经常会遇到一种场景，那就是有一个一维向量，我们要找到其中所有大于设定阈值的片段。就好比电路中有高代电平，我们要找连续的高电平段或低电平：

如上图，我们只要标红的高电平，对应代码：

import numpy as np

def extract_segments(v, a):
    """v是向量，a是我们设定的阈值

    Args:
        v (_type_): _description_
        a (_type_): _description_

    Returns:
        _type_: _description_
    """
    segments = []
    current_segment = []
    for i in range(len(v)):
        if v[i] > a:
            current_segment.append(v[i])
        else:
            if len(current_segment) > 0:
                segments.append(current_segment)
                current_segment = []
    if len(current_segment) > 0:
        segments.append(current_segment)
    return segments

测试结果：