写在前面：

1. 本系列专栏主要介绍C++的相关知识，思路以下面的参考链接教程为主，大部分笔记也出自该教程，笔者的原创部分主要在示例代码的注释部分。
2. 除了参考下面的链接教程以外，笔者还参考了其它的一些C++教材（比如计算机二级教材和C语言教材），笔者认为重要的部分大多都会用粗体标注（未被标注出的部分可能全是重点，可根据相关部分的示例代码量和注释量判断，或者根据实际经验判断）。
3. 如有错漏欢迎指出。

参考教程：黑马程序员匠心之作|C++教程从0到1入门编程,学习编程不再难_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

一、通讯录管理系统

1、系统需求

（1）通讯录管理系统中需要实现的功能如下：

①添加联系人：向通讯录中添加新人，信息包括（姓名、性别、年龄、联系电话、家庭住址）最多记录1000人。

②显示联系人：显示通讯录中所有联系人信息。

③删除联系人：按照姓名进行删除指定联系人。

④查找联系人：按照姓名查看指定联系人信息。

⑤修改联系人：按照姓名重新修改指定联系人。

⑥清空联系人：清空通讯录中所有信息。

⑦退出通讯录：退出当前使用的通讯录。

（2）菜单界面效果如下图：

2、参考代码

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000

//封装函数显示菜单界面
void showMenu()
{
	cout << "***************************" << endl;
	cout << "*****  1、添加联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  2、显示联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  3、删除联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  4、查找联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  5、修改联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  6、清空联系人  *****" << endl;
	cout << "*****  0、退出通讯录  *****" << endl;
	cout << "***************************" << endl;
}
//设计联系人结构体
struct Person
{
	string m_name;  //姓名
	int m_Sex;      //性别：1-男  2-女
	int m_Age;      //年龄
	string m_Phone; //电话号码
	string m_Addr;  //地址
};
//设计通讯录结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
	struct Person personArray[MAX];  //通讯录中保存的联系人数组
	int m_Size;                      //通讯录当前记录联系人个数
};
//添加联系人
void addPerson(struct Addressbooks * abs)
{
	if (abs->m_Size == MAX-1)
	{
		cout << "通讯率已满，无法添加！" << endl;
		return;
	}
	else
	{
		string name;
		cout << "请输入姓名： " << endl;
		cin >> name;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_name = name;
		int sex = 0;
		cout << "请输入性别： " << endl;
		cout << "1---男  2---女 " << endl;
		cin >> sex;
		while (true)
		{
			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
			{
				abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
				break;    //输入有效的性别数字，可以成功记录，退出循环，否则重新输入
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "你是不是找茬？好好输！" << endl;
				cin >> sex;
			}
		}
		int age = 0;
		cout << "请输入年龄： " << endl;
		cin >> age;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
		string number;
		cout << "请输入联系电话： " << endl;
		cin >> number;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = number;
		string address;
		cout << "请输入家庭住址： " << endl;
		cin >> address;
		abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address;
		(abs->m_Size)++;     //更新通讯录人数
		cout << "添加成功" << endl;
		system("pause");  //请按任意键继续
		system("cls");    //清屏操作
	}
}
//显示所有联系人
void showPreson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
	if ((abs->m_Size) == 0)
	{
		cout << "通讯录没有联系人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
		{
			cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[i].m_name << "\t";
			cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
			cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t";
			cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
			cout << "家庭住址：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");  //请按任意键继续
	system("cls");    //清屏操作
}
//检测（判断）联系人是否存在
int isExist(Addressbooks * abs,string name)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
	{
		if (abs->personArray[i].m_name == name)  //如果找到用户输入的姓名
		{
			return i;        //把用户在通讯录的位置返回去
		}
	}
	return -1;       //找不到该用户，返回-1
}
//删除联系人
void deletePreson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
	cout << "请输入删除联系人姓名：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;
	if (isExist(abs, name) == -1)     //先查这个人在不在
	{
		cout << "查无此人,删不了" << endl;
	}
	else              //要删人，直接把这个人后面的人的数据往前移一格，覆盖这个人的数据
	{
		for (int i = isExist(abs, name); i < abs->m_Size; i++)
		{
			abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
		}
		abs->m_Size--;    //更新通讯录中的人员数
		cout << "删除成功" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");  //请按任意键继续
	system("cls");    //清屏操作
}
//查找联系人
void findPerson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
	cout << "请输入您要查找的联系人：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;
	int ret = isExist(abs, name);
	if (ret == -1)     //先查这个人在不在
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[ret].m_name << "\t";
		cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
		cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t";
		cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
		cout << "家庭住址：" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
	}
	system("pause");  //请按任意键继续
	system("cls");    //清屏操作
}
//修改联系人
void modifyPerson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
	cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人：" << endl;
	string name;
	cin >> name;
	int ret = isExist(abs, name);
	if (ret == -1)     //先查这个人在不在
	{
		cout << "查无此人" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "请输入修改后的姓名：" << endl;
		cin >> abs->personArray[ret].m_name;
		cout << "请输入修改后的性别（1--男，2--女）：" << endl;
		int sex = 0;
		while (true)
		{
			cin >> sex;
			if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
			{
				abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex;
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "你输入了无效数字，重输！" << endl;
			}
		}
		cout << "请输入修改后的年龄：" << endl;
		cin >> abs->personArray[ret].m_Age ;
		cout << "请输入修改后的电话号码：" << endl;
		cin >> abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone ;
		cout << "请输入修改后的家庭住址：" << endl;
		cin >> abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr ;
		cout << "修改成功了捏" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");  //请按任意键继续
	system("cls");    //清屏操作
}
//清空联系人
void cleanPerson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
	abs->m_Size = 0;    //把当前记录联系人数量置零，做逻辑清空操作
	//上面的函数全都需要m_Size参与，一旦这个值为0，很多语句都不会执行
	cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
	system("pause");  //请按任意键继续
	system("cls");    //清屏操作
}

int main(){

	int select = 0;  //创建用户选择输入的变量
	Addressbooks abs;//创建通讯录结构体变量
	abs.m_Size = 0;  //初始化通讯录中当前人员个数

	showMenu();    //菜单调用
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> select;
		switch (select)
		{
		case 1:
			addPerson(&abs);   //利用地址传递，可以修饰实参
			break;  //添加联系人
		case 2:
			showPreson(&abs);
			break;  //显示联系人
		case 3:
		    deletePreson(&abs);
			break;  //删除联系人
		case 4:
			findPerson(&abs);
			break;  //查找联系人
		case 5:
			modifyPerson(&abs);
			break;  //修改联系人
		case 6:
			cleanPerson(&abs) ;
			break;  //清空联系人
		case 0:
		{
			cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
			system("pause");
			return 0;
		}
			break;  //退出通讯录
		default:break;
		}
		showMenu();       //清屏后重新显示菜单
	}
}

二、职工管理系统

1、系统需求

（1）公司中职工分为普通员工、经理、老板三类，显示信息时需要显示职工编号、职工姓名、职工岗位、以及职责。

（2）管理系统中需要实现的功能如下：

①退出管理程序：退出当前管理系统.

