牛刀小试 - C++ 学生信息管理系统

news2024/11/23 21:13:36

参考文档:

C++实现:学生管理系统(详细解析)

关于switch中的default里面的break是否可以省略这件事

需求要求:

(1)增加记录
(2)查找记录
(3)删除记录
(4)成绩修改
(5)统计分析:单科统计、课程标准差和合格率;
(6)排序功能:总分排序(从高到低),如果相同,则按学号排
序;
(7)文件操作:可以打开文件,显示班级的所有学生信息;可以将增加或修改后的成绩重新写入文件;可以将排序好的信息写入新的文件;

需求思路:

抽象处理:

  • 学科类:class Subject
  • 学生类:class Student
  • 学生列表类:class StudentList

完整代码:

StudentAdmin.h

#ifndef STUDENTADMIN_H_
#define STUDENTADMIN_H_

#include <vector>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

// 学科类
class Subject
{
public:
	string proName;		//学科名
	double proScore;	//分数

	void showCpInfo();	//显示分数
	static void showHeader(); // 显示表头
};

//学生类
class Student
{
public:
	string stuNum;		//学号
	string stuName;		//姓名
	string gender;		//性别
	int gradeNum;		//年级
	string department;	//专业
	int classNum;		//班级
	vector<Subject> cps;//学生的各个科目
	int cpNum;			//科目门数
	double score;		//平均分

	// 构造函数
	Student(){};
	Student(string stuNum, string stuName, string gender, int gradeNum, string department, int classNum, vector<Subject> cps, int cpNum, double score)
	{
		this->stuNum = stuNum;
		this->stuName = stuName;
		this->gender = gender;
		this->gradeNum = gradeNum;
		this->department = department;
		this->classNum = classNum;
		this->cps = cps;
		this->cpNum = cpNum;
		this->score = score;
	};
	void showStuInfo();	//输出属性值
	static void showHeader();	//输出表头
};

//学生列表类
class StudentList
{
public:
	StudentList(){}
	StudentList(vector<Student> stuList)
	{
		this->stuList = stuList;
	}

	void init();		//初始化
	void menu();		//主菜单
	void readFile();	//读取数据
	void writeFile();	//写入数据
	void insertList();	//添加学生信息
	void deleteList();	//删除学生信息
	void updateList();	//修改学生信息
	void selectList();	//查询学生信息
	void displayStu();	//遍历学生信息
	void displayCp();	//查询获奖信息
	void diaplayList();	//显示信息列表
	void statisticList();//统计学生数据
	void clearList();	//清空系统数据

	// 二级函数
	void doInsert();
	void doDeleteByNum();	//按学号删除
	void doDeleteByName();	//按姓名删除
	void doUpdateInfo();	//更新学生信息
	void doUpdateScore();	//更新学生成绩
	void doSelectByNum();	//按学号查询
	void doSelectByName();	//按姓名查询
	void doSortByNum();		//按学号排序
	void doSortByScore();	//按平均分排序
	void doClear();			//清理数据

	// 三级函数
	void doUpDataScoreByOne(Student &s); //基于原有成绩信息修改
	void doUpDataScoreByAll(Student &s); //清空所有科目及成绩信息
	
	//工具类函数
	static bool cmpNum(const Student& s1, const Student& s2);	//将学生列表按学号升序排列 
	static bool cmpScroe(const Student& s1, const Student& s2); //将学生列表按平均分降序排列,平均分相同的再按学号升序排列
private:
	vector<Student> stuList;
}
;
#endif

StudentAdmin.cpp

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE

#include "StudentAdmin.h"

