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目录
一、前言
map和set的底层原理
二、红黑树的封装
通过模板使得map和set都可复用红黑树
迭代器类
operator++()
operator--()
红黑树类
仿函数
map
set
封装后的红黑树
begin()和end()
通过仿函数来控制要比较的值
完整封装
三、map和set的封装
封装后的set
封装后的map
四、完整代码
RBTree.h
myset.h
mymap.h
一、前言
本文主要叙述基于红黑树对于map和set的封装实现,需要有红黑树的知识前提。由于前面作者对于红黑树主要只是模拟实现了插入的功能。因此本文也只是实现map和set相应的功能,本文的主要要点在于map和set的封装以及迭代器中++和--的实现。
map和set的底层原理
C++中的map和set都是STL中的关联容器,都基于红黑树实现。其中set是K模型的容器,而map是KV模型的容器,本文主要讲述用一棵KV模型的红黑树同时实现map和set。map和set都使用红黑树的基本操作,时间复杂度为O(log n),其中n为元素数量。因此,map和set都是高效的关联容器。
二、红黑树的封装
通过模板使得map和set都可复用红黑树
可以看到我们定义了一个模板参数T,通过T的类型变化来改变红黑树中每一个节点的值,从而控制整颗红黑树的复用。
enum Colour
{
RED,
BLACK
};
template<class T>
struct RBTreeNode
{
RBTreeNode<T>* _left;
RBTreeNode<T>* _right;
RBTreeNode<T>* _parent;
T _data;
Colour _col;
RBTreeNode(const T& data)
:_left(nullptr)
, _right(nullptr)
, _parent(nullptr)
, _data(data)
, _col(RED)
{}
};
迭代器类
迭代器实际上是对于指针进行操作,因此我们实例化并且重新命名了节点类的指针Node,由于迭代器分为是否常量迭代器,对此我们额外定义了两个模板参数Ref、Ptr用于控制其中重载运算符 T& operator*() 和 T* operator->()。当我们实例化时,区分Ref是const T&还是T&、Ptr是const T*还是T*。后面RBTree中会有所体现。在迭代器中,其中,operator*和operator->返回指向节点的指针,operator++和operator--实现前后缀++/--运算符,operator==和operator!=用来比较两个迭代器是否指向同一个节点。
以下为大致实现的功能:
template<class T, class Ref, class Ptr>
struct __TreeIterator
{
typedef RBTreeNode<T> Node;
typedef __TreeIterator<T, Ref, Ptr> Self;
Node* _node;
__TreeIterator(Node* node)
:_node(node)
{}
Self& operator--();
Self& operator++();
Ref operator*()
{
return _node->_data;
}
Ptr operator->()
{
return &_node->_data;
}
bool operator!=(const Self& s)
{
return _node != s._node;
}
bool operator==(const Self& s)
{
return _node == s._node;
}
};
operator++()
对于map和set的遍历我们默认都是中序遍历,也就是左子树 根 右子树。因此对于++操作我们首要的是找到下一个节点,则这个下一个节点便是在这个节点的右子树,也就是而下一个节点的准确位置为:这个节点的右子树的最左节点(为什么呢?因为左 根 右我们将这个节点看作为根,则下一个节点位置为右子树,而右子树的第一个节点则为最左的节点)。 当这个节点的右为空,意味着包括这个节点在内的左 根 右都遍历完了,那么我们就需要向上遍历。则需遵循以下:如果孩子是父亲的左就返回父亲(这就是意味着遍历完了左 接下来要遍历 根),否则就继续向上遍历,如果走到nullptr那就是遍历完成。
总结一下遍历规则:
1、如果_node的右不为空,找右孩子的最左节点
2、如果_node的右为空,如果孩子是父亲的左就返回父亲,否则就继续向上遍历,如果走到nullptr那就是遍历完成
Self& operator++()
{
