首先要明确通过springdata操作es必须要将版本号和es的版本号对应上，否则会报错（倒不用完全一一对应，但版本号最好不要相差太多）。springdata引入的版本号由springboot的版本号决定，对应关系如下：
在这里插入图片描述
这里我用的版本号分别是：
es：elasticsearch:7.10.1
springboot：spring-boot-starter-parent：2.7.8
springdata：spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch：2.7.8

1、引入依赖，只关注springboot和es的部分就行

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>elk</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>elk</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.0.0</maven-jar-plugin.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.1.1</maven-jar-plugin.version>
        <mybatisplus.version>3.3.1</mybatisplus.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.17</mysql.version>
        <mssql.version>4.0</mssql.version>
        <oracle.version>11.2.0.3</oracle.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.13</druid.version>
        <quartz.version>2.3.0</quartz.version>
        <commons.lang.version>2.6</commons.lang.version>
        <commons.fileupload.version>1.2.2</commons.fileupload.version>
        <commons.io.version>2.5</commons.io.version>
        <commons.codec.version>1.10</commons.codec.version>
        <commons.configuration.version>1.10</commons.configuration.version>
        <shiro.version>1.4.0</shiro.version>
        <jwt.version>0.7.0</jwt.version>
        <kaptcha.version>0.0.9</kaptcha.version>
        <qiniu.version>7.2.23</qiniu.version>
        <aliyun.oss.version>2.8.3</aliyun.oss.version>
        <qcloud.cos.version>4.4</qcloud.cos.version>
        <swagger.version>2.4.0</swagger.version>
        <joda.time.version>2.9.9</joda.time.version>
        <gson.version>2.8.5</gson.version>
        <fastjson.version>1.2.60</fastjson.version>
        <hutool.version>5.0.6</hutool.version>
        <lombok.version>1.18.4</lombok.version>
    </properties>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.8</version>
    </parent>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.4</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- Kafka资源的引入 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.danielwegener</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-kafka-appender</artifactId>
            <version>0.2.0-RC1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.logstash.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logstash-logback-encoder</artifactId>
            <version>6.4</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--es-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--json-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>



    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <extensions>
            <extension>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.wagon</groupId>
                <artifactId>wagon-ssh</artifactId>
                <version>2.8</version>
            </extension>
        </extensions>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 跳过单元测试 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <skipTests>true</skipTests>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2、修改配置文件

# es连接地址
spring:
  elasticsearch:
    uris: 192.168.3.22:9200    #如果是集群，用“，”分割
  data:
    elasticsearch:
      repositories:
        enabled: true



# Tomcat
server:
  tomcat:
    uri-encoding: UTF-8
    max-threads: 1000
    min-spare-threads: 30
  port: 8087
  connection-timeout: 5000ms
  servlet:
    context-path: /

3、定义实体类

package com.elk.escurd;

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.GeoPointField;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.geo.GeoPoint;

import java.util.Date;

@Data
@Document(indexName = "invitation",createIndex = true)
public class Invitation {

    @Id
    private Long id;

//    //指定字段的索引方式，index是否索引、store是否存储、字段的分词方式、搜索时关键字分词的方式、type指定该字段的值以什么样的数据类型来存储
//    @Field(index=true,store=true,analyzer="ik_max_word",searchAnalyzer="ik_max_word",type=FieldType.Text)
    /* ik_smart:粗粒度分词 */
    @Field(analyzer = "ik_smart", type = FieldType.Text)
    private String name;

    /* ik_max_word:细粒度分词 */
    @Field(analyzer = "ik_max_word", type = FieldType.Text)
    private String country;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Integer)
    private Integer age;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Text)
    private String isDelete;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Text)
    private String status;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Text)
    private String sex;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Text)
    private String type;

    @Field(type = FieldType.Date)
    private Date createDate;