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>	// 算法库,提供大量迭代器成员函数, sort()
#include <iomanip>		// 格式输入输出
#include <conio.h>		// 使用getch()函数
#include <windows.h>	//使用Sleep()函数

using namespace std;

void Subject::showCpInfo()
{
	cout << left << setw(45) << proName;  // 设置字段宽度为45位
	cout << left << setw(6) << proScore << endl;
}

void Subject::showHeader()
{
	cout << left << setw(45) << "科目";
	cout << left << setw(6) << "分数" << endl;
}

void Student::showStuInfo()
{
	cout << left << setw(12) << stuNum;
	cout << left << setw(10) << stuName;
	cout << left << setw(6) << gender;
	cout << left << setw(8) << gradeNum;
	cout << left << setw(23) << department;
	cout << left << setw(6) << classNum;
	cout << left << setw(6) << score << endl;
}

void Student::showHeader()
{
	cout << left << setw(12) << "学号";
	cout << left << setw(10) << "姓名";
	cout << left << setw(6) << "性别";
	cout << left << setw(8) << "年级";
	cout << left << setw(23) << "专业";
	cout << left << setw(6) << "班级";
	cout << left << setw(6) << "平均分" << endl;
}

void StudentList::init()
{
	readFile();
}

void StudentList::menu()
{

	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t\t**********欢迎来到学生成绩管理系统**********" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t你可以进行以下操作:" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             1   添加学生信息             |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             2   删除学生信息             |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             3   修改学生信息             |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             4   查询学生信息             |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             5   显示信息列表             |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             6   统计学生数据             |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             7   清空系统数据             |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             0   退出                     |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;

	bool sign = true;
	while (sign)
	{
		switch (getch())
		{
		case '1':
			insertList();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '2':
			deleteList();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '3':
			updateList();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '4':
			selectList();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '5':
			diaplayList();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '6':
			statisticList();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '7':
			clearList();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '0':
			exit(0);
			break;
		default:
			cout << "\n\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-7】:";
		}
	}
}

void StudentList::readFile()
{
	ifstream ifs("stuList.txt", ios::in);
	if (ifs)
	{
		int n = 0;	// 学生数量
		ifs >> n;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		{
			Student s;
			ifs >> s.stuNum >> s.stuName >> s.gender >> s.gradeNum >> s.department >> s.classNum >> s.cpNum >> s.score;
			for (int j = 0; j < s.cpNum; j++)
			{
				Subject cp;
				ifs >> cp.proName >> cp.proScore;
				s.cps.push_back(cp);
			}
			stuList.push_back(s);
		}
		ifs.close();
	}

}

void StudentList::writeFile()
{
	ofstream ofs("stuList.txt", ios::out);

	if (!ofs)
	{
		cout << "\t\t存档失败!程序即将自动退出 . . ." << endl;
		Sleep(3000);//睡眠3000毫秒,即停留3秒钟 
		exit(0);
	}
	ofs << stuList.size() << endl;	//写入学生数量
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		ofs << stuList[i].stuNum << " " << stuList[i].stuName << " " << stuList[i].gender
			<< " " << stuList[i].gradeNum << " " << stuList[i].department << " " << stuList[i].classNum
			<< " " << stuList[i].cpNum << " " << stuList[i].score << endl;
		for (int j = 0; j < stuList[i].cps.size(); j++)
		{
			ofs << stuList[i].cps[j].proName << " " << stuList[i].cps[j].proScore << endl;
		}
	}
	ofs.close();
}

void StudentList::insertList()
{
	
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t**********************欢迎来到添加学生信息功能*************************" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t学生基本信息一览表:" << endl;
	displayStu();
	cout << endl;
	cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t1 添加学生信息" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t请选择【1-2】:";
	bool sign = true;
	while (sign)
	{
		switch (getch())
		{
		case '1':
			doInsert();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '2':
			menu();
			sign = false;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】:";
		}
	}
}

void StudentList::deleteList()
{
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到删除学生信息功能***********************" << endl;
	string sel = "0";
	cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t1 按学号删除" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t2 按姓名删除" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";

	bool sign = true;
	while (sign)
	{
		switch (getch())
		{
		case '1':
			doDeleteByNum();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '2':
			doDeleteByName();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '3':
			menu();
			sign = false;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
		}
	}
}

void StudentList::updateList()
{
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到修改学生信息功能***********************" << endl;
	string sel = "0";
	cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t1 修改学生基本信息" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t2 修改学生成绩信息" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
	bool sign = true;
	while (sign)
	{
		switch (getch())
		{
		case '1':
			doUpdateInfo();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '2':
			doUpdateScore();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '3':
			menu();
			sign = false;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
		}

