一、回顾SpringMVC访问接口流程
1.容器加载分析
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容器分析
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手动注册WebApplicationContext
public class ServletConfig extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer { @Override protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() { //获取SpringMVC容器 AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); context.register(SpringMvcConfig.class); return context; } @Override protected String[] getServletMappings() { return new String[]{"/"}; } @Override protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() { return null; } }
2.容器加载过程分析
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tomcat 服务器启动的时候，加载ServletConfig类之后，做初始化web容器操作，相当于 web.xml
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执行注册容器的方法,获取 SpringMVC容器 WebApplicationContext
@Nullable protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() { Class<?>[] configClasses = this.getRootConfigClasses(); if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(configClasses)) { AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); context.register(configClasses); return context; } else { return null; } } protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() { AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); Class<?>[] configClasses = this.getServletConfigClasses(); if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(configClasses)) { context.register(configClasses); } return context; } -
通过@ComponentScan(“cn.sycoder.controller”) 加载 Controller 下面的bean 进 WebApplicationContext
@RestController public class TestController { @GetMapping("/test/{id}") public String test(@PathVariable Long id) { return "ok:" + id; } } -
把使用了 RequestMapping 注解的方法的 value — 对应一个方法，建立起了一对一映射关系（可以想象hashmap）
- /test/{id} ---- test 方法
3.请求接口过程
- 访问 http://localhost:8082/test/1
- 匹配 springmvc 的 / servletMapping 规则，交给 springmvc 处理
- 解析 /test/1路径找到对应的 test 方法
- 执行方法
- 因为使用 RestController ，所以返回方法的返回值作为响应体返回给浏览器
4.SSM整合会出现bean界定不清楚问题
- SpringMVC 需要加载哪些bean?
- controller 层（表现层即可）
- Spring 加载哪些bean?
- service
- dao
4.1如何处理
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将spring配置注入到 web 容器中
@Configuration @ComponentScan(value={"cn.sycoder.service","cn.sycoder.dao"}) public class SpringConfig { }public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer { @Override protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() { return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class}; } @Override protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() { return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class}; } @Override protected String[] getServletMappings() { return new String[]{"/"}; } }
4.2验证两个容器的bean相互不干扰
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验证代码
@Test public void test(){ AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class); ITestService bean = applicationContext.getBean(ITestService.class); bean.get(1L); TestController bean1 = applicationContext.getBean(TestController.class); System.out.println(bean1.test(1L)); }
二、SSM整合
1.SSM整合流程分析
- 概述SSM：Spring SpringMVC Mybatis
1.1创建工程
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导入依赖
- ssm 所需要的依赖包
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配置 web 项目入口配置替换 web.xml（AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer）
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配置 Spring 配置类交给 web 容器管理
@Override protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() { return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class}; } -
配置 SpringMVC 配置类交给 web 容器管理
@Override protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() { return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class}; } -
配置请求拦截规则,交给 springmvc 处理
@Override protected String[] getServletMappings() { return new String[]{"/"}; }
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1.2配置 Spring
- SpringConfig
- @Configuration 标记Spring配置类，替换Spring-config-xml
- @ComponetScan 扫描需要被Spring 管理的bean
- @EnableTransactionManagment 启动管理事务支持
- @PropertySource 引入db.properties 配置文件
- 配置 JdbcConfig 配置类
- 使用德鲁伊 DataSource 数据源
- 构建平台事务管理器 DataSourceTransactionManager
- 配置 MyBatis 配置类
- 构建 SqlSessionFactoryBean
- 指定 MapperScanner 设置 mapper 包扫描寻找 mapper.xml 文件
1.3配置 SpringMVC
- 配置SpringMvcConfig
- @Configuration
- @ComponentScan 只扫描 Controller
- 开启SpringMVC 注解支持 @EnableWebMvc
1.4开发业务
- 使用注解
- 注入bean 注解
- @Autowired
- @RestController
- @GetMapping
- @RequestParam
- @PostMapping
- @RequestBody
- @DeleteMapping
- @PathVariable
- @PutMapping
- @GetMapping
- @Service
- @Transactional
- junit
- @RunWith
- @ContextConfiguration
- @Test
- 注入bean 注解
2.SSM整合
2.1导入依赖
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依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.17.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.2.17.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.2.17.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.29</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.16</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
2.2创建各目录结构
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目录如下
2.3创建SpringConfig
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SpringConfig(在整合项目的时候不能扫描mvc的类，否则会出现创建容器失败)
@Configuration @ComponentScan(value = {"cn.sycoder.service","cn.sycoder.dao"}) @EnableTransactionManagement @PropertySource("classpath:db.properties") @Import({DbConfig.class,MybatisConfig.class}) public class SpringConfig { }
2.4创建DbConfig配置类
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创建数据库配置文件
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456 -
创建DbConfig
public class DbConfig { @Value("${jdbc.url}") private String url; @Value("${jdbc.driver}") private String driver; @Value("${jdbc.username}") private String username; @Value("${jdbc.password}") private String password; /** * 配置德鲁伊连接池 * @return */ @Bean public DataSource dataSource(){ DruidDataSource source = new DruidDataSource(); source.setUrl(url); source.setDriverClassName(driver); source.setPassword(password); source.setUsername(username); return source; } @Bean public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource){ DataSourceTransactionManager manager = new DataSourceTransactionManager(); manager.setDataSource(dataSource); return manager; } }
2.5创建MybatisConfig配置类
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MyBatisConfig
public class MybatisConfig { @Bean public SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean(DataSource dataSource){ SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); bean.setDataSource(dataSource); bean.setTypeAliasesPackage("cn.sycoder.domain"); return bean; } @Bean public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer(){ MapperScannerConfigurer configurer = new MapperScannerConfigurer(); configurer.setBasePackage("cn.sycoder.dao"); return configurer; } }