if (_node->_right)
{
// 下一个就是右子树的最左节点
Node* cur = _node->_right;
while (cur->_left)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
_node = cur;
}
else
{
// 左子树 根 右子树
// 右为空,找孩子是父亲左的那个祖先
Node* cur = _node;
Node* parent = cur->_parent;
while (parent && cur == parent->_right)
{
cur = parent;
parent = parent->_parent;
}
_node = parent;
}
return *this;
}
operator--()
和上面的operator++()相似,但是我们的遍历顺序变为了右子树 根 左子树。
总结一下遍历规则:
1、如果_node的左不为空,找左孩子的最右节点
2、如果_node的左为空,如果孩子是父亲的右就返回父亲,否则就继续向上遍历,如果走到nullptr那就是遍历完成
Self& operator--()
{
if (_node->_left)
{
Node* cur = _node->_left;
while (cur->_right)
{
cur = cur->_right;
}
_node = cur;
}
else
{
Node* cur = _node;
Node* parent = cur->_parent;
while (parent && cur == parent->_left)
{
cur = parent;
parent = parent->_parent;
}
_node = parent;
}
return *this;
}
红黑树类
从之前我们所学习的红黑树的模拟实现我们可以知道,红黑树的插入等等操作中会用到对于key的比较。对此,set和map的比较要求是不同的,set可以直接用key进行比较,而map中对于pair的比较是先按first比较再比价second,而我们想要的结果是只比较first,因此我们定义了个KeyofT来对map和set进行区分。这个KeyofT则是通过传递仿函数来进行控制对于要比较值的转换。
// set->RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT> _t;
// map->RBTree<K, pair<const K, T>, MapKeyOfT> _t;
template<class K, class T, class KeyOfT>
class RBTree
{
typedef RBTreeNode<T> Node;
public:
typedef __TreeIterator<T, T&, T*> iterator;
typedef __TreeIterator<T, const T&, const T*> const_iterator;
iterator begin();
iterator end();
const_iterator begin();
const_iterator end();
//pair<iterator, bool> Insert(const T& data)
pair<Node*, bool> Insert(const T& data);
Node * Find(const K & key)
private:
Node* _root = nullptr;
};
仿函数
注意:这里的仿函数是在map和set中定义的,我们在map和set中的迭代器实际上是就是间接的控制了RBTree的迭代器。
map
struct MapKeyOfT
{
const K& operator()(const pair<K, V>& kv)
{
return kv.first;
}
};
set
struct SetKeyOfT
{
const K& operator()(const K& key)
{
return key;
}
};
封装后的红黑树
begin()和end()
STL明确规定,begin()与end()代表的是一段前闭后开的区间,而对红黑树进行中序遍历后,可以得到一个有序的序列,因此:begin()可以放在红黑树中最小节点(即最左侧节点)的位置,end()放在最大节点(最右侧节点)的下一个位置,关键是最大节点的下一个位置在哪块?能否给成nullptr呢?答案是行不通的,因为对end()位置的迭代器进行--操作,必须要能找最后一个元素,此处就不行,因此最好的方式是将end()放在头结点的位置:
虽然但是,作者还是将end()给了nullptr,事实上勉强还是可以用的哈哈哈...
