一般而言，改变物体的位置时，需要改变每一帧所有顶点的坐标，计算量巨大
可以将每一个顶点用向量值表示，使用位移矩阵，缩放矩阵，旋转矩阵对顶点进行操作。


顶点着色器：

#version 330 core
layout(location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
layout(location = 1) in vec3 aColor;
layout(location = 2) in vec2 aTexCord;
out vec3 ourColor;
out vec2 TexCord;
uniform mat4 theMatrix;
void main(){
    gl_Position = theMatrix*vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0f);
    ourColor=aColor;
    TexCord=vec2(aTexCord.s,aTexCord.t);
}

片段着色器

#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;
in vec3 ourColor;
in vec2 TexCord;
uniform sampler2D textureWall;
uniform sampler2D textureSmile;
uniform sampler2D textureSmall;
uniform float ratio;
void main(){
    FragColor = mix(texture(textureWall,TexCord),
                    texture(textureSmile,TexCord),ratio);
}

核心代码：

void MatrixGlWgt::initializeGL() {
    initializeOpenGLFunctions();
    //创建VBO和VAO对象，并赋予ID
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
    glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
    //绑定VBO和VAO对象
    glBindVertexArray(VAO);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
    //为当前绑定到target的缓冲区对象创建一个新的数据存储。
    //如果data不是NULL，则使用来自此指针的数据初始化数据存储
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    //告知显卡如何解析缓冲里的属性值
    glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
    //开启VAO管理的第一个属性值
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float)));
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
    glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)(6 * sizeof(float)));
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
    bool success;
    shaderProgram.addShaderFromSourceFile(QOpenGLShader::Vertex, "shaders/shapes.vert");
    shaderProgram.addShaderFromSourceFile(QOpenGLShader::Fragment, "shaders/shapes.frag");
    success = shaderProgram.link();
    if (!success)
        qDebug() << "ERR:" << shaderProgram.log();
    glGenBuffers(1, &EBO);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, EBO);
    glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indices), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    glEnable(GL_BLEND);
    glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
    textureWall = new QOpenGLTexture(QImage("images/wall.jpg").mirrored());
    textureSmile = new QOpenGLTexture(QImage("images/awesomeface.png").mirrored());
    textureSmall = new QOpenGLTexture(QImage("images/small.png").mirrored());
    shaderProgram.bind();
    shaderProgram.setUniformValue("textureWall", 0);
    shaderProgram.setUniformValue("textureSmile", 1);
    shaderProgram.setUniformValue("textureSmall", 2);
    textureSmall->generateMipMaps();
    textureSmile->bind(1);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_MIRRORED_REPEAT);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
    glBindVertexArray(0);
}
void MatrixGlWgt::resizeGL(int w, int h) {
    Q_UNUSED(w); Q_UNUSED(h);
}
void MatrixGlWgt::paintGL() {
    glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    shaderProgram.bind();
    shaderProgram.setUniformValue("ratio", ratio);
    shaderProgram.setUniformValue("theMatrix", matrix);
    glBindVertexArray(VAO);
    textureWall->bind(0);
    textureSmile->bind(1);
    textureSmall->bind(2);
    glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, 6, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, NULL);
}
void MatrixGlWgt::on_timeout() {
    matrix.setToIdentity();
    unsigned int time = QTime::currentTime().msec();
    matrix.translate(0.5, 0, 0);
    matrix.rotate(time, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
    update();
}

坐标信息：

float vertices[] = {
    // positions      // colors        // texture coords
    0.3f, 0.3f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top right
    0.3f, -0.3f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom right
    -0.3f, -0.3f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom left
    -0.3f, 0.3f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f // top left
};
unsigned int indices[] = { // note that we start from 0!
    0, 1, 3, // first triangle
    1, 2, 3 // second triangle
};