②增加职工信息：实现批量添加职工功能，将信息录入到文件中，职工信息为：职工编号、姓名、部门编号。

③显示职工信息：显示公司内部所有职工的信息。

④删除离职职工：按照编号删除指定的职工。

⑤修改职工信息：按照编号修改职工个人信息。

⑥查找职工信息：按照职工的编号或者职工的姓名进行查找相关的人员信息。

⑦按照编号排序：按照职工编号，进行排序，排序规则由用户指定。

⑧清空所有文档：清空文件中记录的所有职工信息 （清空前需要再次确认，防止误删）。

（3）系统界面效果图如下：

2、参考代码

（1）职工管理系统.cpp

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"workerManager.h"
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"boss.h"
#include"manager.h"

void test01()
{
	Worker *w1 = NULL;
	w1 = new Employee(1, "张三", 1);
	w1->showInof();
	delete w1;
	Worker *w2 = NULL;
	w2 = new Manager(2, "李四", 2);
	w2->showInof();
	delete w2;
	Worker *w3 = NULL;
	w3 = new Boss(3, "王五", 3);
	w3->showInof();
	delete w3;
}

int main()
{
	/*test01();
	return 0;*/
	WorkerManager wm;
	int choice = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		wm.Show_Menu();
		cout << "请输入您的选择：" << endl;
		cin >> choice;
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 0:      //退出系统
			wm.exitSystem();
			break;
		case 1:      //增加职工
			wm.Add_Emp();
			break;
		case 2:      //显示职工
			wm.Show_Emp();
			break;
		case 3:      //删除职工
			wm.Del_Emp();
			break;
		case 4:      //修改职工
			wm.Mod_Emp();
			break;
		case 5:      //查找职工
			wm.Find_Emp();
			break;
		case 6:      //职工排序
			wm.Sort_Emp();
			break;
		case 7:      //清空文档
			wm.Clean_File();
			break;
		default:
		{
			cout << "你是不是不想干了？重输！" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
		}
	}

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

（2）workermanager.cpp

#include"workerManager.h"
#include<string>

WorkerManager::WorkerManager()
{
	ifstream ifs;                 //如果文件不存在
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);  //读文件
	if (!ifs.is_open())         
	{
		//cout << "文件不存在!" << endl;
		m_EmpNum = 0;           //初始化人数
		m_EmpArray = NULL;      //初始化数组指针
		this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
		ifs.close();
		return;
	}
	char ch;                    //如果文件为空
	ifs >> ch;
	if (ifs.eof())              
	{
		//cout << "文件为空!" << endl;
		m_EmpNum = 0;           //初始化人数
		m_EmpArray = NULL;      //初始化数组指针
		this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
		ifs.close();
		return;
	}
	int num = this->get_EmpNum();
	//cout << "职工人数为： " << num << endl;
	this->m_EmpNum = num;
	this->m_EmpArray = new Worker*[this->m_EmpNum];  //开辟空间
	this->init_Emp();                            //将文件中的数据存到数组中
}
int WorkerManager::get_EmpNum()
{
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);  //打开文件，读它

	int id;
	string name;
	int dId;

	int num = 0;
	while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dId)
	{
		num++;    //统计人数的变量
	}
	return num;
}
WorkerManager::~WorkerManager()
{
	if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
	{
		delete[]this->m_EmpArray;
		this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
	}
}
void WorkerManager::Show_Menu()
{
	cout << "********************************************" << endl;
	cout << "*********  欢迎使用职工管理系统！ **********" << endl;
	cout << "*************  0.退出管理程序  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  1.增加职工信息  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  2.显示职工信息  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  3.删除离职职工  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  4.修改职工信息  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  5.查找职工信息  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  6.按照编号排序  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  7.清空所有文档  *************" << endl;
	cout << "********************************************" << endl;
	cout << endl;
}
void WorkerManager::exitSystem()
{
	cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
	system("pause");
	exit(0);            //退出系统
}
void WorkerManager::Add_Emp()
{
	cout << "请输入需要增加职工的数量： ";
	int AddNum = 0;
	cin >> AddNum;
	if (AddNum > 0)
	{
		int newSize = this->m_EmpNum + AddNum;      //计算新空间的大小
		Worker ** newSpace = new Worker*[newSize];  //开辟新空间
		if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)               //将原空间下的内容存放到新空间下
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
			{
				newSpace[i] = m_EmpArray[i];
			}
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < AddNum; i++)            //输入新数据
		{
			int id;
			string name;
			int dSelect;
			cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个新职工的编号: ";
			bool pass = true;
			while (true)
			{
				cin >> id;
				for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
				{
					if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
					{
						cout << "该编号已存在，请核实输入是否有误!" << endl;
						cout << "重新输入： ";
						pass = false;
						break;
					}
				}
				if (pass)
				{
					break;
				}
			}
			cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个新职工的姓名: ";
			cin >> name;
			cout << "请选择第" << i + 1 << "个新职工的岗位: " << endl
				<< "1、普通职工" << endl
				<< "2、经理" << endl
				<< "3、老板" << endl;
			cin >> dSelect;
			Worker * worker = NULL;
			switch (dSelect)
			{
			case 1:
				worker = new Employee(id, name, 1);
				break;
			case 2:
				worker = new Manager(id, name, 2);
				break;
			case 3:
				worker = new Boss(id, name, 3);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			newSpace[m_EmpNum + i] = worker;
		}
		delete[]this->m_EmpArray;     //释放原有空间
		this->m_EmpArray = newSpace;  //更新新空间的指向
		m_EmpNum = newSize;           //更新新的个数
		cout << "添加成功了嗷" << endl; 
		this->m_FileIsEmpty = false;  //更新职工不为空的标志
		save();
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "你是不是想扣工资？" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::save()
{
	ofstream ofs;
	ofs.open(FILENAME, ios::out);
	for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
	{
		ofs << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id << "  "
			<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name << "  "
			<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Deptid << endl;
	}
	ofs.close();
}
void WorkerManager::init_Emp()
{
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
	
	int id;
	string name;
	int dId;

