English Learning - L1-4 从此没有不会的表达(下) 2022.12.15 周四
- 5 动名词
- 5.1 动名词都有什么作用
- 作主语
- 做表语
- 做定语
- 动名词做定语有啥讲究?
- 做宾语
- 5.2 动名词的复合结构---成功加入动名词自己的主语
- 逻辑主语
- 动名词复合结构作宾语时用普通格和所有格都可以
- 5.3 动名词的被动式
- 5.4 动名词的完成式
- 5.5 动句词主动表被动
5 动名词
动名词:名词化了的动词
例如:
Let our advance worrying become advance thinking and planing.(-Winston Churchill)
让我们的杞人忧天成为事前的思考和计划
Speaking fluent English is my dream.
说一口流利的英语是我的梦想
Meeting you has been the best thing that could have possibly happened.
认识你是我遇到的最好的事。
5.1 动名词都有什么作用
名词充当的成分:
同样动名词也能做宾语,表语,主语,定语,但是动名词不能做同位语
。
作主语
做表语
Seeing is beliving 眼见为实
Taking pictures is savoring life intensely, every hundredth of a second.(Marc Ribound)
拍照就是深刻的品味人生,每 0.01 秒的瞬间。
做定语
动名词做定语有啥讲究?
表示所修饰名词的用途或功能。
做宾语
例如:
I couldn’t risk giving myself away, could I?
我不能冒险暴露自己,对吧?
(Do) you mind taking that gun out of my face? it makes me nervous.(Catch Me If You Can)
你介意把抢从我脸上拿开吗?它让我很紧张。
We make up for being had parents by being good neighbors.(Why Women Kill)
我们通常做好邻居来弥补做坏父母的不足。
Life appears to me too short to be spent in nursing animosity or registering wrongs.(Jane Eyre)
在我看来,生命太短暂,不能用来掩饰仇恨或记录错误
You have a hard time taking order, don’t you?
你总是不听指挥,是吗?
5.2 动名词的复合结构—成功加入动名词自己的主语
构成:
- 物主代词(例:my, his, her 等)+ doing
- 所有格(例:Will’s, Tom’s 等)+ doing
例如:
逻辑主语
动名词复合结构作宾语时用普通格和所有格都可以
例:
Would you(主) mind(谓) me/mine sitting(宾) here?
me/mine sitting 作宾语,所以用 me(普通格)或 my(所有格)都可以
或许你会有点疑惑,
Tom’s coming(主) is a big surprize。
Would you mind(谓) Tom’s coming(宾)? 这个觉得不怪吧,因为是做宾语,所以也可以是 Tom coming,Would you mind Tom coming?
下面这两句不会觉得变扭吧
Would you mind this book?
Would you mind my book?
那么 Would you mind my sitting? 因为是宾语,所以也可以是 me sitting
5.3 动名词的被动式
being + 过去分词
例如:
5.4 动名词的完成式
having + 过去分词, 动名词的动作在谓语动作之前发生。
例如:
He is proud of having won the first prise.
他很自豪获得一等奖
参考:this is not a book.(not + 名词)
5.5 动句词主动表被动
need / want / deserve 后面通常用动名词主动表被动
例如:
Kill’s wounded, His leg needs binding.(The Hobbit)
Kill 受伤了,他的腿需要包扎。