	}
}

void StudentList::selectList()
{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到查询学生信息功能************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t1 按学号查询" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t2 按姓名查询" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
		bool sign = true;
		while (sign)
		{
			switch (getch())
			{
			case '1':
				doSelectByNum();
				sign = false;
				break;
			case '2':
				doSelectByName();
				sign = false;
				break;
			case '3':
				menu();
				sign = false;
				break;
			default:
				cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
			}
		}
	}

void StudentList::displayStu()
{
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t";
	Student::showHeader();
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << "\t\t";
		stuList[i].showStuInfo();
	}
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
}

void StudentList::displayCp()
{
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t";
	cout << left << setw(12) << "学号";
	cout << left << setw(10) << "姓名";
	Subject::showHeader();
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < stuList[i].cps.size(); j++)
		{
			cout << "\t\t";
			cout << left << setw(12) << stuList[i].stuNum;
			cout << left << setw(10) << stuList[i].stuName;
			stuList[i].cps[j].showCpInfo();
		}
	}
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
}

void StudentList::diaplayList()
{
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到显示信息列表功能************************" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t表1:学生基本信息一览表" << endl;
	this->displayStu();
	cout << "\n\t\t表2:学生成绩信息一览表" << endl;
	this->displayCp();
	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回菜单" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		menu();
	}
}

void StudentList::statisticList()
{
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到统计学生数据功能************************" << endl;
	string sel = "0";
	cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t1 按学号排序" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t2 按平均分排序" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】:";
	bool sign = true;
	while (sign)
	{
		switch (getch())
		{
		case '1':
			doSortByNum();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '2':
			doSortByScore();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '3':
			menu();
			sign = false;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
		}
	}
}

void StudentList::clearList()
{
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t**************欢迎来到清空系统数据功能***************" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t1 确认清空系统数据" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t请慎重选择【1-2】:";
	bool sign = true;
	while (sign)
	{
		switch (getch())
		{
		case '1':
			doClear();
			sign = false;
			break;
		case '2':
			menu();
			sign = false;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】:";
		}
	}
}

void StudentList::doInsert()
{
	string flag = "1";
	while (flag == "1")
	{
		cout << "\n\t\t输入学生信息:" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t学号:";
		Student s;
		bool check = false;
		do
		{
			check = false;
			cin >> s.stuNum;
			for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); ++i)
			{
				if (s.stuNum == stuList[i].stuNum)
				{
					cout << "\t\t该学号已存在,请重新输入:";
					check = true;
					break;
				}

			}

		} while (check);

		cout << "\t\t姓名:";
		cin >> s.stuName;
		cout << "\t\t性别:";
		cin >> s.gender;
		cout << "\t\t年级:";
		cin >> s.gradeNum;
		cout << "\t\t专业:";
		cin >> s.department;
		cout << "\t\t班级:";
		cin >> s.classNum;

		s.score = 0;
		string option = "1";
		cout << "\t\t是否添加成绩信息?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
		cin >> option;
		while (option != "0" && option != "1")
		{
			cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
			cin >> option;
		}
		if (option == "1")
		{
			int cnt = 0;
			while (option == "1")
			{

				cnt++;
				Subject cp;
				cout << "\t\t第" << cnt << "科科目名称:";
				cin >> cp.proName;
				cout << "\t\t第" << cnt << "科科目成绩:";
				cin >> cp.proScore;
				s.cps.push_back(cp);
				cout << "\t\t该科成绩信息添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
				cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
				cin >> option;
				while (option != "0" && option != "1")
				{
					cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
					cin >> option;
				}
			}
		}