	int index = 0;
	while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dId)
	{
		Worker * worker = NULL;
		switch (dId)
		{
		case 1:
			worker = new Employee(id, name, dId);
			break;
		case 2:
			worker = new Manager(id, name, dId);
			break;
		case 3:
			worker = new Boss(id, name, dId);
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		this->m_EmpArray[index] = worker;
		index++;
	}
	ifs.close();
}
void WorkerManager::Show_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)    //利用多态调用函数接口
		{
			this->m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
int WorkerManager::IsExist(int id)
{
	int index = -1;
	for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
	{
		if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
		{
			index = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	return index;
}
void WorkerManager::Del_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		int id = 0;
		cout << "请输入需要删除职工的编号： " << endl;
		cin >> id;
		int id0 = IsExist(id);
		if (id0 == -1)
		{
			cout << "没找到该编号对应的员工，请核实是否输入正确" << endl;
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "您确定要删除吗？" << endl;
			cout << "姓名： " << m_EmpArray[id0]->m_Name;
			switch (m_EmpArray[id0]->m_Deptid)
			{
			case 1:
				cout << "  职位：普通员工" << endl;
				break;
			case 2:
				cout << "  职位：经理" << endl;
				break;
			case 3:
				cout << "  职位：老板" << endl;
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			int select = 0;
			cout << "输入1即删除，输入其它数则将直接回到主界面" << endl;
			cin >> select;
			if (select == 1)
			{
				for (int i = id0; i < m_EmpNum - 1; i++)
				{
					m_EmpArray[i] = m_EmpArray[i + 1];
				}
				m_EmpNum--;   //更新数组中记录的人员个数
				save();       //数据同步更新到文件中
			}
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::Mod_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		int id = 0;
		cout << "请输入需要修改职工的编号： " << endl;
		cin >> id;
		int id0 = IsExist(id);
		if (id0 == -1)
		{
			cout << "没找到该编号对应的员工，请核实是否输入正确" << endl;
		}
		else
		{
			int newId = 0;
			string newName = "";
			int dSelect = 0;
			cout << "查到" << id << "号职工的姓名为" << m_EmpArray[id0]->m_Name;
			switch (m_EmpArray[id0]->m_Deptid)
			{
			case 1:
				cout << "  职位：普通员工" << endl;
				break;
			case 2:
				cout << "  职位：经理" << endl;
				break;
			case 3:
				cout << "  职位：老板" << endl;
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			cout << "请输入新职工号（如果不是更改这项，输入原来的即可，下同理）： " << endl;
			cin >> newId;
			cout << "请输入新姓名： " << endl;
			cin >> newName;
			cout << "请输入新岗位相应的编号： " << endl;
			cout << "1、普通职工" << endl;
			cout << "2、经理" << endl;
			cout << "3、老板" << endl;
			cin >> dSelect;
			Worker * worker = NULL;
			switch (dSelect)
			{
			case 1:
				worker = new Employee(newId, newName, 1);
				break;
			case 2:
				worker = new Manager(newId, newName, 2);
				break;
			case 3:
				worker = new Boss(newId, newName, 3);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			this->m_EmpArray[id0] = worker;
			cout << "修改成功了嗷" << endl;
			save();
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::Find_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		int select = 0;
		cout << "按照职工编号查找请输入1： " << endl;
		cout << "按照职工姓名查找请输入2： " << endl;
		cout << "筛选相应岗位的所有员工请输入3： " << endl;
		cin >> select;
		if (select == 1)
		{
			cout << "输入需要查找的职工编号：";
			int id = 0;
			int j1 = 0;
			cin >> id;
			for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
			{
				if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
				{
					m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
					break;
				}
				j1++;
			}
			if (j1 == m_EmpNum)
			{
				cout << "查无此人" << endl;
			}
		}
		else if (select == 2)
		{
			cout << "输入需要查找的职工姓名：";
			string name;
			cin >> name;
			int j2 = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
			{
				if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name == name)
				{
					m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
					j2++;
				}
			}
			if (j2 == 0)
			{
				cout << "查无此人" << endl;
			}
		}
		else if (select == 3)
		{
			cout << "请输入筛选目标岗位相应的编号： " << endl;
			cout << "1、普通职工" << endl;
			cout << "2、经理" << endl;
			cout << "3、老板" << endl;
			int slt = 0;
			cin >> slt;
			switch (slt)
			{
			case 1:
			{
				for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
				{
					if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Deptid == 1)
					{
						m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
					}
				}
				break;
			}
			case 2:
			{
				for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
				{
					if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Deptid == 2)
					{
						m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
					}
				}
				break;
			}
			case 3:
			{
				for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
				{
					if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Deptid == 3)
					{
						m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
					}
				}
				break;
			}
			default:
				cout << "你输入了无效编号，再见" << endl;
				break;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "666666666666666666，6死了" << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::Sort_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "按照编号进行升序排序请扣1，按照编号进行降序排序请扣2，不要乱扣哦";
		int select;
		cin >> select;
		if (select == 1)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum-1; i++)
			{
				for (int j = 0; j < m_EmpNum - i - 1; j++)
				{
					if (m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id > m_EmpArray[j + 1]->m_Id)
					{
						Worker * temp = m_EmpArray[j + 1];
						m_EmpArray[j + 1] = m_EmpArray[j];
						m_EmpArray[j] = temp;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		else if (select == 2)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum - 1; i++)
			{
				for (int j = 0; j < m_EmpNum - i - 1; j++)
				{
					if (m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id < m_EmpArray[j + 1]->m_Id)
					{
						Worker * temp2 = m_EmpArray[j + 1];
						m_EmpArray[j + 1] = m_EmpArray[j];
						m_EmpArray[j] = temp2;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "建议你回炉重造" << endl;
		}
	}
	save();
	Show_Emp();
}
void WorkerManager::Clean_File()
{
	cout << "你确定要清空全部数据？输入1就不能后悔了哦！不想删除就随便输入一个其它数。" << endl;
	int select = 0;
	cin >> select;
	if (select == 1)
	{
		ofstream ofs(FILENAME, ios::trunc);   //清空文件（删除文件后重新创建）
		ofs.close();                          //关闭文件
		if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
			{
				delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
				this->m_EmpArray[i] = NULL;
			}
			delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
			m_EmpArray = NULL;
			m_EmpNum = 0;
			m_FileIsEmpty = true;
		}
		cout << "清空成功！" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

（3）manager.cpp

#include"manager.h"
#include<string>

void Manager::showInof()
{
	cout << "编号： " << m_Id
		<< "\t姓名：" << m_Name
		<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptname()
		<< "\t岗位职责: " << "完成老板交代的任务，并下发任务给普通员工" << endl;
}
string Manager::getDeptname()
{
	return string("经理");
}
Manager::Manager(int id, string name, int did)
{
	this->m_Id = id;
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_Deptid = did;
}

（4）employee.cpp

#include"employee.h"
#include<string>

void Employee::showInof()
{
	cout << "编号： " << m_Id
		<< "\t姓名：" << m_Name
		<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptname()
		<< "\t岗位职责: " << "完成经理交代的任务" << endl;
}
string Employee::getDeptname()
{
	return string("普通员工");
}
Employee::Employee(int id, string name, int did)
{
	this->m_Id = id;
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_Deptid = did;
}

（5）boss.cpp

#include"boss.h"
#include<string>

void Boss::showInof()
{
	cout << "编号： " << m_Id
		<< "\t姓名：" << m_Name
		<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptname()
		<< "\t岗位职责: " << "管理公司所有事物" << endl;
}
string Boss::getDeptname()
{
	return string("老板");
}
Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int did)
{
	this->m_Id = id;
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_Deptid = did;
}

（6）workerManager.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"boss.h"

#include<fstream>
#define FILENAME "empFile.txt"

class WorkerManager
{
public:
	WorkerManager();
	void Show_Menu();
	void exitSystem();
	~WorkerManager();
	int m_EmpNum;           //记录文件中的人数个数
	Worker ** m_EmpArray;   //员工数组的指针
	void Add_Emp();         //增加职工---
	void save();            //把数据写入文件
	bool m_FileIsEmpty;     //判断文件是否为空的标志
	int get_EmpNum();       //统计文件中的人数
	void init_Emp();        //初始化职工
	void Show_Emp();        //显示职工---
	void Del_Emp();         //删除职工---
	int IsExist(int id);    //判断职工是否存在
	void Mod_Emp();         //修改职工---
	void Find_Emp();        //查找职工---
	void Sort_Emp();        //职工排序---
	void Clean_File();      //清空数据---
};