iterator begin()
{
Node* cur = _root;
while (cur && cur->_left)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
return iterator(cur);
}
iterator end()
{
return iterator(nullptr);
}
const_iterator begin() const
{
Node* cur = _root;
while (cur && cur->_left)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
return const_iterator(cur);
}
const_iterator end() const
{
return const_iterator(nullptr);
}
通过仿函数来控制要比较的值
注意:这里对于insert以及find中都定义了一个KeyOfT kot; 这个就是上面所提到的用于转化用于比较的数据的仿函数的定义。
其中对于insert有点需要注意:我们运用了pair中的特性,用pair<Node*, bool>接收了make_pair(newnode, true)的返回值,用pair构造了一个新的pair而不是拷贝构造了一个pair。后续会提到为什么(在set封装中)
//pair<iterator, bool> Insert(const T& data)
pair<Node*, bool> Insert(const T& data)
{
if (_root == nullptr)
{
_root = new Node(data);
_root->_col = BLACK;
return make_pair(_root, true);
}
Node* parent = nullptr;
Node* cur = _root;
KeyOfT kot;
while (cur)
{
if (kot(cur->_data) < kot(data))
{
parent = cur;
cur = cur->_right;
}
else if (kot(cur->_data) > kot(data))
{
parent = cur;
cur = cur->_left;
}
else
{
return make_pair(cur, false);
}
}
// 新增节点给红色
cur = new Node(data);
Node* newnode = cur;
cur->_col = RED;
if (kot(parent->_data) < kot(data))
{
parent->_right = cur;
cur->_parent = parent;
}
else
{
parent->_left = cur;
cur->_parent = parent;
}
while (parent && parent->_col == RED)
{
Node* grandfather = parent->_parent;
if (parent == grandfather->_left)
{
// g
// p u
// c
Node* uncle = grandfather->_right;
if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
{
// 变色
parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
// 继续往上更新处理
cur = grandfather;
parent = cur->_parent;
}
else
{
if (cur == parent->_left)
{
// 单旋
// g
// p
// c
RotateR(grandfather);
parent->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
else
{
// 双旋
// g
// p
// c
RotateL(parent);
RotateR(grandfather);
cur->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
break;
}
}
else // parent == grandfather->_right
{
// g
// u p
// c
//
Node* uncle = grandfather->_left;
if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
{
// 变色
parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
// 继续往上处理
cur = grandfather;
parent = cur->_parent;
}
else
{
if (cur == parent->_right)
{
RotateL(grandfather);
parent->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
else
{
// g
// u p
// c
//
RotateR(parent);
RotateL(grandfather);
cur->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
break;
}
}
}
_root->_col = BLACK;
return make_pair(newnode, true);
}
Node * Find(const K & key)
{
Node* cur = _root;
KeyOfT kot;
while (cur!= nullptr)
{
if (kot(cur->_data) < key)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
else if (kot(cur->_data) > key)
{
cur = cur->_right;
}
else
{
return cur;
}
}
return nullptr;
}
完整封装
// set->RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT> _t;
// map->RBTree<K, pair<const K, T>, MapKeyOfT> _t;
template<class K, class T, class KeyOfT>
class RBTree
{
typedef RBTreeNode<T> Node;
public:
typedef __TreeIterator<T, T&, T*> iterator;
typedef __TreeIterator<T, const T&, const T*> const_iterator;
iterator begin()
{
Node* cur = _root;
while (cur && cur->_left)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
return iterator(cur);
}
iterator end()
{
return iterator(nullptr);
}
const_iterator begin() const
{
Node* cur = _root;
while (cur && cur->_left)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
return const_iterator(cur);
}
const_iterator end() const
{
return const_iterator(nullptr);
}
//pair<iterator, bool> Insert(const T& data)
pair<Node*, bool> Insert(const T& data)
{
if (_root == nullptr)
{
_root = new Node(data);
_root->_col = BLACK;
return make_pair(_root, true);
}
Node* parent = nullptr;
Node* cur = _root;
KeyOfT kot;
while (cur)
{
if (kot(cur->_data) < kot(data))
{
parent = cur;
cur = cur->_right;
}
else if (kot(cur->_data) > kot(data))
{
parent = cur;
cur = cur->_left;
}
else
{
return make_pair(cur, false);
}
}
// 新增节点给红色
cur = new Node(data);
Node* newnode = cur;
cur->_col = RED;
if (kot(parent->_data) < kot(data))
{
parent->_right = cur;
cur->_parent = parent;
}
else
{
parent->_left = cur;
cur->_parent = parent;
}
while (parent && parent->_col == RED)
{
Node* grandfather = parent->_parent;
if (parent == grandfather->_left)
{
// g
// p u
// c
Node* uncle = grandfather->_right;
if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
{
// 变色
parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
// 继续往上更新处理
