实现效果

点击checkBox1或者直接在第一列列表头点击即可实现
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代码实现

我的datagridview叫dgv
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我在datagridview已经默认添加了一个DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn，勾选时value为1，不勾选时value为0

第一种通过可视化拖动一个checkBox来实现

拖动组件，然后绑定事件
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点击事件

事件代码：

		/// <summary>
        /// checkbox1的点击事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void checkSelectAll_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (checkSelectAll.Checked)
            {
                foreach (DataGridViewRow dgvRow in this.dgv.Rows)
                {
                    dgvRow.Cells["dataGridViewCheckBoxColumn1"].Value = true;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                foreach (DataGridViewRow dgvRow in this.dgv.Rows)
                {
                    dgvRow.Cells["dataGridViewCheckBoxColumn1"].Value = false;
                }
            }

        }

第二种，自定义checkBox，添加到列头

这种需要自己弄一个DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn
文件位置
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详细代码：
==DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderCell ==

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using WindowsFormsApp20230728.Properties;

namespace WindowsFormsApp20230728
{
    //定义触发单击事件的委托
    public delegate void DatagridviewcheckboxHeaderEventHander(object sender, DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderEventArgs e);

    //定义继承于DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell的类，用于绘制checkbox，定义checkbox鼠标单击事件
    public class DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderCell : DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell
    {
        Point checkBoxLocation;
        Size checkBoxSize;
        bool _checked = false;
        Point _cellLocation = new Point();
        System.Windows.Forms.VisualStyles.CheckBoxState _cbState = System.Windows.Forms.VisualStyles.CheckBoxState.UncheckedNormal;
        public event DatagridviewcheckboxHeaderEventHander OnCheckBoxClicked;
        
        
 
        //绘制列头checkbox
        protected override void Paint(System.Drawing.Graphics graphics,
          System.Drawing.Rectangle clipBounds,
          System.Drawing.Rectangle cellBounds,
          int rowIndex,
          DataGridViewElementStates dataGridViewElementState,
          object value,
          object formattedValue,
          string errorText,
          DataGridViewCellStyle cellStyle,
          DataGridViewAdvancedBorderStyle advancedBorderStyle,
          DataGridViewPaintParts paintParts)
        {
            base.Paint(graphics, clipBounds, cellBounds, rowIndex,
                dataGridViewElementState, value,
                formattedValue, errorText, cellStyle,
                advancedBorderStyle, paintParts);
            Point p = new Point();
            Size s = CheckBoxRenderer.GetGlyphSize(graphics,
            System.Windows.Forms.VisualStyles.CheckBoxState.UncheckedNormal);
            p.X = cellBounds.Location.X +
                (cellBounds.Width / 2) - (s.Width / 2) - 1;//列头checkbox的X坐标
            p.Y = cellBounds.Location.Y +
                (cellBounds.Height / 2) - (s.Height / 2);//列头checkbox的Y坐标
            _cellLocation = cellBounds.Location;
            checkBoxLocation = p;
            checkBoxSize = s;
            if (_checked)
                _cbState = System.Windows.Forms.VisualStyles.
                     CheckBoxState.CheckedNormal;
            else
                _cbState = System.Windows.Forms.VisualStyles.
                    CheckBoxState.UncheckedNormal;
            CheckBoxRenderer.DrawCheckBox
            (graphics, checkBoxLocation, _cbState);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 点击列头checkbox单击事件
        /// </summary>
        protected override void OnMouseClick(DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e)
        {
            var p = new Point(e.X + _cellLocation.X, e.Y + _cellLocation.Y);
            if (p.X >= checkBoxLocation.X && p.X <= checkBoxLocation.X + checkBoxSize.Width
                && p.Y >= checkBoxLocation.Y && p.Y <= checkBoxLocation.Y + checkBoxSize.Height)
            {
                _checked = !_checked;
                //获取列头checkbox的选择状态
                DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderEventArgs ex = new DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderEventArgs { CheckedState = _checked };
                
                var sender = new object();//此处不代表选择的列头checkbox，只是作为参数传递。应该列头checkbox是绘制出来的，无法获得它的实例
                if (OnCheckBoxClicked != null)
                {
                    OnCheckBoxClicked(sender, ex);//触发单击事件
                    this.DataGridView.InvalidateCell(this);
                }
            }
            base.OnMouseClick(e);
        }
    }
}

==DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderEventArgs ==

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using static System.Windows.Forms.VisualStyles.VisualStyleElement;

namespace WindowsFormsApp20230728
{
    //定义包含列头checkbox选择状态的参数类
    public class DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderEventArgs : EventArgs
    {
        public DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderEventArgs()
        {
            CheckedState = false;
        }
        public bool CheckedState
        {
            get { return _CheckedState; }

            set { _CheckedState = value; }
        }
        
        private bool _CheckedState;
    }
}

实现位置，均在Form2类中
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代码：

		public Form2()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            //InitColumnInfo();
            #region  自定义组件开始
            //自定义组件实现
            var ch = new DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderCell();
            ch.OnCheckBoxClicked += new DatagridviewcheckboxHeaderEventHander(ch_OnCheckBoxClicked);
            var checkboxCol = this.dgv.Columns[0] as DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn;
            checkboxCol.HeaderCell = ch;
            checkboxCol.HeaderCell.Value = string.Empty;
         }

注意其中dgv.EndEdit(); 失去焦点操作，如果没有这个，你焦点所在checkBox不会勾选

		//去除datagridview列表头排序
        //    foreach (DataGridViewColumn item in dgv.Columns)
        //        item.SortMode = DataGridViewColumnSortMode.NotSortable;
        /// <summary>
        /// 单击事件
        /// </summary>
        private void ch_OnCheckBoxClicked(object sender, DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderEventArgs e)
        {
            //失去焦点操作
            dgv.EndEdit();
            
            //Console.WriteLine(e.CheckedState.ToString());
            
            //选中事件操作
            if (e.CheckedState)
            {
                for(int i = 0; i < dgv.Rows.Count; i++)
                {
                    dgv.Rows[i].Cells[0].Value = 1;
                }
                //foreach (DataGridViewRow dgvRow in this.dgv.Rows)
                //{
                //    dgvRow.Cells["dataGridViewCheckBoxColumn1"].Value = true;
                //}
            }
            else
            {
                for (int i = 0; i < dgv.Rows.Count; i++)
                {
                    dgv.Rows[i].Cells[0].Value = 0;
                }
                //foreach (DataGridViewRow dgvRow in this.dgv.Rows)
                //{
                //    dgvRow.Cells["dataGridViewCheckBoxColumn1"].Value = 0;
                //}
            }
            
        }

第三种，不添加DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn，直接以自定义的形式形成一列的checkBox

和第二种相比，就是把DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn从DataGridView中删除，然后public Form2()自定义组件实现代码改一下，其他都是一样的

也就是把这一串换成下面的即可

//自定义组件实现
var ch = new DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderCell();
ch.OnCheckBoxClicked += new DatagridviewcheckboxHeaderEventHander(ch_OnCheckBoxClicked);
var checkboxCol = this.dgv.Columns[0] as DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn;
checkboxCol.HeaderCell = ch;
checkboxCol.HeaderCell.Value = string.Empty;

if (!this.DesignMode){
       DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderCell cbHeader = new DatagridviewCheckboxHeaderCell();
       cbHeader.OnCheckBoxClicked += new DatagridviewcheckboxHeaderEventHander(ch_OnCheckBoxClicked);
       DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn checkboxCol = new DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn();
       checkboxCol.HeaderCell = cbHeader;
       checkboxCol.HeaderCell.Value = string.Empty;
       this.dgv.Columns.Insert(0,checkboxCol);
}

第三种实现的是类属于java面向对象编程的效果，第二种则是自定义组件进行添加的效果

参考文章

C# Winform中DataGridView的DataGridViewCheckBoxColumn CheckBox选中判断
关于Winform中DatagridView 表头checkBox全选选项框总结
DataGridView EndEdit()方法
c# winform获取gridview数据