图解：

前端设计：

前端设计一个link文字连接或者按钮（ElementUI）Element - The world's most popular Vue UI framework

前端请求设计：

import request from '@/utils/request'
//下载示例模型定义语言的JSON
export const publishExportTemplateFile = (res, name, type = false) => {
  let url;
  if (type) {
    url = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([res], {type: 'application/json5'}));//application后短语相应类型，// Important blob类型接收
  } else {
    url = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([res]));
  }
  // const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([res]));
  const link = document.createElement('a');
  link.style.display = 'none';
  link.href = url;
  link.setAttribute('download', name);
  document.body.appendChild(link);
  link.click();
  document.body.removeChild(link);
}

export function downloadFile(filePath) {
  return request({
    url: '/configuration/download',
    method: 'get',
    params: { fileName: filePath, delete: false },
    responseType: 'blob' // 设置响应类型为 blob
  })
}

其中 publishExportTemplateFile 函数用于处理文件下载的前端逻辑，而 downloadFile 函数用于发起后端请求获取文件。

前端Vue组件

<template>
      <el-link type="primary" @click="download(filename)">下载示例配置文件</el-link>
</template>

<script>
import {downloadFile,publishExportTemplateFile } from "@/api/register/register";
export default {
  data() {
      return {
           filename:"template.json5"
      }
    },
methods(){
    download(filename){
      downloadFile(filename).then(response => {
        publishExportTemplateFile(response, filename);
      }).catch(error => {
        console.error('Download file failed:', error);
      });
    },
}
};
</script>

<style>

</style>

后端Controller：

@GetMapping("/download")
public void fileDownload(String fileName, Boolean delete, HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) {
    try {
        if (!FileUtils.checkAllowDownload(fileName)) {
            throw new Exception(StringUtils.format("文件名称({})非法，不允许下载。 " , fileName));
        }
        String realFileName = System.currentTimeMillis() + fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf("_") + 1);
        System.out.println("realFileName = " + realFileName);
        String filePath = RuoYiConfig.getDownloadPath() + fileName; //注意这里的路径要和你下载的路径对应
        response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_VALUE);
        FileUtils.setAttachmentResponseHeader(response, realFileName);
        FileUtils.writeBytes(filePath, response.getOutputStream());
        if (delete) {
            FileUtils.deleteFile(filePath);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        log.error("下载文件失败", e);
    }
}

后端Utils:

//从全局配置文件获取下载文件所在目录（src/main/java/com/ruoyi/common/config/RuoYiConfig.java）

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ruoyi")
public class RuoYiConfig{
        public static String getProfile()
        {
            return profile;
        }

        public void setProfile(String profile)
        {
            RuoYiConfig.profile = profile;
        }
/**
 * 获取下载路径
 */
        public static String getDownloadPath()
        {
            return getProfile() + "/download/";
        }
        /** 上传路径 */
        private static String profile

//文件相关操作
public class FileUtils extends FileUtil {

    /**
     * 下载文件名重新编码
     *
     * @param response     响应对象
     * @param realFileName 真实文件名
     */
    public static void setAttachmentResponseHeader(HttpServletResponse response, String realFileName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        String percentEncodedFileName = percentEncode(realFileName);

        StringBuilder contentDispositionValue = new StringBuilder();
        contentDispositionValue.append("attachment; filename=")
            .append(percentEncodedFileName)
            .append(";")
            .append("filename*=")
            .append("utf-8''")
            .append(percentEncodedFileName);

        response.addHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Content-Disposition,download-filename");
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition", contentDispositionValue.toString());
        response.setHeader("download-filename", percentEncodedFileName);
    }

public static void writeBytes(String filePath, OutputStream os) throws IOException
{
    FileInputStream fis = null;
    try
    {
        File file = new File(filePath);
        if (!file.exists())
        {
            throw new FileNotFoundException(filePath);
        }
        fis = new FileInputStream(file);
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        int length;
        while ((length = fis.read(b)) > 0)
        {
            os.write(b, 0, length);
        }
    }
    catch (IOException e)
    {
        throw e;
    }
    finally
    {
        IOUtils.close(os);
        IOUtils.close(fis);
    }
}