cur = grandfather;
parent = cur->_parent;
}
else
{
if (cur == parent->_left)
{
// 单旋
// g
// p
// c
RotateR(grandfather);
parent->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
else
{
// 双旋
// g
// p
// c
RotateL(parent);
RotateR(grandfather);
cur->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
break;
}
}
else // parent == grandfather->_right
{
// g
// u p
// c
//
Node* uncle = grandfather->_left;
if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
{
// 变色
parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
// 继续往上处理
cur = grandfather;
parent = cur->_parent;
}
else
{
if (cur == parent->_right)
{
RotateL(grandfather);
parent->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
else
{
// g
// u p
// c
//
RotateR(parent);
RotateL(grandfather);
cur->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
break;
}
}
}
_root->_col = BLACK;
return make_pair(newnode, true);
}
void RotateL(Node* parent)
{
Node* subR = parent->_right;
Node* subRL = subR->_left;
parent->_right = subRL;
subR->_left = parent;
Node* parentParent = parent->_parent;
parent->_parent = subR;
if (subRL)
subRL->_parent = parent;
if (_root == parent)
{
_root = subR;
subR->_parent = nullptr;
}
else
{
if (parentParent->_left == parent)
{
parentParent->_left = subR;
}
else
{
parentParent->_right = subR;
}
subR->_parent = parentParent;
}
}
void RotateR(Node* parent)
{
Node* subL = parent->_left;
Node* subLR = subL->_right;
parent->_left = subLR;
if (subLR)
subLR->_parent = parent;
Node* parentParent = parent->_parent;
subL->_right = parent;
parent->_parent = subL;
if (_root == parent)
{
_root = subL;
subL->_parent = nullptr;
}
else
{
if (parentParent->_left == parent)
{
parentParent->_left = subL;
}
else
{
parentParent->_right = subL;
}
subL->_parent = parentParent;
}
}
void InOrder()
{
_InOrder(_root);
cout << endl;
}
void _InOrder(Node* root)
{
if (root == nullptr)
return;
_InOrder(root->_left);
cout << root->_kv.first << " ";
_InOrder(root->_right);
}
// 根节点->当前节点这条路径的黑色节点的数量
bool Check(Node* root, int blacknum, const int refVal)
{
if (root == nullptr)
{
//cout << balcknum << endl;
if (blacknum != refVal)
{
cout << "存在黑色节点数量不相等的路径" << endl;
return false;
}
return true;
}
if (root->_col == RED && root->_parent->_col == RED)
{
cout << "有连续的红色节点" << endl;
return false;
}
if (root->_col == BLACK)
{
++blacknum;
}
return Check(root->_left, blacknum, refVal)
&& Check(root->_right, blacknum, refVal);
}
bool IsBalance()
{
if (_root == nullptr)
return true;
if (_root->_col == RED)
return false;
//参考值
int refVal = 0;
Node* cur = _root;
while (cur)
{
if (cur->_col == BLACK)
{
++refVal;
}
cur = cur->_left;
}
int blacknum = 0;
return Check(_root, blacknum, refVal);
}
int Height()
{
return _Height(_root);
}
int _Height(Node* root)
{
if (root == nullptr)
return 0;
int leftHeight = _Height(root->_left);
int rightHeight = _Height(root->_right);
return leftHeight > rightHeight ? leftHeight + 1 : rightHeight + 1;
}
size_t Size()
{
return _Size(_root);
}
size_t _Size(Node* root)
{
if (root == NULL)
return 0;
return _Size(root->_left)
+ _Size(root->_right) + 1;
}
Node * Find(const K & key)
{
Node* cur = _root;
KeyOfT kot;
while (cur!= nullptr)
{
if (kot(cur->_data) < key)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
else if (kot(cur->_data) > key)
{
cur = cur->_right;
}
else
{
return cur;
}
}
return nullptr;
}
private:
Node* _root = nullptr;
};
三、map和set的封装
封装后的set
#pragma once
#include"RBTree.h"
namespace bit
{
template<class K>
class set
{
public:
struct SetKeyOfT
{
const K& operator()(const K& key)
{
return key;
}
};
typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::const_iterator iterator;
typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::const_iterator const_iterator;
iterator begin() const
{
return _t.begin();
}
iterator end() const
{
return _t.end();
}
pair<iterator, bool> insert(const K& key)
{
return _t.Insert(key);
}
private:
RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT> _t;
};
}
注意这段代码:
typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::const_iterator iterator; typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::const_iterator const_iterator;
其中typenam是告诉编译器这里是类型因为这里是对类模板取内嵌类型。通过set的定义我们知道set不允许被修改数值,因此我们将两个迭代器实际上都定义为const_iterator。但是这样定义其中insert又出问题了,因为其中的返回类型会出现不匹配的情况,即pair<iterator, bool> 和_t.Insert(key)不匹配。因为我们return返回的实际上是iterator,而实际上接受的类型为const_iterator。这时我们上面提到的用pair构造了一个新的pair而不是拷贝构造了一个pair就起到作用了,他使得返回的类型匹配!