（7）worker.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>

class Worker
{
public:
	int m_Id;
	string m_Name;
	int m_Deptid;
	virtual void showInof() = 0;
	virtual string getDeptname() = 0;
};

（8）manager.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"

class Manager :public Worker
{
public:
	Manager(int id, string name, int did);
	void showInof();
	string getDeptname();
};

（9）employee.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"

class Employee :public Worker
{
public:
	Employee(int id,string name,int did);
	void showInof();
	string getDeptname();
};

（10）boss.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"

class Boss :public Worker
{
public:
	Boss(int id, string name, int did);
	void showInof();
	string getDeptname();
};

三、演讲比赛流程管理系统

1、系统需求

（1）比赛规则和流程：

①学校举行一场演讲比赛，共有12个人参加。

②比赛共两轮，第一轮为淘汰赛，第二轮为决赛。

③比赛方式：分组比赛，每组6个人，选手每次要随机分组，进行比赛。

④每名选手都有对应的编号，如 10001 ~ 10012。

⑤第一轮分为两个小组，每组6个人，按照选手编号进行抽签后顺序演讲。

⑥当小组演讲完后，根据评分淘汰组内排名最后的三个选手，前三名晋级，进入下一轮的比赛。

⑦第二轮为决赛，得分前三名的胜出。

⑧每轮比赛过后需要显示晋级选手的信息。

（2）程序功能：

①开始演讲比赛：完成整届比赛的流程，每个比赛阶段需要给用户一个提示，用户按任意键后继续下一个阶段。

②查看往届记录：查看之前比赛前三名结果，每次比赛都会记录到文件中，文件用.csv后缀名保存。

③清空比赛记录：将文件中数据清空。

④退出比赛程序：可以退出当前程序。

（3）程序效果图：

2、参考代码

（1）main.cpp

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"speechManager.h"
#include<ctime>

int main()
{
	srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
	speechManager m;
	/*for (map<int, Speaker>::iterator it = m.m_Speaker.begin(); it != m.m_Speaker.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "选手编号：" << it->first
			<< " 姓名： " << it->second.m_Name
			<< " 成绩： " << it->second.m_Score[0] << endl;
	}*/
	int choice = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		m.show_Menu();
		cout << "请输入您的选择：" << endl;
		cin >> choice;
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 1:    //开始比赛
			m.startSpeech();
			break;
		case 2:    //查看记录
			m.showRecord();
			break;
		case 3:    //清空记录
			m.clearRecord();
			break;
		case 0:    //退出程序
			m.Exitsystem();
			break;
		default:
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
	}

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

（2）speaker.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Speaker
{
public:

	double m_Score[2];   //可能有两轮得分
	string m_Name;       //姓名

};

（3）speechManager.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
#include<deque>
#include<algorithm>
#include<numeric>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
#include"speaker.h"
using namespace std;

class speechManager
{
public:
	speechManager();   //构造函数

	~speechManager();  //析构函数

	void show_Menu();  //菜单显示
	void Exitsystem(); //退出系统***

	vector<int>v1;     //所有选手的容器12人
	vector<int>v2;     //第一轮晋级容器6人
	vector<int>vVictory;   //前三名容器3人
	map<int, Speaker>m_Speaker;   //存放编号以及对应选手的容器
	int m_Index;       //比赛轮数
	bool fileIsEmpty;  //判断文件是否为空标志
	map<int, vector<string>>m_Record;   //存放往届记录的容器

	void init_Speech();  //初始化属性
	void createSpeaker(); //创建选手
	void startSpeech();   //开始比赛***
	void speechDraw();    //抽签
	void speechContest(); //比赛
	void showScore();     //显示结果
	void saveRecord();    //保存记录
	void loadRecord();    //读取记录
	void showRecord();    //查看记录***
	void clearRecord();   //清空记录***
};

（4）speechManager.cpp

#include"speechManager.h"
#include<algorithm>

speechManager::speechManager()
{
	init_Speech();
	createSpeaker();
	loadRecord();
}

speechManager::~speechManager()
{

}

void speechManager::show_Menu()
{
	cout << "********************************************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  欢迎参加演讲比赛 ************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  1.开始演讲比赛  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  2.查看往届记录  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  3.清空比赛记录  *************" << endl;
	cout << "*************  0.退出比赛程序  *************" << endl;
	cout << "********************************************" << endl;
	cout << endl;
}

void speechManager::Exitsystem()
{
	cout << "欢迎下次使用~" << endl;
	system("pause");
	exit(0);
}

void speechManager::init_Speech()
{
	this->m_Index = 1;            //初始化比赛轮数
	this->v1.clear();             //容器保证为空
	this->v2.clear();
	this->vVictory.clear();
	this->m_Speaker.clear();
	this->m_Record.clear();
}

void speechManager::createSpeaker()
{
	string nameSeed = "ABCDEFGHIJKL";
	for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
	{
		string name = "选手";
		name += nameSeed[i];
		Speaker speaker;
		speaker.m_Name = name;
		speaker.m_Score[0] = 0;
		v1.push_back(10001 + i);
		m_Speaker.insert(make_pair(i + 10001, speaker));
	}
}

void speechManager::speechDraw()
{
	cout << "第" << m_Index << "轮选手抽签：" << endl;
	cout << "-------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "抽签后演讲顺序如下：" << endl;
	if (m_Index == 1)
	{
		random_shuffle(v1.begin(), v1.end());
		for (vector<int>::iterator it = v1.begin(); it != v1.end(); it++)
		{
			cout << *it << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	if (m_Index == 2)
	{
		random_shuffle(v2.begin(), v2.end());
		for (vector<int>::iterator it = v2.begin(); it != v2.end(); it++)
		{
			cout << *it << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << "----------------------------------" << endl;
	system("pause");
	cout << endl;
}
void speechManager::speechContest()
{
	cout << "第" << m_Index << "轮比赛开始：" << endl;
	cout << "-------------------------------" << endl;
	multimap<double, int, greater<int>> groupScore;
	int num = 0;
	vector<int>v_Src;

	if (m_Index == 1)
	{
		v_Src = v1;
	}
	if (m_Index == 2)
	{
		v_Src = v2;
	}
	
	for (vector<int>::iterator it = v_Src.begin(); it != v_Src.end(); it++)
	{
		num++;
		deque<double>sc;
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)   //十个评委打分
		{
			double cc = (rand() % 400 + 600) / 10.f;
			//cout << cc << " ";
			sc.push_back(cc);
		}
		sort(sc.begin(),sc.end(),greater<double>());
		sc.pop_back();   //去除最低分
		sc.pop_front();  //去除最高分
		double avg = accumulate(sc.begin(), sc.end(), 0.0f) / (double)sc.size();
	    //cout << "编号： " << *it  << " 选手： " << this->m_Speaker[*it].m_Name << " 获取平均分为： " << avg << endl;  //打印分数
		groupScore.insert(make_pair(avg, *it));
		//m_Speaker[*it]  中括号内为key值，不是简单的数组下标
		this->m_Speaker[*it].m_Score[this->m_Index - 1] = avg;
		
		if (num % 6 == 0)
		{
			int i = 0;
			cout << "第" << num / 6 << "小组比赛名次：" << endl;
			for (multimap<double, int, greater<int>>::iterator it2 = groupScore.begin(); it2 != groupScore.end(); it2++, i++) 
			{
				cout << "编号：" << it2->second << "  姓名：" << m_Speaker[it2->second].m_Name
					<< "  成绩：" << m_Speaker[it2->second].m_Score[m_Index - 1] << endl;
				
