一、需求说明

需要达到如下效果：根据需求导出word文档，在模板中渲染不通的参数图片

二、制作模板文件

1.修改word留下占位符并另存为.xml文件

此处我的占位符为username

2.将xml文件后缀名改为.ftl

3.打开ftl文件格式化内容

格式化地址：http://www.bejson.com/otherformat/xmlsort

4.将占位符替换成变量

需要会使用freemarker语法
将占位符替换成freemarker变量

三、代码实现

1.引入依赖

自行更改自己的依赖版本

<!--freemarker使用start-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--freemarker使用end-->

2.将模板引入resource下

3.编写word导出工具包

import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * word导出工具
 */
@Slf4j
public class WordUtils {
    private static Configuration configuration = null;//配置

    private static  String templateFolder;

    static {
        templateFolder = WordUtils.class.getResource("/templates").getPath();
        configuration = new Configuration();
        configuration.setDefaultEncoding("utf-8");
        try {
            log.info("模板配置路径:" + templateFolder);
            configuration.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new File(templateFolder));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private WordUtils() {
        throw new AssertionError();
    }

    /**
     * 导出word
     *
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @param map      参数
     * @param wordName 模板名，示例xxx.ftl
     * @param fileName 要到处的word文件名称,示例:test.doc
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void exportMillCertificateWord(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Map map, String wordName, String fileName) throws IOException {
        Template freemarkerTemplate = configuration.getTemplate(wordName);
        File file = null;
        InputStream fin = null;
        ServletOutputStream out = null;
        String uuName=UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        try {
            // 调用createDoc方法生成Word文档
            file = createDoc(map, freemarkerTemplate, uuName);
            fin = new FileInputStream(file);
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            response.setContentType("application/x-download");
            fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes(), "ISO-8859-1");
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=".concat(String.valueOf(fileName)));
            out = response.getOutputStream();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[512];// 缓冲区
            int bytesToRead = -1;
            // 通过循环将读入的Word文件的内容输出到浏览器中
            while ((bytesToRead = fin.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                out.write(buffer, 0, bytesToRead);
            }
        } finally {
            if (fin != null) fin.close();
            if (out != null) out.close();
            if (file != null) file.delete();// 删除临时文件
        }
    }

    private static File createDoc(Map<?, ?> dataMap, Template template, String name) {
        File f = new File(name);
        Template t = template;
        try {
            //这个地方不能使用FileWriter因为需要指定编码类型否则生成的Word文档会因为有无法识别的编码而无法打开
            Writer w = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(f), "utf-8");
            t.process(dataMap, w);
            w.close();
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        }
        return f;
    }
}

4.创建接口调用

/**
 * 打印导出
 * @param dclx 导出类型：zhdy桌号打印、dzddy对照单打印、zkzdy准考证打印
 */
@RequestMapping(value = "xxxxxForWord")
public void xxxxxForWord(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) throws IOException {
		//封装word需要的数据
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("teachers",list);
        //模板名
        String wordName="teacher.ftl";
        //导出文件名
        String fileName="invite_teacher_"+System.currentTimeMillis()+".doc";
        WordUtils.exportMillCertificateWord(request, response, map, wordName, fileName);
}