lscpu查看cpu信息

news2024/12/23 22:38:40

$ lscpu
Architecture:            x86_64  # 架构
  CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
  Address sizes:         45 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
  Byte Order:            Little Endian # 字节序
CPU(s):                  2 # 逻辑cpu数
  On-line CPU(s) list:   0,1
Vendor ID:               GenuineIntel # cpu厂商id
  Model name:            11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1135G7 @ 2.40GHz
    CPU family:          6
    Model:               140
    Thread(s) per core:  1 # 每核线程数
    Core(s) per socket:  1 # 每cpu核心数
    Socket(s):           2 # 物理cpu个数
    Stepping:            1
    BogoMIPS:            4838.40 # 百万指令/s
    Flags:               fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb r
                         dtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon rep_good nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc cpuid tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq ss
                         se3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3
                         dnowprefetch invpcid_single pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid avx512f avx512d
                         q rdseed adx smap avx512ifma clflushopt clwb avx512cd sha_ni avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves arat avx512
                         vbmi umip avx512_vbmi2 gfni vaes vpclmulqdq avx512_vnni avx512_bitalg avx512_vpopcntdq rdpid fsrm avx512_vp2intersect flu
                         sh_l1d arch_capabilities
Virtualization features: 
  Hypervisor vendor:     VMware
  Virtualization type:   full
Caches (sum of all):     
  L1d:                   96 KiB (2 instances)
  L1i:                   64 KiB (2 instances)
  L2:                    2.5 MiB (2 instances)
  L3:                    16 MiB (2 instances)
NUMA:                    
  NUMA node(s):          1
  NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0,1
Vulnerabilities:         
  Itlb multihit:         Not affected
  L1tf:                  Mitigation; PTE Inversion
  Mds:                   Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode; SMT Host state unknown
  Meltdown:              Mitigation; PTI
  Mmio stale data:       Not affected
  Retbleed:              Mitigation; IBRS
  Spec store bypass:     Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp
  Spectre v1:            Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
  Spectre v2:            Mitigation; IBRS, IBPB conditional, RSB filling, PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected
  Srbds:                 Not affected
  Tsx async abort:       Not affected

大小端

假如现有一32位int型数 0x1234 5678，

逻辑CPU和物理CPU

socket就是主板上插cpu的槽的数目，也就是可以插入的物理CPU的个数。

core就是我们平时说的“核“，每个物理CPU可以双核，四核等等。

thread就是每个core的硬件线程数，即超线程技术（Hyper-threading， HT)

什么是超线程技术？

超线程是Intel公司提出的一种提高CPU性能的技术，就是将一个物理CPU当作两个逻辑CPU使用，使CPU可以同时执行多重线程，从而发挥更大的效率。超线程技术利用特殊的硬件指令，把两个逻辑内核模拟成两个物理芯片，让单个处理器都能使用线程级并行计算，进而兼容多线程操作系统和应用软件，减少CPU的闲置时间，提高CPU的运行效率。

逻辑CPU数量=物理cpu数量 * cpu cores * 线程数

举例来说，如果某个服务器”2 路 4 核超线程”，也就是 2 个插槽，4 核心，默认为 2 thread，也就是 242 是 16 逻辑 CPU。对操作系统来说，逻辑 CPU 的数量就是 Socket * Core * Thread。