(欧拉)openEuler系统添加网卡文件配置流程、(欧拉)openEuler系统手动配置ipv6地址流程、(欧拉)openEuler系统网络管理说明

文章目录

系统说明
openEuler23.03系统手动配置ip流程
- 修改名称
- 生成网卡配置文件【openEuler23.03系统添加网卡文件配置流程】
- 手动指定ip
- 添加ipv6地址
- 修改配置文件信息和名称
- 删除创建的网卡信息
- 重启网卡生效并测试
openEuler23.03系统网络管理说明

系统说明

我这用云上最小化安装的openEuler23.03系统为例，其他细版本同理

[root@openeuler ~]# cat /etc/openEuler-release
openEuler release 23.03
[root@openeuler ~]#

openEuler23.03系统手动配置ip流程

修改名称

新创建的虚拟机，nmcli con命令看到的NAME和网卡名称可能不是一致的，此时就需要将NAME手动修改为和DEVICE一致，否则可能会出问题

[root@openeuler ~]# nmcli con show
NAME             UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
cloud-init ens3  fbc49833-4cdb-548b-a293-c38b39836fdb  ethernet  ens3
[root@openeuler ~]# nmcli con modify 'cloud-init ens3' con-name ens3
[root@openeuler ~]# nmcli con show
NAME  UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
ens3  fbc49833-4cdb-548b-a293-c38b39836fdb  ethernet  ens3
[root@openeuler ~]#

可以看到，默认情况下，网卡配置文件中没有网卡文件，如果手动直接vi添加，可能会出各种问题，需要用nmcli命令添加

[root@openeuler ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# ls
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#

我这做了上面操作以后，没几分钟ssh掉了，后台查看发现ip丢了，重启了下网络服务恢复正常。
经过排查，是因为虚拟机没有固定IP，所以过一会ip就会掉，固定IP以后该问题消失。

生成网卡配置文件【openEuler23.03系统添加网卡文件配置流程】

我们用nmcli命令创建一个自命名的网卡文件，这样网卡配置文件下就会自动生成一个文件了

root@openeuler network-scripts]# nmcli con
NAME  UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
ens3  fbc49833-4cdb-548b-a293-c38b39836fdb  ethernet  ens3
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# nmcli con add type ethernet con-name ens3.bak ifname eth3.bak
Connection 'ens3.bak' (8f62c526-ff97-4706-983d-7a071be677cc) successfully added.
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# nmcli con
NAME      UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
ens3      fbc49833-4cdb-548b-a293-c38b39836fdb  ethernet  ens3
ens3.bak  8f62c526-ff97-4706-983d-7a071be677cc  ethernet  --
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens3.bak
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens3.bak
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens3.bak
UUID=8f62c526-ff97-4706-983d-7a071be677cc
DEVICE=eth3.bak
ONBOOT=yes
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#

手动指定ip

给刚才创建的配置文件手动指定ip，直接用nmcli命令简单些

[root@openeuler network-scripts]#
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# nmcli con modify ens3.bak ipv4.addresses "11.22.33.82/24" ipv4.gateway "11.22.33.254" ipv4.method manual
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# ls
ifcfg-ens3.bak
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens3.bak
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens3.bak
UUID=8f62c526-ff97-4706-983d-7a071be677cc
DEVICE=eth3.bak
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=11.22.33.82
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=11.22.33.254
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#

添加ipv6地址

直接vi刚才的配置文件，在最后面添加v6的配置信息即可【bclinux添加v6信息也一样，都是下面新增部分内容】
- v6地址：IPV6ADDR=2409:818e:38cc:114::219
- v6网关：IPV6_DEFAULTGW=2409:818e:38cc:114::201

[root@openeuler network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-ens3.bak
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens3.bak
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens3.bak
UUID=b232667c-c868-4bd5-91cb-0847fa6e3768
DEVICE=ens3.bak
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=11.22.33.82
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=11.22.33.254


#-----IPv6------
IPV6_AUTOCONF=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6ADDR=2409:818e:38cc:114::219
IPV6_DEFAULTGW=2409:818e:38cc:114::201
DHCPV6C=none
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#