				if (m_Index == 1 && i < 3) 
				{
					v2.push_back(it2->second);
				}
				if (m_Index == 2 && i < 3)
				{
					vVictory.push_back(it2->second);
				}
			}
			groupScore.clear();
		}
	}
	cout << "------------- 第" << this->m_Index << "轮比赛完毕  ------------- " << endl;
	system("pause");
}
void speechManager::showScore()
{
	cout << "-------第" << m_Index << "轮晋级选手信息如下-------" << endl;
	vector<int>v_Src;
	if (m_Index == 1)
	{
		v_Src = v2;
	}
	if (m_Index == 2)
	{
		v_Src = vVictory;
	}
	for (vector<int>::iterator it = v_Src.begin(); it != v_Src.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "选手编号：" << *it << "  姓名：" << m_Speaker[*it].m_Name 
			<< "  得分：" << m_Speaker[*it].m_Score[m_Index - 1] << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	this->show_Menu();
}
void speechManager::saveRecord()
{
	ofstream ofs;
	ofs.open("speech.csv", ios::out | ios::app);  //用追加的方式写文件
	for (vector<int>::iterator it = vVictory.begin(); it != vVictory.end(); it++)
	{
		ofs << *it << "," << this->m_Speaker[*it].m_Score[1] << ",";
	}
	ofs << endl;
	ofs.close();
	cout << "记录成功保存" << endl;
}

void speechManager::startSpeech()
{
	speechDraw();
	speechContest();
	showScore();
	m_Index++;
	speechDraw();
	speechContest();
	showScore();
	saveRecord();
	init_Speech();
	createSpeaker();
	loadRecord();

	cout << "本届比赛完毕" << endl;
	this->fileIsEmpty = false;
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

void speechManager::loadRecord()
{
	ifstream ifs("speech.csv", ios::in);
	//没有文件情况
	if (!ifs.is_open())
	{
		//cout<< "文件不存在" << endl;
		this->fileIsEmpty = true;
		ifs.close();
		return;
	}
	//文件清空清空
	char ch;
	ifs >> ch;
	if (ifs.eof())
	{
		//cout << "文件为空" << endl;
		this->fileIsEmpty = true;
		ifs.close();
		return;
	}
	this->fileIsEmpty = false;
	ifs.putback(ch);   //将上面读取的单个字符放回
	
	int index = 0;
	string data;
	while (ifs >> data)
	{
		//cout << data << endl;
		vector<string>v;
		int pos = -1;   //查逗号位置的变量（写文件时数据用逗号分隔了）
		int start = 0;
		while (true)
		{
			pos = data.find(",", start);
			if (pos == -1)
			{
				break;
			}
			string temp = data.substr(start, pos - start);
			//cout << temp << endl;
			v.push_back(temp);
			start = pos + 1;
		}
		this->m_Record.insert(make_pair(index, v));
		index++;
	}
	ifs.close();
}
void speechManager::showRecord()
{
	if (this->fileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
	}
	else 
	{
		for (int index = 0; index < this->m_Record.size(); index++)
		{
			cout << "第" << index + 1 << "届  冠军编号：" << m_Record[index][0] << " 得分：" << m_Record[index][1]
				<< " 亚军编号：" << m_Record[index][2] << " 得分：" << m_Record[index][3]
				<< " 季军编号：" << m_Record[index][4] << " 得分：" << m_Record[index][5] << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

void speechManager::clearRecord()
{
	cout << "确认清空？" << endl;
	cout << "1、确认" << endl;
	cout << "2、返回" << endl;

	int select = 0;
	cin >> select;

	if (select == 1)
	{
		//打开模式 ios::trunc 如果存在删除文件并重新创建
		ofstream ofs("speech.csv", ios::trunc);
		ofs.close();

		//初始化属性
		this->init_Speech();

		//创建选手
		this->createSpeaker();

		//获取往届记录
		this->loadRecord();

		cout << "清空成功！" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

四、机房预约系统

1、系统需求

（1）学校现有几个规格不同的机房，由于使用时经常出现"撞车"现象，现开发一套机房预约系统，解决这一问题。

（2）分别有三种身份使用该程序：

①学生代表：申请使用机房。

②教师：审核学生的预约申请。

③管理员：给学生、教师创建账号。

（3）机房总共有3间：

①1号机房最多允许20人同时使用。

②2号机房最多允许50人同时使用。

③3号机房最多允许100人同时使用。

（4）申请的订单每周由管理员负责清空；学生可以预约未来一周内的机房使用，预约的日期为周一至周五，预约时需要选择预约时段（上午、下午）；教师来审核预约，依据实际情况审核预约通过或者不通过。

（5）系统具体需求：

①首先进入登录界面，可选登录身份有：学生代表、老师、管理员（、退出）。

②每个身份都需要进行验证后才能进入子菜单：

[1]学生需要输入：学号、姓名、登录密码。

[2]老师需要输入：职工号、姓名、登录密码。

[3]管理员需要输入：管理员姓名、登录密码。

③学生具体功能：

[1]申请预约——预约机房。

[2]查看自身的预约——查看自己的预约状态。

[3]查看所有预约——查看全部预约信息以及预约状态。

[4]取消预约——取消自身的预约，预约成功或审核中的预约均可取消。

[5]注销登录——退出登录。

④教师具体功能：

[1]查看所有预约——查看全部预约信息以及预约状态。

[2]审核预约——对学生的预约进行审核。

[3]注销登录——退出登录.

⑤管理员具体功能：

[1]添加账号——添加学生或教师的账号，需要检测学生编号或教师职工号是否重复。

[2]查看账号——可以选择查看学生或教师的全部信息。

[3]查看机房——查看所有机房的信息。

[4]清空预约——清空所有预约记录。

[5]注销登录——退出登录。

2、参考代码

（1）main.cpp

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<numeric>
using namespace std;
#include"Identity.h"
#include"globalFile.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"student.h"
#include"teacher.h"