当然我们也有其他的解决办法:定义一个迭代器的拷贝构造
STL库中的普通迭代器都可以转换为const迭代器,这是迭代器类的拷贝构造所支持的。
如下:
struct __TreeIterator
{
typedef RedBlackTreeNode<T> Node;
Node* _node;
typedef __TreeIterator<T,Ref,Ptr> Self;
typedef __TreeIterator<T, T&, T*> iterator;
__TreeIterator(const iterator& it)
:_node(it._node)
{}
__TreeIterator(Node* node)
:_node(node)
{}
}
封装后的map
想较于set,map的key值不可修改,但是value是可以修改的,对于他的迭代器定义按照正常的const和非const就好,但是他主要做文章的地方是在RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT> _t;中,直接将K定义为const K了。
#pragma once
#include"RBTree.h"
namespace bit
{
template<class K, class V>
class map
{
public:
struct MapKeyOfT
{
const K& operator()(const pair<K, V>& kv)
{
return kv.first;
}
};
// 对类模板取内嵌类型,加typename告诉编译器这里是类型
typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT>::iterator iterator;
typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT>::const_iterator const_iterator;
iterator begin()
{
return _t.begin();
}
iterator end()
{
return _t.end();
}
const_iterator begin() const
{
return _t.begin();
}
const_iterator end()const
{
return _t.end();
}
V& operator[](const K& key)
{
pair<iterator, bool> ret = insert(make_pair(key, V()));
return ret.first->second;
}
pair<iterator, bool> insert(const pair<K, V>& kv)
{
return _t.Insert(kv);
}
private:
RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT> _t;
};
}
四、完整代码
RBTree.h
#pragma once
// set ->key
// map ->key/value
enum Colour
{
RED,
BLACK
};
template<class T>
struct RBTreeNode
{
RBTreeNode<T>* _left;
RBTreeNode<T>* _right;
RBTreeNode<T>* _parent;
T _data;
Colour _col;
RBTreeNode(const T& data)
:_left(nullptr)
, _right(nullptr)
, _parent(nullptr)
, _data(data)
, _col(RED)
{}
};
template<class T, class Ref, class Ptr>
struct __TreeIterator
{
typedef RBTreeNode<T> Node;
typedef __TreeIterator<T, Ref, Ptr> Self;
Node* _node;
__TreeIterator(Node* node)
:_node(node)
{}
Ref operator*()
{
return _node->_data;
}
Ptr operator->()
{
return &_node->_data;
}
Self& operator--()
{
if (_node->_left)
{
Node* cur = _node->_left;
while (cur->_right)
{
cur = cur->_right;
}
_node = cur;
}
else
{
Node* cur = _node;
Node* parent = cur->_parent;
while (parent && cur == parent->_left)
{
cur = parent;
parent = parent->_parent;
}
_node = parent;
}
return *this;
}
Self& operator++()
{
if (_node->_right)
{
// 下一个就是右子树的最左节点
Node* cur = _node->_right;
while (cur->_left)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
_node = cur;
}
else
{
// 左子树 根 右子树
// 右为空,找孩子是父亲左的那个祖先
Node* cur = _node;
Node* parent = cur->_parent;
while (parent && cur == parent->_right)
{
cur = parent;
parent = parent->_parent;
}
_node = parent;
}
return *this;
}
bool operator!=(const Self& s)
{
return _node != s._node;
}
bool operator==(const Self& s)
{
return _node == s._node;
}
};
// set->RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT> _t;
// map->RBTree<K, pair<const K, T>, MapKeyOfT> _t;
template<class K, class T, class KeyOfT>
class RBTree
{
typedef RBTreeNode<T> Node;
public:
typedef __TreeIterator<T, T&, T*> iterator;
typedef __TreeIterator<T, const T&, const T*> const_iterator;
iterator begin()