		for (int i = 0; i < s.cps.size(); i++)
		{
			s.score += s.cps[i].proScore;
		}
		if (s.cps.size() > 0) 
			s.score /= s.cps.size(); //计算平均分
		s.cpNum = s.cps.size();
		stuList.push_back(s);
		writeFile();

		cout << "\n\t\t该名学生信息添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
		cin >> flag;
		while (flag != "0" && flag != "1")
		{
			cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
			cin >> flag;
		}
	}
	insertList();	 //返回上一级
}

void StudentList::doDeleteByNum()
{
	string keyNum;
	bool flag = false;  //成功找到该学生
	cout << "\n\t\t请输入待删除学生的学号:";
	cin >> keyNum;
	for (vector<Student>::iterator it = stuList.begin(); it != stuList.end(); ++it)
	{
		if (it->stuNum == keyNum)
		{
			flag = true;
			cout << "\t\t待删除学生的信息如下:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t";
			Student::showHeader();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t";
			it->showStuInfo();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t确认删除?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
			string ch = "0";
			cin >> ch;
			while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
			{
				cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
				cin >> ch;
			}
			if (ch == "0") break;
			else
			{
				stuList.erase(it);
				writeFile();
				cout << "\t\t删除成功!" << endl;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	if (!flag) 
		cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法删除!\n" << endl;

	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回上一级" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		deleteList(); // 返回上一级
	}
}

void StudentList::doDeleteByName()
{
	string keyName;
	bool flag = false;	//成功找到该学生
	cout << "\t\t请输入待删除学生的姓名:";
	cin >> keyName;
	for (vector<Student>::iterator it = stuList.begin(); it != stuList.end(); ++it)
	{
		if (it->stuName == keyName)
		{
			flag = true;
			cout << "\t\t待删除学生的信息如下:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t";
			Student::showHeader();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t";
			it->showStuInfo();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t确认删除?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
			string ch = "0";
			cin >> ch;
			while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
			{
				cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
				cin >> ch;
			}
			if (ch == "0") break;
			else
			{
				stuList.erase(it);
				writeFile();
				cout << "\t\t删除成功!" << endl;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法删除!\n" << endl;
	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回上一级" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		deleteList(); // 返回上一级
	}
}

void StudentList::doUpdateInfo()
{
	system("cls");
	string keyNum;
	bool flag = false;	//成功找到该学生
	cout << "\n\t\t请输入待修改学生的学号:";
	cin >> keyNum;
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		if (stuList[i].stuNum == keyNum)
		{
			flag = true;
			cout << "\t\t待修改学生基本信息如下:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t";
			Student::showHeader();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t";
			stuList[i].showStuInfo();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;

			Student s = stuList[i];
			cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的学号:";
			bool check = false;
			do
			{
				check = false;
				cin >> s.stuNum;
				for (int j = 0; j < stuList.size(); j++)
				{
					if (s.stuNum == stuList[j].stuNum && i != j)
					{
						cout << "\t\t该学号已被录入,请重新输入学号:";
						check = true;
						break;
					}
				}
			} while (check);
			cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的姓名:";
			cin >> s.stuName;
			cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的性别:";
			cin >> s.gender;
			cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的年级:";
			cin >> s.gradeNum;
			cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的专业:";
			cin >> s.department;
			cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的班级:";
			cin >> s.classNum;
			cout << "\n\t\t是否确认修改?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
			string ch = "0";
			cin >> ch;
			while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
			{
				cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
				cin >> ch;
			}

			if (ch == "0") break;
			else
			{
				stuList[i] = s;
				cout << "\t\t修改成功!" << endl;
				writeFile();
				break;
			}

