蓝桥杯单片机---第十二届省赛题目解析

文章目录

比赛题目
一、代码相关定义、声明
- 1.头文件声明
- 2.变量声明
二、主要函数
- 1.main函数
- 2.按键扫描
- 3.数码管显示
- 4.电压模式1、2输出 & LED显示
- 5.定时器中断
- 6.消除85°C显示
三、次要函数
- 1.初始化函数Init
- 2.按键函数Key
- 3.LED函数Led
- 4.数码管函数Seg
- 5.iic函数中
- 6.onewire函数中

比赛题目

在这里插入图片描述

一、代码相关定义、声明

1.头文件声明

/* 头文件声明区 */
#include <STC15F2K60S2.H>//单片机寄存器专用头文件
#include <Init.h>//初始化底层驱动专用头文件
#include <Led.h>//Led底层驱动专用头文件
#include <Key.h>//按键底层驱动专用头文件
#include <Seg.h>//数码管底层驱动专用头文件
#include "onewire.h"
#include "iic.h"

2.变量声明

/* 变量声明区 */
unsigned char Key_Val,Key_Down,Key_Old,Key_Up;//按键专用变量
unsigned char Key_Slow_Down;//按键减速专用变量
unsigned char Seg_Buf[8] = {10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10};//数码管显示数据存放数组
unsigned char Seg_Point[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};//数码管小数点数据存放数组
unsigned char Seg_Pos;//数码管扫描专用变量
unsigned int Seg_Slow_Down;//数码管减速专用变量
unsigned char ucLed[8] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};//Led显示数据存放数组
unsigned char Seg_Disp_Mode;//数码管显示变量 0-温度显示 1-参数设置 2-DA输出
float Temperature;//实时温度变量
unsigned char Seg_temp_Disp = 25;//显示参数
unsigned char Seg_temp_contorl = 25;//参数控制
float Volat;//AD
bit Out_Put;//AD模式转换变量

二、主要函数

1.main函数

/* Main */
void main()
{
	rd_temperature();
	Delay750ms();
	System_Init();
	Timer0Init();
	while (1)
	{
		Key_Proc();
		Seg_Proc();
		Led_Proc();
	}
}

2.按键扫描

/* 键盘处理函数 */
void Key_Proc()
{
	if(Key_Slow_Down) return;
	Key_Slow_Down = 1;//键盘减速程序

	Key_Val = Key_Read();//实时读取键码值
	Key_Down = Key_Val & (Key_Old ^ Key_Val);//捕捉按键下降沿
	Key_Up = ~Key_Val & (Key_Old ^ Key_Val);//捕捉按键上降沿
	Key_Old = Key_Val;//辅助扫描变量
	
	switch(Key_Down)
	{
		case 4:
			if(++Seg_Disp_Mode == 3) Seg_Disp_Mode = 0;
			if(Seg_Disp_Mode == 1) Seg_temp_Disp = Seg_temp_contorl;
			if(Seg_Disp_Mode == 2) Seg_temp_contorl = Seg_temp_Disp;
		break;
		case 8:
			if(Seg_Disp_Mode == 1)
			{
				if(--Seg_temp_Disp == 255) Seg_temp_Disp = 0;
			}
		break;
		case 9:
			if(Seg_Disp_Mode == 1)
			{
				if(++Seg_temp_Disp == 100) Seg_temp_Disp = 99;
			}
		break;
		case 5:
			Out_Put ^= 1;
		break;
	}
}

3.数码管显示

/* 信息处理函数 */
void Seg_Proc()
{
	if(Seg_Slow_Down) return;
	Seg_Slow_Down = 1;//数码管减速程序
	
	//信息获取区域
	Temperature = rd_temperature();//实时读取温度值
	Volat = Ad_Read();
	
	switch(Seg_Disp_Mode)
	{
		case 0://温度显示界面
			Seg_Buf[0] = 11;//C
			Seg_Buf[4] = (unsigned char)Temperature / 10 % 10;
			Seg_Buf[5] = (unsigned char)Temperature % 10;
			Seg_Buf[6] = (unsigned int)(Temperature * 100) / 10 % 10;
			Seg_Buf[7] = (unsigned int)(Temperature * 100)% 10;
			Seg_Point[5] = 1;
		break;
		case 1:
			Seg_Buf[0] = 12;//P
			Seg_Buf[4] = 10;
			Seg_Buf[5] = 10;
			Seg_Buf[6] = Seg_temp_Disp / 10 % 10;
			Seg_Buf[7] = Seg_temp_Disp % 10;
			Seg_Point[5] = 0;
		break;
		case 2:
			Seg_Buf[0] = 13;//P
			Seg_Buf[5] = (unsigned char)Volat;
			Seg_Buf[6] = (unsigned int)(Volat * 100) / 10 % 10;
			Seg_Buf[7] = (unsigned int)(Volat * 100) % 10;
			Seg_Point[5] = 1;
		break;
	}
}

