JWT知识

news2024/12/27 10:53:14

JWT概念

JWT组成

Java实现JWT

Header

String getHeader() {
    String header = "{\"alg\":\"HS256\",\"typ\":\"JWT\"}";
    String encodeBase64URLSafeString = Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(header.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    System.out.println(encodeBase64URLSafeString);
}

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PayLoad

void getPayLoad(){
    String payload = "{\"sub\":\"7isi\",\"id\":\"1001\",\"role\":\"admin\"}";
    String encodeBase64URLSafeString = Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(payload.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    System.out.println(encodeBase64URLSafeString);
}

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Signature

@Test
void generatesignature() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException {
    String secret = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
    String data = getHeader() +"." + getPayLoad();

    Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
    SecretKeySpec spec = new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),"HmacSHA256");
    mac.init(spec);
    byte[] bytes = mac.doFinal(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    String res = Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(bytes);
    
    String jwt = data + "." + res;
    System.out.println(jwt);
}

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验证签名值

计算出来和原来的对比，我们的secreat是早就准备好的

Web中使用JWT

JJWT

依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
            <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
            <version>1.70</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

例子

生成jws