报错： 这个错误信息表明你的容器运行时（container runtime）没有正常运行，具体是因为CRI（容器运行时接口）v1版本的API没有为特定的端点实现。这通常发生在使用containerd作为容器运行时时。错误信息中提到的端点是

   [ERROR CRI]: container runtime is not running: output: time="2023-12-01T23:30:36+08:00" level=fatal msg="validate service connection: CRI v1 runtime API is not implemented for endpoint \"unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock\": rpc error: code = Unimplemented desc = unknown service runtime.v1.RuntimeService"

解决：我是这么解决的

1.检查containerd服务状态：首先确保containerd服务已经启动并且运行中。你可以使用以下命令来检查服务状态：udo systemctl status containerd  没启动的话启动

2.检查配置文件：确认containerd的配置文件（通常位于/etc/containerd/config.toml）是否正确配置了CRI插件。如果没有，你可能需要启用CRI插件并指定正确的API版本。

我修改了配置文件就好了 vim /etc/containerd/config.toml

disabled_plugins = []
imports = []
oom_score = 0
plugin_dir = ""
required_plugins = []
root = "/var/lib/containerd"
state = "/run/containerd"
temp = ""
version = 2
 
[cgroup]
  path = ""
 
[debug]
  address = ""
  format = ""
  gid = 0
  level = ""
  uid = 0
 
[grpc]
  address = "/run/containerd/containerd.sock"
  gid = 0
  max_recv_message_size = 16777216
  max_send_message_size = 16777216
  tcp_address = ""
  tcp_tls_ca = ""
  tcp_tls_cert = ""
  tcp_tls_key = ""
  uid = 0
 
[metrics]
  address = ""
  grpc_histogram = false
 
[plugins]
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.gc.v1.scheduler"]
    deletion_threshold = 0
    mutation_threshold = 100
    pause_threshold = 0.02
    schedule_delay = "0s"
    startup_delay = "100ms"
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]
    device_ownership_from_security_context = false
    disable_apparmor = false
    disable_cgroup = false
    disable_hugetlb_controller = true
    disable_proc_mount = false
    disable_tcp_service = true
    enable_selinux = false
    enable_tls_streaming = false
    enable_unprivileged_icmp = false
    enable_unprivileged_ports = false
    ignore_image_defined_volumes = false
    max_concurrent_downloads = 3
    max_container_log_line_size = 16384
    netns_mounts_under_state_dir = false
    restrict_oom_score_adj = false
    sandbox_image = "registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.7"
    selinux_category_range = 1024
    stats_collect_period = 10
    stream_idle_timeout = "4h0m0s"
    stream_server_address = "127.0.0.1"
    stream_server_port = "0"
    systemd_cgroup = false
    tolerate_missing_hugetlb_controller = true
    unset_seccomp_profile = ""
 
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".cni]
      bin_dir = "/opt/cni/bin"
      conf_dir = "/etc/cni/net.d"
      conf_template = ""
      ip_pref = ""
      max_conf_num = 1
 
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd]
      default_runtime_name = "runc"
      disable_snapshot_annotations = true
      discard_unpacked_layers = false
      ignore_rdt_not_enabled_errors = false
      no_pivot = false
      snapshotter = "overlayfs"
 
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""
 
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime.options]
 
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes]
 
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
          base_runtime_spec = ""
          cni_conf_dir = ""
          cni_max_conf_num = 0
          container_annotations = []
          pod_annotations = []
          privileged_without_host_devices = false
          runtime_engine = ""
          runtime_path = ""
          runtime_root = ""
          runtime_type = "io.containerd.runc.v2"
 
          [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
            BinaryName = ""
            CriuImagePath = ""
            CriuPath = ""
            CriuWorkPath = ""
            IoGid = 0
            IoUid = 0
            NoNewKeyring = false
            NoPivotRoot = false
            Root = ""
            ShimCgroup = ""
            SystemdCgroup = true
 
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""
 
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime.options]
 
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".image_decryption]
      key_model = "node"
 
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
      config_path = ""
 
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.auths]
 
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs."192.168.40.62".tls]
            insecure_skip_verify = true
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs."192.168.40.62".auth]
            username = "admin"
            password = "Harbor12345"
 
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.headers]
 
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]
         [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."192.168.40.62"]
            endpoint = ["https://192.168.40.62:443"]
          [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]
             endpoint = ["https://vh3bm52y.mirror.aliyuncs.com","https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
 
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".x509_key_pair_streaming]
      tls_cert_file = ""
      tls_key_file = ""
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.opt"]
    path = "/opt/containerd"
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.restart"]
    interval = "10s"
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.tracing"]
    sampling_ratio = 1.0
    service_name = "containerd"
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.metadata.v1.bolt"]
    content_sharing_policy = "shared"
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.monitor.v1.cgroups"]
    no_prometheus = false
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux"]
    no_shim = false
    runtime = "runc"
    runtime_root = ""
    shim = "containerd-shim"
    shim_debug = false
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v2.task"]
    platforms = ["linux/amd64"]
    sched_core = false
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.diff-service"]
    default = ["walking"]
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.tasks-service"]
    rdt_config_file = ""
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.aufs"]
    root_path = ""
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.btrfs"]
    root_path = ""
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.devmapper"]
    async_remove = false
    base_image_size = ""
    discard_blocks = false
    fs_options = ""
    fs_type = ""
    pool_name = ""
    root_path = ""
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.native"]
    root_path = ""
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.overlayfs"]
    root_path = ""
    upperdir_label = false
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.zfs"]
    root_path = ""
 
  [plugins."io.containerd.tracing.processor.v1.otlp"]
    endpoint = ""
    insecure = false
    protocol = ""
 
[proxy_plugins]
 
[stream_processors]
 
  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar"
 
  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar.gzip"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip"
 
[timeouts]
  "io.containerd.timeout.bolt.open" = "0s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.cleanup" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.load" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.shutdown" = "3s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.task.state" = "2s"
 
[ttrpc]
  address = ""
  gid = 0
  uid = 0

重启containerd服务：在更改任何配置或更新软件包后，你需要重启containerd服务：

查看日志：查看containerd的日志可能会提供更多的信息，以帮助诊断问题。使用以下命令查看日志：journalctl -u containerd

在执行 kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml --ignore-preflight-errors=SystemVerification 就好了

kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml --ignore-preflight-errors=SystemVerification

别的解决方法有：卸载重新安装

 #kubelet 配置文件 /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
 #重载配置 systemctl daemon-reload 
 #重新安装 kubeadm reset  
 卸载重新安装 yum  remove  -y  kubelet-1.26.0 kubeadm-1.26.0 kubectl-1.26.0
 yum  install -y kubelet-1.26.0 kubeadm-1.26.0 kubectl-1.26.0
 systemctl enable kubelet
 systemctl restart containerd
  kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm.yaml
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml --ignore-preflight-errors=SystemVerification