{
Node* cur = _root;
while (cur && cur->_left)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
return iterator(cur);
}
iterator end()
{
return iterator(nullptr);
}
const_iterator begin() const
{
Node* cur = _root;
while (cur && cur->_left)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
return const_iterator(cur);
}
const_iterator end() const
{
return const_iterator(nullptr);
}
//pair<iterator, bool> Insert(const T& data)
pair<Node*, bool> Insert(const T& data)
{
if (_root == nullptr)
{
_root = new Node(data);
_root->_col = BLACK;
return make_pair(_root, true);
}
Node* parent = nullptr;
Node* cur = _root;
KeyOfT kot;
while (cur)
{
if (kot(cur->_data) < kot(data))
{
parent = cur;
cur = cur->_right;
}
else if (kot(cur->_data) > kot(data))
{
parent = cur;
cur = cur->_left;
}
else
{
return make_pair(cur, false);
}
}
// 新增节点给红色
cur = new Node(data);
Node* newnode = cur;
cur->_col = RED;
if (kot(parent->_data) < kot(data))
{
parent->_right = cur;
cur->_parent = parent;
}
else
{
parent->_left = cur;
cur->_parent = parent;
}
while (parent && parent->_col == RED)
{
Node* grandfather = parent->_parent;
if (parent == grandfather->_left)
{
// g
// p u
// c
Node* uncle = grandfather->_right;
if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
{
// 变色
parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
// 继续往上更新处理
cur = grandfather;
parent = cur->_parent;
}
else
{
if (cur == parent->_left)
{
// 单旋
// g
// p
// c
RotateR(grandfather);
parent->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
else
{
// 双旋
// g
// p
// c
RotateL(parent);
RotateR(grandfather);
cur->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
break;
}
}
else // parent == grandfather->_right
{
// g
// u p
// c
//
Node* uncle = grandfather->_left;
if (uncle && uncle->_col == RED)
{
// 变色
parent->_col = uncle->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
// 继续往上处理
cur = grandfather;
parent = cur->_parent;
}
else
{
if (cur == parent->_right)
{
RotateL(grandfather);
parent->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
else
{
// g
// u p
// c
//
RotateR(parent);
RotateL(grandfather);
cur->_col = BLACK;
grandfather->_col = RED;
}
break;
}
}
}
_root->_col = BLACK;
return make_pair(newnode, true);
}
void RotateL(Node* parent)
{
Node* subR = parent->_right;
Node* subRL = subR->_left;
parent->_right = subRL;
subR->_left = parent;
Node* parentParent = parent->_parent;
parent->_parent = subR;
if (subRL)
subRL->_parent = parent;
if (_root == parent)
{
_root = subR;
subR->_parent = nullptr;
}
else
{
if (parentParent->_left == parent)
{
parentParent->_left = subR;
}
else
{
parentParent->_right = subR;
}
subR->_parent = parentParent;
}
}
void RotateR(Node* parent)
{
Node* subL = parent->_left;
Node* subLR = subL->_right;
parent->_left = subLR;
if (subLR)
subLR->_parent = parent;
Node* parentParent = parent->_parent;
subL->_right = parent;
parent->_parent = subL;
if (_root == parent)
{
_root = subL;
subL->_parent = nullptr;
}
else
{
if (parentParent->_left == parent)
{
parentParent->_left = subL;
}
else
{