4.电压模式1、2输出 & LED显示

/* 其他显示函数 */
void Led_Proc()
{
	unsigned char i = 0;
	if(Out_Put == 0)
	{
		if(Temperature < Seg_temp_Disp)
			Volat = 0;
		else Volat = 5;
	}
	else
	{
		if(Temperature < 20)
			Volat = 1;
		else if(Temperature > 40)
			Volat = 4;
		else Volat = 0.15 * (Temperature - 20) + 1;
	}
	Da_Write(Volat * 51);
	
	ucLed[0] = !Out_Put;
	for(i = 0 ; i < 3 ; ++ i)
		ucLed[i + 1] = (i == Seg_Disp_Mode);
}

5.定时器中断

/* 定时器0中断初始化函数 */
void Timer0Init(void)		//1毫秒@12.000MHz
{
	AUXR &= 0x7F;		//定时器时钟12T模式
	TMOD &= 0xF0;		//设置定时器模式
	TL0 = 0x18;		//设置定时初始值
	TH0 = 0xFC;		//设置定时初始值
	TF0 = 0;		//清除TF0标志
	TR0 = 1;		//定时器0开始计时
	ET0 = 1;    //定时器中断0打开
	EA = 1;     //总中断打开
}

/* 定时器0中断服务函数 */
void Timer0Server() interrupt 1
{  
	if(++Key_Slow_Down == 10) Key_Slow_Down = 0;//键盘减速专用
	if(++Seg_Slow_Down == 500) Seg_Slow_Down = 0;//数码管减速专用
	if(++Seg_Pos == 8) Seg_Pos = 0;//数码管显示专用
	Seg_Disp(Seg_Pos,Seg_Buf[Seg_Pos],Seg_Point[Seg_Pos]);
	Led_Disp(Seg_Pos,ucLed[Seg_Pos]);
}

6.消除85°C显示

void Delay750ms(void)	//@12.000MHz
{
	unsigned char data i, j, k;
	i = 35;
	j = 51;
	k = 182;
	do
	{
		do
		{
			while (--k);
		} while (--j);
	} while (--i);
}

三、次要函数

1.初始化函数Init

在Init.c文件当中

#include <Init.h>

void System_Init()
{
	P0 = 0xff;
	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0x80;
	P2 &= 0x1f;
	
	P0 = 0x00;
	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xa0;
	P2 &= 0x1f;
}

在Init.h文件当中

#include <STC15F2K60S2.H>
void System_Init();

2.按键函数Key

在Key.c文件当中

#include <Key.h>

unsigned char Key_Read()
{
	unsigned char temp = 0;
	P44 = 0;P42 = 1;P35 = 1;P34 = 1;
	if(P33 == 0) temp = 4;
	if(P32 == 0) temp = 5;
	if(P31 == 0) temp = 6;
	if(P30 == 0) temp = 7;
	P44 = 1;P42 = 0;P35 = 1;P34 = 1;
	if(P33 == 0) temp = 8;
	if(P32 == 0) temp = 9;
	if(P31 == 0) temp = 10;
	if(P30 == 0) temp = 11;
	P44 = 1;P42 = 1;P35 = 0;P34 = 1;
	if(P33 == 0) temp = 12;
	if(P32 == 0) temp = 13;
	if(P31 == 0) temp = 14;
	if(P30 == 0) temp = 15;
	P44 = 1;P42 = 1;P35 = 1;P34 = 0;
	if(P33 == 0) temp = 16;
	if(P32 == 0) temp = 17;
	if(P31 == 0) temp = 18;
	if(P30 == 0) temp = 19;
	return temp;
}
/*
unsigned char Key_Read()
{
	unsigned char temp = 0;
	if(P33 == 0) temp = 4;
	if(P32 == 0) temp = 5;
	if(P31 == 0) temp = 6;
	if(P30 == 0) temp = 7;
	return temp;
}
*/

在Key.h文件当中

#include <STC15F2K60S2.H>
unsigned char Key_Read();

3.LED函数Led

#include <Led.h>

void Led_Disp(unsigned char addr,enable)
{
	static unsigned char temp = 0x00;
	static unsigned char temp_old = 0xff;
	if(enable)
		temp |= 0x01 << addr;
	else
		temp &= ~(0x01 << addr);
	if(temp != temp_old)
	{
		P0 = ~temp;
		P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0x80;
		P2 &= 0x1f;
		temp_old = temp;
	}
}

void Beep(unsigned char flag)
{
	static unsigned char temp = 0x00;
	static unsigned char temp_old = 0xff;
	if(flag)
		temp |= 0x40;
	else
		temp &= ~0x40;
	if(temp != temp_old)
	{
		P0 = temp;
		P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xa0;
		P2 &= 0x1f;
		temp_old = temp;		
	}
}

void Relay(unsigned char flag)
{
	static unsigned char temp = 0x00;
	static unsigned char temp_old = 0xff;
	if(flag)
		temp |= 0x10;
	else
		temp &= ~0x10;
	if(temp != temp_old)
	{
		P0 = temp;
		P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xa0;
		P2 &= 0x1f;
		temp_old = temp;		
	}	
}

