conda环境下 ERROR: CMake must be installed to build dlib问题解决

1 问题描述

pip install -r requirements.txt

在构建video_retalking项目过程中，使用命令安装依赖包时，出现如下错误：

Building wheels for collected packages: face-alignment, dlib, ffmpy, future
  Building wheel for face-alignment (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for face-alignment: filename=face_alignment-1.3.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl size=27844 sha256=1099ac2f57890d2e4d94b972703f5a6ccf487376bad7cd60ee7a00c6f84736e9
  Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/da/f8/cf/6ba533b36b381bf8f2ed87d82b95e5097c4f2ca9aab1acb8cf
  Building wheel for dlib (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [7 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      running build_ext
      
      ERROR: CMake must be installed to build dlib
      
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for dlib
  Running setup.py clean for dlib
  Building wheel for ffmpy (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for ffmpy: filename=ffmpy-0.3.1-py3-none-any.whl size=5579 sha256=61354e3c970907807c38694ea3da2a6183ac05bf4497ed85eac27222e15cf2a9
  Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/0f/7f/ad/15fba8ee0656ffade5c40beace0c545743e91060c8af30efc9
  Building wheel for future (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for future: filename=future-0.18.3-py3-none-any.whl size=492024 sha256=f2792f6ac146614217f9fd5808a2025c68f1fc8c4785c5486eec94e4404ba96e
  Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/07/14/8c/1cb73be9422f7e071f24ed77cb8e51eb87ac17e6fc06640715
Successfully built face-alignment ffmpy future
Failed to build dlib
ERROR: Could not build wheels for dlib, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

2 问题分析

从异常信息可以看出，安装dlib是需要cmake，使用命令安装cmake

yum install cmake

安装完成后，再次运行出现如下错误：

Building wheels for collected packages: dlib
  Building wheel for dlib (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [68 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      running build_ext
      Building extension for Python 3.8.18 | packaged by conda-forge | (default, Oct 10 2023, 15:44:36)
      Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake /tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/tools/python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=/tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/bin/python3.8 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release'
      -- The C compiler identification is unknown
      CMake Error at /usr/share/cmake/Modules/CMakeDetermineCXXCompiler.cmake:55 (message):
        Could not find compiler set in environment variable CXX:
      
        g++.
      
      Call Stack (most recent call first):
        CMakeLists.txt:14 (project)
      
      
      CMake Error: Error required internal CMake variable not set, cmake may be not be built correctly.
      Missing variable is:
      CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ENV_VAR
      CMake Error: Error required internal CMake variable not set, cmake may be not be built correctly.
      Missing variable is:
      CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER
      CMake Error: Could not find cmake module file: /tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/CMakeFiles/2.8.12.2/CMakeCXXCompiler.cmake
      CMake Error: your C compiler: "CMAKE_C_COMPILER-NOTFOUND" was not found.   Please set CMAKE_C_COMPILER to a valid compiler path or name.
      CMake Error: CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER not set, after EnableLanguage
      -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
      See also "/tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
      See also "/tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-38/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 2, in <module>
        File "<pip-setuptools-caller>", line 34, in <module>
        File "/tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/setup.py", line 222, in <module>
          setup(
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 103, in setup
          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 185, in setup
          return run_commands(dist)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 201, in run_commands
          dist.run_commands()
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 969, in run_commands
          self.run_command(cmd)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 989, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 368, in run
          self.run_command("build")
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py", line 318, in run_command
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 989, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/command/build.py", line 131, in run
          self.run_command(cmd_name)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/cmd.py", line 318, in run_command
          self.distribution.run_command(command)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 989, in run_command
          super().run_command(command)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/dist.py", line 988, in run_command
          cmd_obj.run()
        File "/tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/setup.py", line 134, in run
          self.build_extension(ext)
        File "/tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/setup.py", line 171, in build_extension
          subprocess.check_call(cmake_setup, cwd=build_folder)
        File "/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 364, in check_call
          raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
      subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', '/tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/tools/python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=/tmp/pip-install-92e1e42i/dlib_b04bbb8202ab4a81b4fd32bf1517ed88/build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-38', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/root/anaconda3/envs/retalking/bin/python3.8', '-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for dlib
  Running setup.py clean for dlib
Failed to build dlib
ERROR: Could not build wheels for dlib, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

3 问题解决

yum install -y cmake
yum install -y make
yum install -y gcc
yum install -y gcc-c++

注意：安装完成后，要重新连接shell，再次运行依赖安装命令

pip install -r requirements.txt

不再报错，问题解决。

4 conda环境介绍

Conda是一个开源的包管理器和环境管理系统，用于安装、运行和更新包和其依赖项。它是由Anaconda, Inc.（以前称为Continuum Analytics）创建，用于支持Python程序开发，但它也可以用来管理来自其他语言的包。Conda使得包管理和环境隔离变得简单，对于处理多个项目中的依赖关系和版本控制尤其有用。