2.6创建SpringMVC配置类
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SpringMvcConfig
@Configuration @ComponentScan("cn.sycoder.controller") @EnableWebMvc public class SpringMvcConfig { }
2.7创建Web项目入口配置类
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ServletConfig
public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer { @Override protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() { return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};//配置Spring交给Web 管理 } @Override protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() { return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class}; } @Override protected String[] getServletMappings() { return new String[]{"/"}; } }
3.功能开发
3.1创建数据库及表
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创建 ssm 数据库
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创建 item 表
create table item ( id bigint auto_increment, type varchar(64) null, name varchar(64) null, remark text null, constraint item_pk primary key (id) );
3.2编写模型类
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添加 lombok 依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.22</version> </dependency> -
模型类
@Data public class Item { private Long id; private String name; private String type; private String remark; }
3.3编写Mapper接口
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Mapper 接口
@Repository public interface ItemMapper { @Insert("insert into item(name,type,remark) value(#{name},#{type},#{remark})") public int save(Item item); @Delete("delete from item where id = #{id}") public int delete(Long id); @Update("update item set name = #{name},type = #{type},remark=#{remark} where id=#{id}") public int update(Item item); @Select("select * from item where id = #{id}") public Item getById(Long id); @Select("select * from item") public List<Item> list(); }
3.4编写Service接口和实现类
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Service 接口
public interface IItemService { /** * 添加闲置物品方法 * @param item * @return */ public boolean save(Item item); /** * 删除闲置物品 * @param id * @return */ public boolean delete(Long id); /** * 更新闲置物品 * @param item * @return */ public boolean update(Item item); /** * 查询闲置物品通过id * @param id * @return */ public Item getById(Long id); /** * 查询所有闲置商品 * @return */ public List<Item> lists(); } -
定义接口实现类
@Service public class ItemServiceImpl implements IItemService { @Autowired ItemMapper mapper; @Override @Transactional public boolean save(Item item) { return mapper.save(item) > 0; } @Override @Transactional public boolean delete(Long id) { return mapper.delete(id) >0; } @Override @Transactional public boolean update(Item item) { return mapper.update(item) >0; } @Override public Item getById(Long id) { return mapper.getById(id); } @Override public List<Item> lists() { return mapper.list(); } }
3.5编写Contorller类
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Controller
@RestController @RequestMapping("/item") public class ItemController { @Autowired IItemService service; @PostMapping public boolean save(@RequestBody Item item){ return service.save(item); } @PutMapping public boolean update(@RequestBody Item item){ return service.update(item); } @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public boolean delete(@PathVariable Long id){ return service.delete(id); } @GetMapping("/{id}") public Item getById(@PathVariable Long id){ return service.getById(id); } @GetMapping public List<Item> list(){ return service.lists(); } }
4.验证 ssm 整合结果
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启动项目并且解决问题
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修改Spring配置类
@Configuration @ComponentScan(value = {"cn.sycoder.service","cn.sycoder.dao"}) @EnableTransactionManagement @PropertySource("classpath:db.properties") @Import({DbConfig.class,MybatisConfig.class}) public class SpringConfig { }
4.1添加item 数据
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准备 item 数据
{"name":"键盘","type":"电脑外设","remark":"9成新，半价卖"}{"name":"笔记本","type":"电脑","remark":"9成新，8折出售"}{"name":"鞋子","type":"收藏鞋","remark":"科比签名的，独一无二"} -
添加数据
4.2修改数据
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准备数据
{"id":4,"name":"二手鞋子","type":"废鞋","remark":"破鞋子"} -
修改操作
4.3查询单个数据
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查询id=4的物品
4.4删除单个数据
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删除id=4的物品
4.5查询全部数据操作
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查询全部
5.整合单元测试
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目录结构
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新建测试类
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class) public class ItemTest { @Autowired IItemService service; @Test public void save(){ Item item = new Item(); item.setName("单元测试"); item.setRemark("单元测试"); item.setType("单元测试"); boolean save = service.save(item); System.out.println(save); } @Test public void update(){ Item item = new Item(); item.setId(5L); item.setName("单元测试"); item.setRemark("单元测试"); item.setType("单元测试"); boolean save = service.update(item); System.out.println(save); } @Test public void getById(){ Item byId = service.getById(5L); System.out.println(byId); } @Test public void list(){ List<Item> lists = service.lists(); System.out.println(lists); } }
三、项目实战中细节问题
1.导入前端资源
1.1静态资源拦截处理
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设置访问 index 访问主页
@Controller public class IndexController { @RequestMapping("/index") public String index(){ System.out.println("----------------"); return "/pages/items.html"; } } -
出现静态资源被拦截问题
@Configuration public class StaticSupport extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { @Override protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) { registry.addResourceHandler("/pages/**").addResourceLocations("/pages/"); registry.addResourceHandler("/js/**").addResourceLocations("/js/"); registry.addResourceHandler("/css/**").addResourceLocations("/css/"); registry.addResourceHandler("/plugins/**").addResourceLocations("/plugins/"); } } -
将 staticSupport 交给 SpringMvc 管理
@Configuration @ComponentScan(value = {"cn.sycoder.controller","cn.sycoder.config"}) @EnableWebMvc public class SpringMvcConfig { }
1.2项目实现
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保存方法
handleAdd () { console.log("========") axios.post("/item",this.formData).then((res)=>{ //todo }) }, -
列表查询
getAll() { axios.get("/item",).then((res)=>{ this.dataList = res.data; }) }, -
删除操作
handleDelete(row) { axios.delete("/item/"+row.id).then((res)=>{ //todo }) }