4.数码管函数Seg

#include <Seg.h>

unsigned char seg_dula[] = {0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xff,0xc6,0x8c,0x88};
unsigned char seg_wela[] = {0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80};

void Seg_Disp(unsigned char wela,dula,point)
{
	P0 = 0xff;
	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xe0;
	P2 &= 0x1f;

	P0 = seg_wela[wela];
	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xc0;
	P2 &= 0x1f;
	
	P0 = seg_dula[dula];
	if(point)
		P0 &= 0x7f;
	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xe0;
	P2 &= 0x1f;	
}

5.iic函数中

/*	#   I2C代码片段说明
	1. 	本文件夹中提供的驱动代码供参赛选手完成程序设计参考。
	2. 	参赛选手可以自行编写相关代码或以该代码为基础，根据所选单片机类型、运行速度和试题
		中对单片机时钟频率的要求，进行代码调试和修改。
*/
#include "iic.h"

#define DELAY_TIME	5

//
static void I2C_Delay(unsigned char n)
{
    do
    {
        _nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
        _nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
        _nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();		
    }
    while(n--);      	
}

//
void I2CStart(void)
{
    sda = 1;
    scl = 1;
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    sda = 0;
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    scl = 0;    
}

//
void I2CStop(void)
{
    sda = 0;
    scl = 1;
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    sda = 1;
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
}

//
void I2CSendByte(unsigned char byt)
{
    unsigned char i;
	
    for(i=0; i<8; i++){
        scl = 0;
		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        if(byt & 0x80){
            sda = 1;
        }
        else{
            sda = 0;
        }
		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        scl = 1;
        byt <<= 1;
		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    }
	
    scl = 0;  
}

//
unsigned char I2CReceiveByte(void)
{
	unsigned char da;
	unsigned char i;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++){   
		scl = 1;
		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
		da <<= 1;
		if(sda) 
			da |= 0x01;
		scl = 0;
		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
	}
	return da;    
}

//
unsigned char I2CWaitAck(void)
{
	unsigned char ackbit;
	
    scl = 1;
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    ackbit = sda; 
    scl = 0;
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
	
	return ackbit;
}

//
void I2CSendAck(unsigned char ackbit)
{
    scl = 0;
    sda = ackbit; 
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    scl = 1;
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    scl = 0; 
	sda = 1;
	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
}
//=========================

unsigned char Ad_Read(unsigned char addr)
{
	unsigned char temp;
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0x90);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(addr);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0x91);
	I2CWaitAck();
	temp = I2CReceiveByte();
	I2CSendAck(1);
	I2CStop();
	return temp;
} 

void Da_Write(unsigned char dat)
{
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0x90);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(0x41);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(dat);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CStop();
}

6.onewire函数中

/*	# 	单总线代码片段说明
	1. 	本文件夹中提供的驱动代码供参赛选手完成程序设计参考。
	2. 	参赛选手可以自行编写相关代码或以该代码为基础，根据所选单片机类型、运行速度和试题
		中对单片机时钟频率的要求，进行代码调试和修改。
*/
#include <reg52.h>
sbit DQ = P1^4;
//
void Delay_OneWire(unsigned int t)  
{
	unsigned char i;
	while(t--){
		for(i=0;i<12;i++);
	}
}

//
void Write_DS18B20(unsigned char dat)
{
	unsigned char i;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		DQ = 0;
		DQ = dat&0x01;
		Delay_OneWire(5);
		DQ = 1;
		dat >>= 1;
	}
	Delay_OneWire(5);
}

//
unsigned char Read_DS18B20(void)
{
	unsigned char i;
	unsigned char dat;
  
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		DQ = 0;
		dat >>= 1;
		DQ = 1;
		if(DQ)
		{
			dat |= 0x80;
		}	    
		Delay_OneWire(5);
	}
	return dat;
}

//
bit init_ds18b20(void)
{
  	bit initflag = 0;
  	
  	DQ = 1;
  	Delay_OneWire(12);
  	DQ = 0;
  	Delay_OneWire(80);
  	DQ = 1;
  	Delay_OneWire(10); 
    initflag = DQ;     
  	Delay_OneWire(5);
  
  	return initflag;
}


//========================

float rd_temperature(void)
{
	unsigned char low,high;//返回温度的高低八位
	init_ds18b20();//初始化
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);//跳过ROM
	Write_DS18B20(0x44);//进行温度转换
	
	init_ds18b20();//初始化
	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);//跳过ROM
	Write_DS18B20(0xbe);//读取温度
	
	low = Read_DS18B20();//读取低位
	high = Read_DS18B20();//读取高位
	
	return ((high << 8) | low ) / 16.0;
}