		}
	}
	if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法修改!\n" << endl;
	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回上一级" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		updateList(); // 返回上一级
	}
}

void StudentList::doUpdateScore()
{
	system("cls");
	string keyNum;
	bool flag = false;	//成功找到该学生
	cout << "\n\t\t请输入待修改学生的学号:";
	cin >> keyNum;
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		if (stuList[i].stuNum == keyNum)
		{
			flag = true;
			cout << "\t\t待修改学生成绩信息如下:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t";
			cout << left << setw(8) << "编号";
			Subject::showHeader();
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int j = 0; j < stuList[i].cps.size(); j++)
			{
				cout << "\t\t";
				cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
				stuList[i].cps[j].showCpInfo();
			}
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			Student s = stuList[i];

			cout << "\n\t\t请选择修改方式:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t-------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t1 基于该学生原有成绩信息进行修改" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t2 清空该学生所有科目及成绩信息" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t-------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-2】:";
			bool sign = true;
			while (sign)
			{
				switch (getch())
				{
				case '1':
					doUpDataScoreByOne(s);
					sign = false;
					break;
				case '2':
					doUpDataScoreByAll(s);
					sign = false;
					break;
				default:
					cout << "\n\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】:";
				}
			}
			// 计算平均分
			for (int i = 0; i < s.cps.size(); i++)
			{
				s.score += s.cps[i].proScore; 
			}
			if (s.cps.size() > 0)
				s.score /= s.cps.size();
			s.cpNum = s.cps.size();
			cout << "\n\t\t是否确认修改?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
			string ch = "0";
			cin >> ch;
			while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
			{
				cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
				cin >> ch;
			}
			if (ch == "0") break;
			else
			{
				stuList[i] = s;
				cout << "\t\t修改成功!" << endl;
				writeFile();
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人,无法修改!\n" << endl;
	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回上一级" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		updateList(); // 返回上一级
	}
}

void StudentList::doUpDataScoreByOne(Student &s)
{
	Subject cp;
	s.cps.clear();
	s.score = 0;
	s.cpNum = 0;
	cout << "\n\t\t输入修改后的学科成绩信息:" << endl;
	int cnt = 0;
	bool sign = true;
	while (sign)
	{
		cnt++;
		cout << "\n\t\t第" << cnt << "科科目名称:";
		cin >> cp.proName;
		cout << "\t\t第" << cnt << "科科目成绩:";
		cin >> cp.proScore;
		s.cps.push_back(cp);
		cout << "\t\t添加成功!是否继续添加?(1 是 0 否)" << endl;
		cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】:";
		string ch = "0";
		cin >> ch;
		while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
		{
			cout << "\n\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】:";
			cin >> ch;
		}
		if (ch == "0")
		{
			sign = false;
		}
	}
}

void StudentList::doUpDataScoreByAll(Student &s)
{
	s.cps.clear();
	s.score = 0;
	s.cpNum = 0;
}

void StudentList::doSelectByNum()
{
	system("cls");
	string keyNum;
	bool flag = false;
	cout << "\n\t\t请输入待查询学生的学号:";
	cin >> keyNum;
	cout << "\t\t查询结果如下:" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t基本信息:" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t";
	Student::showHeader();
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		if (stuList[i].stuNum == keyNum)
		{
			flag = true;
			cout << "\t\t";
			stuList[i].showStuInfo();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << endl;
			cout << "\t\t" << stuList[i].stuName << "成绩信息:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t";
			cout << left << setw(8) << "编号";
			Subject::showHeader();
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int j = 0; j < stuList[i].cps.size(); j++)
			{
				cout << "\t\t";
				cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
				stuList[i].cps[j].showCpInfo();
			}
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			break;
		}
	}

	if (!flag)
		cout << "\t\t查无此人!\n" << endl;
	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回上一级" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		selectList(); // 返回上一级
	}
}

void StudentList::doSelectByName()
{
	system("cls");
	string keyName;
	bool flag = false;
	cout << "\n\t\t请输入待查询联系人的姓名:";
	cin >> keyName;
	cout << "\t\t查询结果如下:" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t";
	Student::showHeader();
	cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		if (stuList[i].stuName == keyName)
		{
			flag = true;
			cout << "\t\t";
			stuList[i].showStuInfo();
			cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << endl;
			cout << "\t\t" << stuList[i].stuName << "成绩信息:" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t";
			cout << left << setw(8) << "编号";
			Subject::showHeader();
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int j = 0; j < stuList[i].cps.size(); j++)
			{
				cout << "\t\t";
				cout << left << setw(8) << j + 1;
				stuList[i].cps[j].showCpInfo();
			}
			cout << "\t\t----------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (!flag)
		cout << "\t\t查无此人!\n" << endl;
	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回上一级" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		selectList(); // 返回上一级
	}
}