void managerMenu(Identity * &manager)
{
	
	while (true)
	{
		Manager * man = (Manager *)manager;
		manager->opermenu();
		int choice = 0;
		cin >> choice;
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 1:    //添加账号
		{
			cout << "添加账号" << endl;
			man->addPerson();
			break;
		}
		case 2:    //查看账号
		{
			cout << "查看账号" << endl;
			man->showPerson();
			break;
		}
		case 3:    //查看机房
		{
			cout << "查看机房" << endl;
			man->showComputer();
			break;
		}
		case 4:    //清空预约
		{
			cout << "清空预约" << endl;
			man->cleanFile();
			break;
		}
		case 0:    //注销登录
		{
			delete manager;
			cout << "注销成功" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
			break;
		}
		default:
		{
			cout << "输入无效数字，请重输" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
		}
	}
}
void studentMenu(Identity * &student)
{
	while (true)
	{
		Student * man = (Student *)student;
		student->opermenu();
		int choice = 0;
		cin >> choice;
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 1:    //申请预约
		{
			cout << "申请预约" << endl;
			man->applyOrder();
			break;
		}
		case 2:    //查看我的预约
		{
			cout << "查看我的预约" << endl;
			man->showMyOrder();
			break;
		}
		case 3:    //查看所有预约
		{
			cout << "查看所有预约" << endl;
			man->showALLOrder();
			break;
		}
		case 4:    //取消预约
		{
			cout << "取消预约" << endl;
			man->cancelOrder();
			break;
		}
		case 0:    //注销登录
		{
			delete student;
			cout << "注销成功" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
			break;
		}
		default:
		{
			cout << "输入无效数字，请重输" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
		}
	}
}
void teacherMenu(Identity * &teacher)
{
	while (true)
	{
		Teacher * man = (Teacher *)teacher;
		teacher->opermenu();
		int choice = 0;
		cin >> choice;
		switch (choice)
		{
		case 1:    //查看所有预约
		{
			cout << "查看所有预约" << endl;
			man->showALLOrder();
			break;
		}
		case 2:    //审核预约
		{
			cout << "查看我的预约" << endl;
			man->validOrder();
			break;
		}
		case 0:    //注销登录
		{
			delete teacher;
			cout << "注销成功" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
			break;
		}
		default:
		{
			cout << "输入无效数字，请重输" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
		}
	}
}

void LoginTn(string fileName, int type)
{
	Identity * person = NULL;
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(fileName, ios::in);
	if (!ifs.is_open())
	{
		cout << "文件不存在" << endl;
		ifs.close();
		return;
	}
	string name;
	string password;
	int id;

	if (type == 1)
	{
		cout << "请输入您的学生学号：";
		cin >> id;
	}
	if (type == 2)
	{
		cout << "请输入您的教师工号：";
		cin >> id;
	}
	cout << "请输入您的账号（姓名）：";
	cin >> name;
	cout << "请输入您的账号密码：";
	cin >> password;
	int ID;
	string PASSWORD;
	string NAME;
	if (type == 1)
	{
		while (ifs >> ID && ifs >> NAME && ifs >> PASSWORD)
		{
			if (ID == id && NAME == name && PASSWORD == password)
			{
				cout << "学生验证登录成功" << endl;

				system("pause");
				system("cls");
				person = new Student(id, name, password);  //创建学生对象
				studentMenu(person);  //进入学生代表子菜单
				return;
			}
		}
	}
	else if (type == 2)
	{
		while (ifs >> ID && ifs >> NAME && ifs >> PASSWORD)
		{
			if (ID == id && NAME == name && PASSWORD == password)
			{
				cout << "教师验证登录成功" << endl;

				system("pause");
				system("cls");
				person = new Teacher(id, name, password);  //创建教师对象
				teacherMenu(person);  //进入教师子菜单
				return;
			}
		}
	}
	else if (type == 3)
	{
		while (ifs >> NAME && ifs >> PASSWORD)
		{
			if (NAME == name && PASSWORD == password)
			{
				cout << "管理员验证登录成功" << endl;

				system("pause");
				system("cls");
				person = new Manager(name, password);  //创建管理员对象
				managerMenu(person);  //进入管理员子菜单
				return;
			}
		}
	}
	cout << "验证登录失败！" << endl;

	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	return;
}

int main()
{
	while (true)
	{
		cout << "======================  欢迎来到传智播客机房预约系统  ====================="
			<< endl;
		cout << endl << "请输入您的身份" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t -------------------------------\n";
		cout << "\t\t|                               |\n";
		cout << "\t\t|          1.学生代表           |\n";
		cout << "\t\t|                               |\n";
		cout << "\t\t|          2.老    师           |\n";
		cout << "\t\t|                               |\n";
		cout << "\t\t|          3.管 理 员           |\n";
		cout << "\t\t|                               |\n";
		cout << "\t\t|          0.退    出           |\n";
		cout << "\t\t|                               |\n";
		cout << "\t\t -------------------------------\n";
		cout << "输入您的选择: ";

		int select = 0;
		cin >> select;

		switch (select)
		{
		case 1:     //学生代表
			LoginTn(STUDENT_FILE, 1);
			break;
		case 2:     //老师
			LoginTn(TEACHER_FILE, 2);
			break;
		case 3:     //管理员
			LoginTn(ADMIN_FILE, 3);
			break;
		case 0:     //退出
		{
			cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
			system("pause");
			return 0;
			break;
		}
		default:
		{
			cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
		}
	}

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

（2）manager.cpp

#include"manager.h"
#include"computerRoom.h"
#include<algorithm>
#include<numeric>

Manager::Manager()
{

}
Manager::Manager(string name, string pwd)    //有参构造
{
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_Pwd = pwd;
	initVector();
	initComputerRoom();
}

void Manager::opermenu()    //菜单界面
{
	cout << "欢迎管理员：" << this->m_Name << "登录！" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t ---------------------------------\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          1.添加账号            |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          2.查看账号            |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          3.查看机房            |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          4.清空预约            |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          0.注销登录            |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                |\n";
	cout << "\t\t ---------------------------------\n";
	cout << "请选择您的操作： " << endl;
}
void Manager::addPerson()           //添加账号
{
	cout << "请输入添加账号的类型：" << endl << "1、添加学生" << endl 
		<< "2、添加老师" << endl;

	string fileName;
	ofstream ofs;
	string tip;
	string errortip;
	int select = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> select;
		if (select == 1)
		{
			fileName = STUDENT_FILE;
			tip = "请输入学生学号：";
			errortip = "该学生已有账号！";
			break;
		}
		if (select == 2)
		{
			fileName = TEACHER_FILE;
			tip = "请输入职工编号：";
			errortip = "该职工已有账号！";
			break;
		}
		cout << "输入无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
	}
	ofs.open(fileName, ios::out);
	int id;
	string name;
	string password;

	cout << tip;
	cin >> id;
	bool ret = checkRepeat(id, select);
	if (!ret)
	{
		cout << errortip << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "请输入姓名：";
		cin >> name;
		cout << "请输入密码：";
		cin >> password;
		ofs << id << " " << name << " " << password << endl;
		cout << "添加成功！" << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	ofs.close();
	initVector();
}
void Manager::initVector()
{
	vStu.clear();
	vTea.clear();
	ifstream ifs;
	//读取学生文件信息
	ifs.open(STUDENT_FILE, ios::in);
	if (!ifs.is_open())
	{
		cout << "读取文件失败" << endl;
		return;
	}
	Student s;
	while (ifs >> s.m_Id&&ifs >> s.m_Name&&ifs >> s.m_Pwd)
	{
		vStu.push_back(s);
	}
	//cout << "当前学生数量为：" << vStu.size() << endl;
	//读取教师文件信息
	ifs.open(TEACHER_FILE, ios::in);
	if (!ifs.is_open())
	{
		cout << "读取文件失败" << endl;
		return;
	}
	Teacher t;
	while (ifs >> t.m_EmpId&&ifs >> t.m_Name&&ifs >> t.m_Pwd)
	{
		vTea.push_back(t);
	}
	//cout << "当前教师数量为：" << vTea.size() << endl;
	ifs.close();
}
bool Manager::checkRepeat(int id, int type)
{
	if (type == 1)
	{
		vector<Student>::iterator it = vStu.begin();
		for (; it != vStu.end(); it++)
		{
			if (it->m_Id == id)
			{
				break;
			}
		}
		if (it == vStu.end())
		{
			return true;
		}
	}
	else if (type == 2)
	{
		vector<Teacher>::iterator it = vTea.begin();
		for (; it != vTea.end(); it++)
		{
			if (it->m_EmpId == id)
			{
				break;
			}
		}
		if (it == vTea.end())
		{
			return true;
		}
	}
	return false;
}
void Manager::showPerson()          //查看账号
{
	cout << "请选择查看内容：" << endl << "1、查看所有学生" << endl
		<< "2、查看所有老师" << endl;

