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阿里云 OSS 介绍

阿里云对象存储 OSS （Object Storage Service），是一款海量、安全、低成本、高可靠的云存储服务。使用 OSS，你可以通过网络随时存储和调用包括文本、图片、音频和视频等在内的各种文件。

准备工作

1. 登录阿里云后进入阿里云控制台首页选择 对象存储 OSS 服务

2. 开通服务

3. 创建Bucket

填写 bucket 名称 & 选存储空间归属的地域 & 选择读写权限为（公共读）

4. 获取密钥

创建 AccessKey

保存 AccessKey ID 和 AccessKey Secret

SpringBoot 集成 OSS

可以参考 官网 SDK 文档

1. 导入 maven 坐标

<dependency>
	<groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
	<artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
	<version>${aliyun.sdk.oss}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
    <version>${jaxb-api}</version>
</dependency>

如果是 Java 9 及以上版本，还需要导入其他坐标

2. 在 yml 中添加配置

对应的配置类

3. 编写 AliOssUtil

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@Slf4j
public class AliOssUtil {

    private String endpoint;
    private String accessKeyId;
    private String accessKeySecret;
    private String bucketName;

    /**
     * 文件上传
     *
     * @param bytes
     * @param objectName
     * @return
     */
    public String upload(byte[] bytes, String objectName) {

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);

        try {
            // 创建PutObject请求。
            ossClient.putObject(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }

        //文件访问路径规则 https://BucketName.Endpoint/ObjectName
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder("https://");
        stringBuilder
                .append(bucketName)
                .append(".")
                .append(endpoint)
                .append("/")
                .append(objectName);

        log.info("文件上传到:{}", stringBuilder.toString());

        return stringBuilder.toString();
    }
}

4. 配置 OSS Configuration

/**
 * 配置类，用于创建AliOssUtil对象
 */
@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class OssConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public AliOssUtil aliOssUtil(AliOssProperties aliOssProperties){

        log.info("开始创建阿里云文件上传工具类对象：{}", aliOssProperties);
        return new AliOssUtil(aliOssProperties.getEndpoint(),
                aliOssProperties.getAccessKeyId(),
                aliOssProperties.getAccessKeySecret(),
                aliOssProperties.getBucketName());

    }
}

5. 编写通用上传文件接口

/**
 * 通用接口
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/admin/common")
@Api(tags = "通用接口")
@Slf4j
public class CommonController {

    @Autowired
    private AliOssUtil aliOssUtil;

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    @ApiOperation("文件上传")
    public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file){
        log.info("文件上传：{}", file);

        try {
            // 原始文件名
            String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
            // 后缀
            String extension = originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));
            String objectName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + extension;
            // 文件的请求路径
            String filePath = aliOssUtil.upload(file.getBytes(), objectName);
            return Result.success(filePath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("文件上传失败：{}", e);
        }

        return Result.error(MessageConstant.UPLOAD_FAILED);
    }
}

6. 上传文件到 OSS

从前端调用上面的上传文件的接口，就可以将文件上传到 OSS 上，并且获取到访问 OSS 文件路径的 URL 地址。