class="bread-container">
        <el-breadcrumb separator=">">
          <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
          <el-breadcrumb-item>{{ categoryData.name }}</el-breadcrumb-item>
        </el-breadcrumb>
      </div>
      <!-- 轮播图 -->
      <div class="home-banner">
        <el-carousel height="500px">
          <el-carousel-item v-for="item in bannerList" :key="item.id">
            <img :src="item.imgUrl" alt="">
          </el-carousel-item>
        </el-carousel>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>


<style scoped lang="scss">
// 部分代码省略
.home-banner {
  width: 1240px;
  height: 500px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 500px;
  }
}
</style>

导航激活设置分类列表渲染

1. 导航激活状态设置

<RouterLink active-class="active" :to="`/category/${item.id}`">{{ item.name }}</RouterLink>

2. 分类数据模版

<div class="sub-list">
  <h3>全部分类</h3>
  <ul>
    <li v-for="i in categoryData.children" :key="i.id">
      <RouterLink to="/">
        <img :src="i.picture" />
        <p>{{ i.name }}</p>
      </RouterLink>
    </li>
  </ul>
</div>
<div class="ref-goods" v-for="item in categoryData.children" :key="item.id">
  <div class="head">
    <h3>- {{ item.name }}-</h3>
  </div>
  <div class="body">
    <GoodsItem v-for="good in item.goods" :goods="good" :key="good.id" />
  </div>
</div>

路由缓存问题解决

缓存问题：当路由path一样，参数不同的时候会选择直接复用路由对应的组件解决方案： 1. 给 routerv-view 添加key属性，破坏缓存 2. 使用 onBeforeRouteUpdate钩子函数，做精确更新

基于业务逻辑的函数拆分

基本思想：把组件内独立的业务逻辑通过 useXXX 函数做封装处理，在组件中做组合使用

![image.png](

// 封装分类数据业务相关代码
import { onMounted, ref } from 'vue'
import { getCategoryAPI } from '@/apis/category'
import { useRoute } from 'vue-router'
import { onBeforeRouteUpdate } from 'vue-router'

export function useCategory () {
  // 获取分类数据
  const categoryData = ref({})
  const route = useRoute()
  const getCategory = async (id = route.params.id) => {
    const res = await getCategoryAPI(id)
    categoryData.value = res.result
  }
  onMounted(() => getCategory())

  // 目标:路由参数变化的时候 可以把分类数据接口重新发送
  onBeforeRouteUpdate((to) => {
    // 存在问题：使用最新的路由参数请求最新的分类数据
    getCategory(to.params.id)
  })
  return {
    categoryData
  }
}

// 封装banner轮播图相关的业务代码
import { ref, onMounted } from 'vue'
import { getBannerAPI } from '@/apis/home'

export function useBanner () {
  const bannerList = ref([])

  const getBanner = async () => {
    const res = await getBannerAPI({
      distributionSite: '2'
    })
    console.log(res)
    bannerList.value = res.result
  }

  onMounted(() => getBanner())

  return {
    bannerList
  }
}

<script setup>

import GoodsItem from '../Home/components/GoodsItem.vue'
import { useBanner } from './composables/useBanner'
import { useCategory } from './composables/useCategory'
const { bannerList } = useBanner()
const { categoryData } = useCategory()

</script>

本资源由收集整理

整体业务认识和路由配置

1. 准备组件模版

<script setup>


</script>

<template>
  <div class="container ">
    <!-- 面包屑 -->
    <div class="bread-container">
      <el-breadcrumb separator=">">
        <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
        <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">居家
        </el-breadcrumb-item>
        <el-breadcrumb-item>居家生活用品</el-breadcrumb-item>
      </el-breadcrumb>
    </div>
    <div class="sub-container">
      <el-tabs>
        <el-tab-pane label="最新商品" name="publishTime"></el-tab-pane>
        <el-tab-pane label="最高人气" name="orderNum"></el-tab-pane>
        <el-tab-pane label="评论最多" name="evaluateNum"></el-tab-pane>
      </el-tabs>
      <div class="body">
         <!-- 商品列表-->
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

</template>



<style lang="scss" scoped>
.bread-container {
  padding: 25px 0;
  color: #666;
}

.sub-container {
  padding: 20px 10px;
  background-color: #fff;

  .body {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    padding: 0 10px;
  }