修改配置文件信息和名称

执行nmcli复制真实网卡的uuid名称。
配置文件修改3个地方
- NAME=ens3.bak 【去掉.bak，和真实的保持一致】
- UUID=b232667c-c868-4bd5-91cb-0847fa6e3768【修改为真实的uuid】
- DEVICE=ens3【去掉.bak，和真实的保持一致】
修改后如下【uuid不要注释后加一行，执行当行修改，我是为了让你们容易理解才新增一行的】

[root@openeuler network-scripts]# nmcli con
NAME      UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
ens3      fbc49833-4cdb-548b-a293-c38b39836fdb  ethernet  ens3
ens3.bak  aa6cbcde-5a9a-4870-b879-37ab51ea05b2  ethernet  --
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-ens3.bak
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# mv ifcfg-ens3.bak ifcfg-ens3
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens3
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens3
#UUID=b232667c-c868-4bd5-91cb-0847fa6e3768
UUID=fbc49833-4cdb-548b-a293-c38b39836fdb
DEVICE=ens3
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=11.22.33.82
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=11.22.33.254


#-----IPv6------
IPV6_AUTOCONF=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6ADDR=2409:818e:38cc:114::219
IPV6_DEFAULTGW=2409:818e:38cc:114::201
DHCPV6C=none
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#

删除创建的网卡信息

如下，直接删除

[root@openeuler ~]# nmcli con
NAME      UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
ens3      fbc49833-4cdb-548b-a293-c38b39836fdb  ethernet  ens3
ens3.bak  aa6cbcde-5a9a-4870-b879-37ab51ea05b2  ethernet  --
[root@openeuler ~]#
[root@openeuler ~]#
[root@openeuler ~]# nmcli con delete ens3.bak
Connection 'ens3.bak' (aa6cbcde-5a9a-4870-b879-37ab51ea05b2) successfully deleted.
[root@openeuler ~]# nmcli con
NAME  UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE
ens3  fbc49833-4cdb-548b-a293-c38b39836fdb  ethernet  ens3
[root@openeuler ~]#

重启网卡生效并测试

重启命令有2个
- 方式1：systemctl restart NetworkManager
- 方式2：nmcli con down ens3 && nmcli con up ens3

[root@openeuler network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether fa:16:3e:45:76:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 11.22.33.82/24 brd 11.22.33.255 scope global noprefixroute ens3
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::8c94:3fab:23a7:89/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether fa:16:3e:45:76:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 11.22.33.82/24 brd 11.22.33.255 scope global noprefixroute ens3
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 2409:818e:38cc:114::219/64 scope global noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::8c94:3fab:23a7:89/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# nmcli con down ens3 && nmcli con up ens3
Connection 'ens3' successfully deactivated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1)
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/2)
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether fa:16:3e:45:76:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 11.22.33.82/24 brd 11.22.33.255 scope global noprefixroute ens3
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 2409:818e:38cc:114::219/64 scope global noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::8c94:3fab:23a7:89/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#
[root@openeuler network-scripts]# ping6 2409:818e:38cc:114::201
PING 2409:818e:38cc:114::201(2409:818e:38cc:114::201) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 2409:818e:38cc:114::201: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=17.9 ms
64 bytes from 2409:818e:38cc:114::201: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=2.31 ms
^C
--- 2409:818e:38cc:114::201 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.311/10.080/17.850/7.769 ms
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#

ssh没断，说明ipv4是没问题的，我这直接ping6地址的网关，通了就证明配置一切正常

[root@openeuler network-scripts]# ping6 2409:818e:38cc:114::201
PING 2409:818e:38cc:114::201(2409:818e:38cc:114::201) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 2409:818e:38cc:114::201: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=17.9 ms
64 bytes from 2409:818e:38cc:114::201: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=2.31 ms
^C
--- 2409:818e:38cc:114::201 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.311/10.080/17.850/7.769 ms
[root@openeuler network-scripts]#