	int select = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> select;
		if (select == 1)
		{
			for (vector<Student>::iterator it = vStu.begin(); it != vStu.end(); it++)
			{
				cout << "学号：" << it->m_Id << "  姓名：" 
					<< it->m_Name << "  密码：" << it->m_Pwd << endl;
			}
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
		if (select == 2)
		{
			for (vector<Teacher>::iterator it = vTea.begin(); it != vTea.end(); it++)
			{
				cout << "职工号：" << it->m_EmpId << "  姓名："
					<< it->m_Name << "  密码：" << it->m_Pwd << endl;
			}
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			break;
		}
		cout << "输入无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
	}
}

void Manager::showComputer()        //查看机房信息
{
	cout << "机房信息如下：" << endl;
	for (vector<ComputerRoom>::iterator it = vCom.begin(); it != vCom.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << "机房编号：" << it->m_ComId << "  机房最大容量：" << it->m_MaxNum << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void Manager::cleanFile()           //清空预约记录
{
	ofstream ofs(ORDER_FILE, ios::trunc);
	ofs.close();
	cout << "清空成功！" << endl;
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void Manager::initComputerRoom()
{
	vCom.clear();
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(COMPUTER_FILE, ios::in);
	int id;
	int maxnum;
	while (ifs >> id && ifs >> maxnum)
	{
		ComputerRoom com;
		com.m_ComId = id;
		com.m_MaxNum = maxnum;
		vCom.push_back(com);
	}
	ifs.close();
}

（3）orderFile.cpp

#include"orderFile.h"

OrderFile::OrderFile()
{
	ifstream ifs(ORDER_FILE, ios::in);
	string date;      //日期
	string interval;  //时间段
	string stuId;     //学生编号
	string stuName;   //学生姓名
	string roomId;    //机房编号
	string status;    //预约状态

	this->m_Size = 0; //预约记录个数
	
	while (ifs >> date && ifs >> interval && ifs >> stuId && ifs 
		>> stuName && ifs >> roomId && ifs >> status)
	{
		string key;
		string value;
		map<string, string>m;
		int pos = date.find(":");
		if (pos != -1)
		{
			key = date.substr(0, pos);
			value = date.substr(pos + 1, date.size());
			m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
		}
		pos = interval.find(":");
		if (pos != -1)
		{
			key = interval.substr(0, pos);
			value = interval.substr(pos + 1, interval.size());
			m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
		}
		pos = stuId.find(":");
		if (pos != -1)
		{
			key = stuId.substr(0, pos);
			value = stuId.substr(pos + 1, stuId.size());
			m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
		}
		pos = stuName.find(":");
		if (pos != -1)
		{
			key = stuName.substr(0, pos);
			value = stuName.substr(pos + 1, stuName.size());
			m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
		}
		pos = roomId.find(":");
		if (pos != -1)
		{
			key = roomId.substr(0, pos);
			value = roomId.substr(pos + 1, roomId.size());
			m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
		}
		pos = status.find(":");
		if (pos != -1)
		{
			key = status.substr(0, pos);
			value = status.substr(pos + 1, status.size());
			m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
		}
		m_orderData.insert(make_pair(m_Size,m));
		m_Size++;
	}
	ifs.close();
}

void OrderFile::updateOrder()
{
	if (this->m_Size == 0)
	{
		return;
	}
	ofstream ofs(ORDER_FILE, ios::out | ios::trunc);
	for (int i = 0; i < m_Size; i++)
	{
		ofs << "date:" << this->m_orderData[i]["date"] << " ";
		ofs << "interval:" << this->m_orderData[i]["interval"] << " ";
		ofs << "stuId:" << this->m_orderData[i]["stuId"] << " ";
		ofs << "stuName:" << this->m_orderData[i]["stuName"] << " ";
		ofs << "roomId:" << this->m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << " ";
		ofs << "status:" << this->m_orderData[i]["status"] << endl;
	}
	ofs.close();
}

（4）student.cpp

#include"student.h"

Student::Student()
{

}
Student::Student(int id, string name, string pwd)  //有参构造
{
	this->m_Id = id;
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_Pwd = pwd;
	ifstream ifs (COMPUTER_FILE, ios::in);
	ComputerRoom com;
	while (ifs >> com.m_ComId&&ifs >> com.m_MaxNum)
	{
		vCom.push_back(com);
	}
	ifs.close();
}

void Student::opermenu()  //菜单界面
{
	cout << "欢迎学生代表：" << this->m_Name << "登录！" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t ----------------------------------\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          1.申请预约              |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          2.查看我的预约          |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          3.查看所有预约          |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          4.取消预约              |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          0.注销登录              |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t ----------------------------------\n";
	cout << "请选择您的操作： " << endl;
}
void Student::applyOrder()        //申请预约
{
	cout << "机房开放时间为周一至周五！" << endl;
	cout << "请输入申请预约的时间：（输入对应数字编号！）" << endl;
	cout << "1、周一" << endl << "2、周二" << endl 
		<< "3、周三" << endl << "4、周四" << endl << "5、周五" << endl;
	int choice = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> choice;
		if (choice == 1 || choice == 2 || choice == 3 || choice == 4 || choice == 5)
		{
			break;
		}
		cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
	}
	cout << "请输入申请预约的时间段：（输入对应数字编号！）" << endl;
	cout << "1、上午" << endl << "2、下午" << endl;
	int choice2 = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> choice2;
		if (choice2 == 1 || choice2 == 2)
		{
			break;
		}
		cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
	}
	cout << "请选择机房：（输入对应数字编号！）" << endl;
	cout << "1、一号机房容量：" << vCom[0].m_MaxNum << endl;
	cout << "2、二号机房容量：" << vCom[1].m_MaxNum << endl;
	cout << "3、三号机房容量：" << vCom[2].m_MaxNum << endl;
	int choice3 = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> choice3;
		if (choice3 == 1 || choice3 == 2 || choice == 3)
		{
			break;
		}
		cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
	}
	cout << "预约成功！请耐心等待审核……" << endl;
	ofstream ofs;
	ofs.open(ORDER_FILE, ios::app);
	ofs << "date:" << choice << " ";            //日期
	ofs << "interval:" << choice2 << " ";       //时间段
	ofs << "stuId:" << this->m_Id << " ";       //学生编号
	ofs << "stuName:" << this->m_Name << " ";   //学生姓名
	ofs << "roomId:" << choice3 << " ";         //预约机房号
	ofs << "status:" << 1 << endl;              //预约状态
	ofs.close();