    //es中的位置字段，存储的是经纬度，方便进行范围搜索
    @GeoPointField
    private GeoPoint address;
}

4、定义基础操作接口：InvitationRepository

package com.elk.escurd;

import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;


/**
 * 此类和@Document中的createIndex = true配合，启动就可以将实体类变成索引注入到es中
 * 不需要写具体的实现，函数名遵循命名规范即可自动实现
 * 命名规则参考：https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/elasticsearch/docs/current/reference/html/#repositories.query-methods
 * 此类完成的是一些基础查询，复杂查询用ElasticsearchRestTemplate
 */
@Repository
public interface InvitationRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Invitation, Long> {

    //根据名字查询 findBy+字段名
    List<Invitation> findByName(String name);

    //根据地址查询 findBy+字段名
    List<Invitation> findByAddress(String address);

    //根据地址和姓名查询  findBy+多个字段名之间And分隔
    List<Invitation> findByAddressAndName(String address,String name);

    //查询id小于某个值的数据  findBy+比大小的字段+LessThan
    List<Invitation> findByIdLessThan(int id);

    //查询年龄在多少-多少之间的   findBy+条件字段+Between
    List<Invitation> findByAgeBetween(Integer minAge,Integer maxAge);


}

5、定义索引管理类：IndexManage

package com.elk.escurd;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.IndexOperations;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.document.Document;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


/**
 * 索引管理类
 */
@Service
public class IndexManage {

    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;

    /**
     * 创建索引和mapping
     * es不支持修改mapping，如果想要修改mapping，只能备份原来的数据，删除原有索引重新创建
     */
//    @PostConstruct
    public boolean  createIndex(){
        IndexOperations indexOperations = elasticsearchRestTemplate.indexOps(Invitation.class);

        //如果存在索引，先删除索引
        if (indexOperations.exists()){
            indexOperations.delete();
        }

        //创建索引
        boolean a = indexOperations.create();
        if (a){
            //生成映射
            Document mapping = indexOperations.createMapping();
            //推送映射
            boolean b = indexOperations.putMapping(mapping);
            return b;
        }else {
            return a;
        }
    }


    public boolean deleteIndex() {
        IndexOperations indexOperations = elasticsearchRestTemplate.indexOps(Invitation.class);
        boolean delete = indexOperations.delete();
        return delete;
    }
}

6、测试类

package com.elk.escurd;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.DistanceUnit;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.*;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.GeoDistanceSortBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortOrder;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.SearchHit;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.SearchHits;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.geo.GeoPoint;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQuery;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQueryBuilder;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 954L
 * @create 2023/2/8 15:13
 */
@SpringBootTest
class InvitationTest {

    /**
     * 基础操作
     */
    @Autowired
    private InvitationRepository invitationRepository;

    /**
     * 复杂操作
     */
    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;





    /**
     * 测试新增
     */
    @Test
    void testInsert() {
        Invitation invitation = new Invitation();
        invitation.setId(3l);
        invitation.setName("龟儿子");
        invitation.setCountry("我是美国佬");
        invitation.setAge(20);
        invitation.setIsDelete("0");
        invitation.setStatus("0");
        invitation.setSex("2");
        invitation.setType("2");
        invitation.setCreateDate(new Date());

        GeoPoint address =new GeoPoint(41.15998589289666,123.10144051130709);
        invitation.setAddress(address);

        invitationRepository.save(invitation);
    }

    /**
     * 查所有数据
     */
    @Test
    void testFindAll() {
        Iterable<Invitation> invitationIterable = invitationRepository.findAll();
        invitationIterable.forEach(x -> System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(x)));
    }

    /**
     * 修改指定数据
     */
    @Test
    void testUpdate() {
        Invitation invitation = invitationRepository.findById(1L).orElse(null);
        System.out.println("修改前名称：" + invitation.getName());
        invitation.setName("龟儿子2");
        invitationRepository.save(invitation);
        invitation = invitationRepository.findById(1L).orElse(null);
        System.out.println("修改后名称：" + invitation.getName());
    }