  .goods-item {
    display: block;
    width: 220px;
    margin-right: 20px;
    padding: 20px 30px;
    text-align: center;

    img {
      width: 160px;
      height: 160px;
    }

    p {
      padding-top: 10px;
    }

    .name {
      font-size: 16px;
    }

    .desc {
      color: #999;
      height: 29px;
    }

    .price {
      color: $priceColor;
      font-size: 20px;
    }
  }

  .pagination-container {
    margin-top: 20px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
  }


}
</style>

2. 配置路由关系

import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory } from 'vue-router'
import Layout from '@/views/Layout/index.vue'
import Home from '@/views/Home/index.vue'
import Category from '@/views/Category/index.vue'
import SubCategory from '@/views/SubCategory/index.vue'
const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(import.meta.env.BASE_URL),
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/',
      name: 'layout',
      component: Layout,
      children: [
        {
          path: '',
          name: 'home',
          component: Home
        },
        {
          path: 'category/:id',
          name: 'category',
          component: Category
        },
        {
          path: 'category/sub/:id',
          name: 'subCategory',
          component: SubCategory
        },
      ]
    },
    {
      path: '/login',
      name: 'login',
      component: Login
    },

  ]
})

export default router

3. 跳转配置

<div class="sub-list">
  <h3>全部分类</h3>
  <ul>
    <li v-for="i in categoryData.children" :key="i.id">
      <RouterLink :to="`/category/sub/${i.id}`">
        <img :src="i.picture" />
        <p>{{ i.name }}</p>
      </RouterLink>
    </li>
  </ul>
</div>

面包屑导航实现

1. 准备接口

/**
 * @description: 获取二级分类列表数据
 * @param {*} id 分类id 
 * @return {*}
 */

export const getCategoryFilterAPI = (id) => {
  return request({
    url:'/category/sub/filter',
    params:{
      id
    }
  })
}

2. 获取数据渲染模版

<script setup>
import { getCategoryFilterAPI } from '@/apis/category'
// 获取面包屑导航数据
const filterData = ref({})
const getFilterData = async () => {
  const res = await getCategoryFilterAPI(route.params.id)
  filterData.value = res.result
}
getFilterData()
</script>

<template>
  <div class="bread-container">
    <el-breadcrumb separator=">">
      <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
      <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: `/category/${filterData.parentId}` }">{{ filterData.parentName }}
      </el-breadcrumb-item>
      <el-breadcrumb-item>{{ filterData.name }}</el-breadcrumb-item>
    </el-breadcrumb>
  </div>
</template>

分类基础列表实现

1. 准备接口

/**
 * @description: 获取导航数据
 * @data { 
     categoryId: 1005000 ,
     page: 1,
     pageSize: 20,
     sortField: 'publishTime' | 'orderNum' | 'evaluateNum'
   } 
 * @return {*}
 */
export const getSubCategoryAPI = (data) => {
  return request({
    url:'/category/goods/temporary',
    method:'POST',
    data
  })
}

2. 获取数据列表

<script setup>

// 获取基础列表数据渲染
const goodList = ref([])
const reqData = ref({
  categoryId: route.params.id,
  page: 1,
  pageSize: 20,
  sortField: 'publishTime'
})

const getGoodList = async () => {
  const res = await getSubCategoryAPI(reqData.value)
  console.log(res)
  goodList.value = res.result.items
}

onMounted(() => getGoodList())

</script>

列表筛选实现

思路：tab组件切换时修改reqData中的sortField字段，重新拉取接口列表

<script setup>
// tab切换回调
const tabChange = () => {
  console.log('tab切换了', reqData.value.sortField)
  reqData.value.page = 1
  getGoodList()
}
</script>

<template>
  <el-tabs v-model="reqData.sortField" @tab-change="tabChange">
    <el-tab-pane label="最新商品" name="publishTime"></el-tab-pane>
    <el-tab-pane label="最高人气" name="orderNum"></el-tab-pane>
    <el-tab-pane label="评论最多" name="evaluateNum"></el-tab-pane>
  </el-tabs>
</template>

无限加载实现

基础思路 1. 触底条件满足之后 page++，拉取下一页数据 2. 新老数据做数组拼接 3. 判断是否已经全部加载完毕，停止监听

// 加载更多
const disabled = ref(false)
const load = async () => {
  console.log('加载更多数据咯')
  // 获取下一页的数据
  reqData.value.page++
  const res = await getSubCategoryAPI(reqData.value)
  goodList.value = [...goodList.value, ...res.result.items]
  // 加载完毕 停止监听
  if (res.result.items.length === 0) {
    disabled.value = true
  }
}