	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void Student::showMyOrder()       //查看我的预约
{
	OrderFile of;
	if (of.m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "无预约记录" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
		return;
	}
	int i = 0;
	for (; i < of.m_Size; i++)
	{
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["stuId"].c_str()) == this->m_Id)
		{
			cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << "  时段：" 
				<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << "  机房：";
			cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << "  状态：";
			if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
			{
				cout << "审核中" << endl;
			}
			if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2)
			{
				cout << "已预约" << endl;
			}
			if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == -1)
			{
				cout << "预约失败" << endl;
			}
			if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 0)
			{
				cout << "取消的预约" << endl;
			}
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void Student::showALLOrder()      //查看所有预约
{
	OrderFile of;
	if (of.m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "无预约记录" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
		return;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < of.m_Size; i++)
	{
		cout << i + 1 << "、";
		cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << "  时段："
			<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << "  机房：";
		cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << "  状态：";
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
		{
			cout << "审核中" << endl;
		}
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2)
		{
			cout << "已预约" << endl;
		}
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == -1)
		{
			cout << "预约失败" << endl;
		}
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 0)
		{
			cout << "取消的预约" << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void Student::cancelOrder()       //取消预约
{
	OrderFile of;
	if (of.m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "无预约记录" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
		return;
	}
	cout << "审核中或预约成功的记录可以取消，请输入取消的记录：（输入最左边的编号）" << endl;
	vector<int>v;
	int index = 1;
	for (int i = 0; i < of.m_Size; i++)
	{
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["stuId"].c_str()) == this->m_Id&&
			(atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1|| atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2))
		{
			v.push_back(i);
			cout << index++ << "、";
			cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << "  时段："
				<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << "  机房：";
			cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << "  状态：";
			if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
			{
				cout << "审核中" << endl;
			}
			if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2)
			{
				cout << "已预约" << endl;
			}
		}
	}
	int select = 0;
	cout << "请输入需要取消的记录，0代表返回" << endl;
	
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> select;
		if (select == 0)
		{
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
		}
		else
		{
			of.m_orderData[v[select - 1]]["status"] = "0";
			break;
		}
		cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
	}
	cout << "已取消预约" << endl;

	of.updateOrder();
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

（5）teacher.cpp

#include"teacher.h"

Teacher::Teacher()
{

}
Teacher::Teacher(int empid, string name, string pwd)    //有参构造
{
	this->m_EmpId = empid;
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_Pwd = pwd;
}

void Teacher::opermenu()   //菜单界面
{
	cout << "欢迎教师：" << this->m_Name << "登录！" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t ----------------------------------\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          1.查看所有预约          |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          2.审核预约              |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|          0.注销登录              |\n";
	cout << "\t\t|                                  |\n";
	cout << "\t\t ----------------------------------\n";
	cout << "请选择您的操作： " << endl;
}
void Teacher::showALLOrder()       //查看所有预约
{
	OrderFile of;
	if (of.m_Size == 0)
	{
		cout << "无预约记录" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
		return;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < of.m_Size; i++)
	{
		cout << i + 1 << "、";
		cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << "  时段："
			<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << "  机房：";
		cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << "  状态：";
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
		{
			cout << "审核中" << endl;
		}
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2)
		{
			cout << "已预约" << endl;
		}
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == -1)
		{
			cout << "预约失败" << endl;
		}
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 0)
		{
			cout << "取消的预约" << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void Teacher::validOrder()         //审核预约
{
	OrderFile of;
	
	cout << "待审核的预约记录如下：" << endl;
	int index = 1;
	vector<int>v;
	for (int i = 0; i < of.m_Size; i++)
	{
		if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
		{
			cout << index++ << "、";
			cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << "  时段："
				<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << "  机房：";
			cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << "  状态：审核中" << endl;
			v.push_back(i);
		}
	}
	if (index == 1)
	{
		cout << "无需要审核的预约记录" << endl;
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
		return;
	}
	cout << "请输入审核的预约记录，0代表返回" << endl;
	int choice = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> choice;
		if (choice == 0)
		{
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			return;
		}
		if (choice < index&&choice>0)
		{
			break;
		}
		cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
	}
	cout << "1、通过" << endl << "2、不通过" << endl;
	int select = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		cin >> select;
		if (select == 0)
		{
			break;
		}
		if (select == 1)
		{
			of.m_orderData[v[choice - 1]]["status"] = "2";
			cout << "审核完毕！" << endl;
			break;
		}
		if (select == 2)
		{
			of.m_orderData[v[choice - 1]]["status"] = "-1";
			cout << "审核完毕！" << endl;
			break;
		}
		cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
	}
	of.updateOrder();
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}

（6）computerRoom.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class ComputerRoom
{
public:
	int m_ComId;   //机房id号
	int m_MaxNum;  //机房最大容量
};

（7）globalFile.h

#pragma once

//管理员文件
#define ADMIN_FILE     "admin.txt"
//学生文件
#define STUDENT_FILE   "student.txt"
//教师文件
#define TEACHER_FILE   "teacher.txt"
//机房信息文件
#define COMPUTER_FILE  "computerRoom.txt"
//订单文件
#define ORDER_FILE     "order.txt"

（8）Identity.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Identity     //身份抽象类
{
public:
	string m_Name;    //用户名
	string m_Pwd;     //密码

	virtual void opermenu() = 0;  //操作菜单

};

（9）manager.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<vector>
#include"Identity.h"
#include"globalFile.h"
#include"student.h"
#include"teacher.h"
#include"computerRoom.h"
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;

class Manager :public Identity
{
public:
	Manager();
	Manager(string name, string pwd);    //有参构造

	virtual void opermenu();    //菜单界面
	void addPerson();           //添加账号
	void showPerson();          //查看账号
	void showComputer();        //查看机房信息
	void cleanFile();           //清空预约记录

	//初始化容器
	void initVector();

	//学生容器
	vector<Student> vStu;

	//教师容器
	vector<Teacher> vTea;

	//检测重复 参数:(传入id，传入类型) 返回值：(true 代表有重复，false代表没有重复)
	bool checkRepeat(int id, int type);

	//机房容器
	vector<ComputerRoom> vCom;
	void initComputerRoom();    //初始化机房信息
};

（10）orderFile.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
#include <map>
#include "globalFile.h"

class OrderFile
{
public:

	//构造函数
	OrderFile();

	//更新预约记录
	void updateOrder();

	//记录的容器  key --- 记录的条数  value --- 具体记录的键值对信息
	map<int, map<string, string>> m_orderData;

	//预约记录条数
	int m_Size;
};

（11）student.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"Identity.h"
#include"globalFile.h"
#include"computerRoom.h"
#include"orderFile.h"
#include<fstream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;

class Student :public Identity
{
public:
	Student();
	Student(int id, string name, string pwd);  //有参构造

	virtual void opermenu();  //菜单界面
	void applyOrder();        //申请预约
	void showMyOrder();       //查看我的预约
	void showALLOrder();      //查看所有预约
	void cancelOrder();       //取消预约

	int m_Id;   //学生学号
	//机房容器
	vector<ComputerRoom> vCom;
};

（12）teacher.h

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include"orderFile.h"
#include"Identity.h"
#include"globalFile.h"
using namespace std;

class Teacher :public Identity
{
public:
	Teacher();
	Teacher(int empid, string name, string pwd);    //有参构造

	virtual void opermenu();   //菜单界面
	void showALLOrder();       //查看所有预约
	void validOrder();         //审核预约
	
	int m_EmpId;   //教师工号
};