    /**
     * 删除指定数据
     */
    @Test
    void testDelete() {
        invitationRepository.deleteById(1L);
        Invitation invitation = invitationRepository.findById(1L).orElse(null);
        System.out.println(invitation == null? "删除成功": "删除失败");
    }


    /**
     * 通过name查询
     */
    @Test
    void testfindByName(){
        List<Invitation> invitationList = invitationRepository.findByName("儿子");
        invitationList.forEach(x -> System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(x)));
    }



    /**
     * 通过name查询
     */
    @Test
    void testfindByName2() {
        MatchQueryBuilder matchQueryBuilder = new MatchQueryBuilder("name", "儿子");
        NativeSearchQuery query = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder().withQuery(matchQueryBuilder)
            .withFields("id", "name", "country").build();
        SearchHits<Invitation> hits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(query, Invitation.class);
        List<SearchHit<Invitation>> searchHits = hits.getSearchHits();
        System.out.println("共" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");

        searchHits.forEach(x -> System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(x.getContent())));
    }



    /**
     * 复杂查询：通过范围、性别、年龄、类型、按距离升序、按时间倒序分页查询
     * @return
     */
    @Test
    void getInvitationList(){
        Integer page = 1;
        Integer size = 5;
        Double latitude = 41.1637913541259;
        Double longitude = 123.10181515177084;
        String sex = "3";
        Integer minage = 5;
        Integer maxage = 25;
        String type = "10";




        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(page - 1, size);
        //构建查询条件生成器
        NativeSearchQueryBuilder nativeSearchQueryBuilder = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder();
        //拼接条件
        //指定字段范围查询
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery().must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gte(minage).lte(maxage));
        //指定字段查询
        QueryBuilder isdeleteBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("isDelete", "0");
        boolQueryBuilder.must(isdeleteBuilder);

        QueryBuilder statusBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("status","0");
//        boolQueryBuilder.mustNot(statusBuilder);
        boolQueryBuilder.must(statusBuilder);

        if (!"3".equals(sex)&&null!=sex){
            QueryBuilder sexBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("sex",sex);
            boolQueryBuilder.must(sexBuilder);
        }

        if (!"10".equals(type)&&null!=type){
            QueryBuilder typeBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("type",type);
            boolQueryBuilder.must(typeBuilder);
        }

        //以某点为中心，搜索指定范围
        GeoDistanceQueryBuilder distanceQueryBuilder = new GeoDistanceQueryBuilder("address");
        distanceQueryBuilder.point(latitude, longitude);
        //查询单位：m
        distanceQueryBuilder.distance(10000, DistanceUnit.METERS);
        boolQueryBuilder.filter(distanceQueryBuilder);

        nativeSearchQueryBuilder.withQuery(boolQueryBuilder);

        //按距离升序
        GeoDistanceSortBuilder distanceSortBuilder =
                new GeoDistanceSortBuilder("address", latitude, longitude);
        distanceSortBuilder.unit(DistanceUnit.KILOMETERS);
        distanceSortBuilder.order(SortOrder.ASC);
        nativeSearchQueryBuilder.withSort(distanceSortBuilder);

        //按时间倒序
        SortBuilder timeSort = SortBuilders.fieldSort("createDate").order(SortOrder.DESC);
        nativeSearchQueryBuilder.withSort(timeSort);

        //分页
        nativeSearchQueryBuilder.withPageable(pageable);

        NativeSearchQuery searchQuery = nativeSearchQueryBuilder.build();
        SearchHits<Invitation> hits = elasticsearchRestTemplate.search(searchQuery, Invitation.class);
        List<SearchHit<Invitation>> searchHits = hits.getSearchHits();

        System.out.println("共" + hits.getTotalHits() + "条");
        searchHits.forEach(x -> System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(x.getContent())));
    }

}