parentParent->_right = subL;
}
subL->_parent = parentParent;
}
}
void InOrder()
{
_InOrder(_root);
cout << endl;
}
void _InOrder(Node* root)
{
if (root == nullptr)
return;
_InOrder(root->_left);
cout << root->_kv.first << " ";
_InOrder(root->_right);
}
// 根节点->当前节点这条路径的黑色节点的数量
bool Check(Node* root, int blacknum, const int refVal)
{
if (root == nullptr)
{
//cout << balcknum << endl;
if (blacknum != refVal)
{
cout << "存在黑色节点数量不相等的路径" << endl;
return false;
}
return true;
}
if (root->_col == RED && root->_parent->_col == RED)
{
cout << "有连续的红色节点" << endl;
return false;
}
if (root->_col == BLACK)
{
++blacknum;
}
return Check(root->_left, blacknum, refVal)
&& Check(root->_right, blacknum, refVal);
}
bool IsBalance()
{
if (_root == nullptr)
return true;
if (_root->_col == RED)
return false;
//参考值
int refVal = 0;
Node* cur = _root;
while (cur)
{
if (cur->_col == BLACK)
{
++refVal;
}
cur = cur->_left;
}
int blacknum = 0;
return Check(_root, blacknum, refVal);
}
int Height()
{
return _Height(_root);
}
int _Height(Node* root)
{
if (root == nullptr)
return 0;
int leftHeight = _Height(root->_left);
int rightHeight = _Height(root->_right);
return leftHeight > rightHeight ? leftHeight + 1 : rightHeight + 1;
}
size_t Size()
{
return _Size(_root);
}
size_t _Size(Node* root)
{
if (root == NULL)
return 0;
return _Size(root->_left)
+ _Size(root->_right) + 1;
}
Node * Find(const K & key)
{
Node* cur = _root;
KeyOfT kot;
while (cur!= nullptr)
{
if (kot(cur->_data) < key)
{
cur = cur->_left;
}
else if (kot(cur->_data) > key)
{
cur = cur->_right;
}
else
{
return cur;
}
}
return nullptr;
}
private:
Node* _root = nullptr;
};
myset.h
pragma once
#include"RBTree.h"
namespace bit
{
template<class K>
class set
{
public:
struct SetKeyOfT
{
const K& operator()(const K& key)
{
return key;
}
};
typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::const_iterator iterator;
typedef typename RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT>::const_iterator const_iterator;
iterator begin() const
{
return _t.begin();
}
iterator end() const
{
return _t.end();
}
pair<iterator, bool> insert(const K& key)
{
return _t.Insert(key);
}
private:
RBTree<K, K, SetKeyOfT> _t;
};
}
mymap.h
#pragma once
#include"RBTree.h"
namespace bit
{
template<class K, class V>
class map
{
public:
struct MapKeyOfT
{
const K& operator()(const pair<K, V>& kv)
{
return kv.first;
}
};
// 对类模板取内嵌类型,加typename告诉编译器这里是类型
typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT>::iterator iterator;
typedef typename RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT>::const_iterator const_iterator;
iterator begin()
{
return _t.begin();
}
iterator end()
{
return _t.end();
}
const_iterator begin() const
{
return _t.begin();
}
const_iterator end()const
{
return _t.end();
}
V& operator[](const K& key)
{
pair<iterator, bool> ret = insert(make_pair(key, V()));
return ret.first->second;
}
pair<iterator, bool> insert(const pair<K, V>& kv)
{
return _t.Insert(kv);
}
private:
RBTree<K, pair<const K, V>, MapKeyOfT> _t;
};
}
感谢你耐心的看到这里ღ( ´・ᴗ・` )比心,如有哪里有错误请踢一脚作者o(╥﹏╥)o!
给个三连再走嘛~