pygame贪吃蛇游戏

贪吃蛇游戏通过enter键启动，贪吃蛇通过WSAD进行上下左右移动，每次在游戏区域中随机生成一个食物，每次吃完食物后，蛇变长并且获得积分；按空格键暂停。

'''贪吃蛇'''
import random, sys, time, pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from collections import deque 

SCREEN_WIDTH = 600    # 屏幕宽度
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480   # 屏幕高度
SIZE = 20             # 小方格大小
LINE_WIDTH = 1        # 网格线宽度
# 游戏区域的坐标范围
SCOPE_X = (0, SCREEN_WIDTH//SIZE - 1)
SCOPE_Y = (0, SCREEN_HEIGHT//SIZE - 1)
# 食物的分值与颜色
FOOD_STYLE_LIST = [(10, (255, 100, 100)), (20, (100, 255, 100)), (30, (100, 100, 255))]
LIGHT = (100, 100, 100)
DARK = (200, 200, 200) # 蛇的颜色
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)      # 网格线的颜色
RED = (200, 30, 30)    # 游戏结束颜色
BGCOLOR = (40, 40, 60) # 背景色

def init_snake():
    snake = deque() # 用一个双端队列表示蛇
    snake.append((2, SCOPE_Y[0]))
    snake.append((1, SCOPE_Y[0]))
    snake.append((0, SCOPE_Y[0]))
    return snake 

def create_food(snake):
    food_x = random.randint(SCOPE_X[0], SCOPE_X[1])
    food_y = random.randint(SCOPE_Y[0], SCOPE_Y[1])
    while (food_x, food_y) in snake: # 如果蛇已经吃掉了食物则重新生成
        food_x = random.randint(SCOPE_X[0], SCOPE_X[1])
        food_y = random.randint(SCOPE_Y[0], SCOPE_Y[1])
    return food_x, food_y

def get_food_style():
    return FOOD_STYLE_LIST[random.randint(0, 2)]

def print_text(screen, font, x, y, text, fcolor=(255, 255, 255)):
    imgText = font.render(text, True, fcolor)
    screen.blit(imgText, (x, y))

# 主函数
def main():
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
    pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')    
    # 字体
    SIMHEI = pygame.font.SysFont('SimHei', 24) # 得分的字体
    GAMEOVERFONT = pygame.font.Font(None, 72)  # GAME OVER的字体
    fwidth, fheight = GAMEOVERFONT.size('GAME OVER')
    # 如果蛇正在向右移动，那么快速点击向下向左，由于程序刷新没那么快，向下事件会被向左覆盖掉，
    # 导致蛇后退，游戏结束
    b = True 
    snake = init_snake()            # 初始化蛇
    food = create_food(snake)       # 食物
    food_style = get_food_style()   # 食物的颜色
    pos = (1, 0)                    # 方向
    game_over = True 
    start = False                   # 是否开始，当start，game_over都是True才显示 GAME OVER
    score = 0                       # 得分
    orispeed = 0.5                  # 原始速度
    speed = orispeed
    last_move_time = None 
    pause = False                   # 暂停
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == QUIT:
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == K_RETURN:
                    if game_over:
                        start = True
                        game_over = False 
                        b = True 
                        snake = init_snake()
                        food = create_food(snake)
                        food_style = get_food_style()
                        pos = (1, 0)
                        score = 0
                        last_move_time = time.time()
                elif event.key == K_SPACE:
                    if not game_over:
                        pause = not pause 
                elif event.key in (K_w, K_UP): 
                    # 防止蛇向上移动时按了向下键，导致直接结束
                    if b and not pos[1]:
                        pos = (0, -1)
                        b = False
                elif event.key in (K_s, K_DOWN):
                    if b and not pos[1]:
                        pos = (0, 1)
                        b = False 
                elif event.key in (K_a, K_LEFT):
                    if b and not pos[0]:
                        pos = (-1, 0)
                        b = False
                elif event.key in (K_d, K_RIGHT):
                    if b and not pos[0]:
                        pos = (1, 0)
                        b = False

        # 填充背景色
        screen.fill(BGCOLOR)    
        # 画网格线
        for x in range(SIZE, SCREEN_WIDTH, SIZE):
            pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (x, SCOPE_Y[0]*SIZE), (x, SCREEN_HEIGHT), LINE_WIDTH)                
        for y in range(SCOPE_Y[0]*SIZE, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SIZE):
            pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (0, y), (SCREEN_WIDTH, y), LINE_WIDTH)
        
        if not game_over:
            curTime = time.time()
            if curTime - last_move_time > speed:
                if not pause:
                    b = True 
                    last_move_time = curTime
                    next_s = (snake[0][0] + pos[0], snake[0][1] + pos[1])
                    if next_s == food: # 迟到了食物
                        snake.appendleft(next_s)
                        score += food_style[0]
                        speed = orispeed - 0.03 * (score//100)
                        food = create_food(snake)
                        food_style = get_food_style()
                    else:
                        if SCOPE_X[0] <= next_s[0] <= SCOPE_X[1] and \
                            SCOPE_Y[0] <= next_s[1] <= SCOPE_Y[1] and \
                                next_s not in snake:
                            snake.appendleft(next_s)
                            snake.pop()
                        else:
                            game_over = True 
        # 画食物,避免 GAME OVER 的时候把 GAME OVER 的字给遮住了
        if not game_over:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, food_style[1], (food[0]*SIZE, food[1] * SIZE, SIZE, SIZE), 0)
        # 画蛇
        for s in snake:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, DARK, (s[0]*SIZE + LINE_WIDTH, s[1]*SIZE + LINE_WIDTH,
                    SIZE - LINE_WIDTH*2, SIZE - LINE_WIDTH*2), 0)

        print_text(screen, SIMHEI, 30, 7, f'速度: {score//100}')
        print_text(screen, SIMHEI, 450, 7, f'得分: {score}')
        if game_over:
            if start:
                print_text(screen, GAMEOVERFONT, (SCREEN_WIDTH - fwidth)//2, (SCREEN_HEIGHT - fheight)//2, 'GAME OVER', RED)
        pygame.display.update()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()