Java开发-WebSocket

news2024/11/15 11:02:59

WebSocket是基于TCP的一种新的网络协议。它实现了浏览器与服务器全双工通信-浏览器和服务器只需要完成一次握手，两者之间就可以创建持久性的连接，并实现双向数据传输。

使用

导入maven坐标

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>

前端页面

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>WebSocket Demo</title>
</head>
<body>
    <input id="text" type="text" />
    <button onclick="send()">发送消息</button>
    <button onclick="closeWebSocket()">关闭连接</button>
    <div id="message">
    </div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var websocket = null;
    var clientId = Math.random().toString(36).substr(2);

    //判断当前浏览器是否支持WebSocket
    if('WebSocket' in window){
        //连接WebSocket节点
        websocket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/ws/"+clientId);
    }
    else{
        alert('Not support websocket')
    }

    //连接发生错误的回调方法
    websocket.onerror = function(){
        setMessageInnerHTML("error");
    };

    //连接成功建立的回调方法
    websocket.onopen = function(){
        setMessageInnerHTML("连接成功");
    }

    //接收到消息的回调方法
    websocket.onmessage = function(event){
        setMessageInnerHTML(event.data);
    }

    //连接关闭的回调方法
    websocket.onclose = function(){
        setMessageInnerHTML("close");
    }

    //监听窗口关闭事件，当窗口关闭时，主动去关闭websocket连接，防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口，server端会抛异常。
    window.onbeforeunload = function(){
        websocket.close();
    }

    //将消息显示在网页上
    function setMessageInnerHTML(innerHTML){
        document.getElementById('message').innerHTML += innerHTML + '<br/>';
    }

    //发送消息
    function send(){
        var message = document.getElementById('text').value;
        websocket.send(message);
    }
	
	//关闭连接
    function closeWebSocket() {
        websocket.close();
    }
</script>
</html>

后端Server

 package com.sky.websocket;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.websocket.OnClose;
import javax.websocket.OnMessage;
import javax.websocket.OnOpen;
import javax.websocket.Session;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * WebSocket服务
 */
@Component
@ServerEndpoint("/ws/{sid}")
public class WebSocketServer {

    //存放会话对象
    private static Map<String, Session> sessionMap = new HashMap();

    /**
     * 连接建立成功调用的方法
     */
    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("sid") String sid) {
        System.out.println("客户端：" + sid + "建立连接");
        sessionMap.put(sid, session);
    }

    /**
     * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法
     *
     * @param message 客户端发送过来的消息
     */
    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message, @PathParam("sid") String sid) {
        System.out.println("收到来自客户端：" + sid + "的信息:" + message);
    }

    /**
     * 连接关闭调用的方法
     *
     * @param sid
     */
    @OnClose
    public void onClose(@PathParam("sid") String sid) {
        System.out.println("连接断开:" + sid);
        sessionMap.remove(sid);
    }

    /**
     * 群发
     *
     * @param message
     */
    public void sendToAllClient(String message) {
        Collection<Session> sessions = sessionMap.values();
        for (Session session : sessions) {
            try {
                //服务器向客户端发送消息
                session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}

编写配置类

package com.sky.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;

/**
 * WebSocket配置类，用于注册WebSocket的Bean
 */
@Configuration
public class WebSocketConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() {
        return new ServerEndpointExporter();
    }
}

定时任务类

package com.sky.task;

import com.sky.websocket.WebSocketServer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

@Component
public class WebSocketTask {
    @Autowired
    private WebSocketServer webSocketServer;

    /**
     * 通过WebSocket每隔5秒向客户端发送消息
     */
    @Scheduled(cron = "0/5 * * * * ?")
    public void sendMessageToClient() {
        webSocketServer.sendToAllClient("这是来自服务端的消息：" + DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss").format(LocalDateTime.now()));
    }
}

测试成功：

public void onActivityResult(ActivityResult result) {
    if (result != null) {
        Intent data = result.getData();
        if (data != null && result.getResultCode() == RESULT_OK) {
            boolean isCheated = data.getBooleanExtra(CheatActivity.IS_CHEATED, false);
            if (isCheated) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "使用答案提示", LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "没有使用答案提示", LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "从CheatAcitivity返回", LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}