void StudentList::doSortByNum()
{
	system("cls");
	sort(stuList.begin(), stuList.end(), cmpNum);
	cout << "\n\t\t按学号升序排列如下:" << endl;
	displayStu();
	int numMale = 0, numFemale = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		if (stuList[i].gender == "男") numMale++; 
		else if (stuList[i].gender == "女") numFemale++;
	}
	cout << "\t\t一共 " << stuList.size() << "人,其中男生 " << numMale << " 人,女生 " << numFemale << " 人。" << endl;

	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回上一级" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		statisticList(); // 返回上一级
	}
}

void StudentList::doSortByScore()
{
	system("cls");
	sort(stuList.begin(), stuList.end(), cmpScroe);
	cout << "\n\t\t按平均分降序排列如下:" << endl;
	displayStu();
	vector<int> scoreRange(10);
	double totalScore = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++)
	{
		totalScore += stuList[i].score;
		if (0 <= stuList[i].score && stuList[i].score < 60) scoreRange[0]++;
		else if (60 <= stuList[i].score && stuList[i].score < 70) scoreRange[1]++;
		else if (70 <= stuList[i].score && stuList[i].score < 80) scoreRange[2]++;
		else if (80 <= stuList[i].score && stuList[i].score < 90) scoreRange[3]++;
		else scoreRange[4]++;
	}
	cout << "\n\t\t60分以上 ------------ " << scoreRange[0] << " 人" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t60分 ~ 70分 --------- " << scoreRange[1] << " 人" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t70分 ~ 80分 --------- " << scoreRange[2] << " 人" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t80分 ~ 90分 --------- " << scoreRange[3] << " 人" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t90分以上 ------------ " << scoreRange[4] << " 人" << endl;
	cout << "\n\t\t所有学生平均分为:" << totalScore / stuList.size() << endl;
	cout << "\t\t" << stuList.back().gradeNum << "级" << stuList.back().department << stuList.back().classNum << "班---";
	cout << stuList.back().stuName << "平均分最低,为:" << stuList.back().score << "分" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t" << stuList.front().gradeNum << "级" << stuList.front().department << stuList.front().classNum << "班---";
	cout << stuList.front().stuName << "平均分最高,为:" << stuList.front().score << "分" << endl;

	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回上一级" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		statisticList(); // 返回上一级
	}
}

void StudentList::doClear()
{
	stuList.clear();
	cout << "\n\t\t清空成功!" << endl;
	writeFile();
	cout << "\n\t\t按任意键返回菜单" << endl;
	while (getch())
	{
		menu();
	}
}

bool StudentList::cmpNum(const Student& s1, const Student& s2)
{
	return s1.stuNum < s2.stuNum;
}

bool StudentList::cmpScroe(const Student& s1, const Student& s2)
{
	if (s1.stuNum != s2.stuNum) return s1.score > s2.score;
	else return s1.stuNum < s2.stuNum;
}

main.cpp

/*********************************************************************
程序名:
说明:
*********************************************************************/
#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>		// 使用getch()函数
#include "StudentAdmin.h"

using namespace std;

int main() {
	StudentList stuList;
	stuList.init(); //读入文件数据初始化
	stuList.menu(); //打开主菜单

	system("PAUSE");
	return 0;
}

运行示例:

(1)主界面
在这里插入图片描述

(2)增加记录

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

(3)查找记录

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

(4)删除记录
在这里插入图片描述

(5)成绩修改

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

(5)统计分析:单科统计、课程标准差和合格率;

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

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