Spring整合Junit

在之前文章中Spring的测试方法几乎都能够看到如下的代码：

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("xxx.xml");
XXX xxx = context.getBean(XXX.class);

它的作用是创建Spring容器，最终获取到对象，但是在每次测试时都需要重复编写。造成代码冗余。可以通过Spring整合JUnit可以使程序创建spring容器。

步骤

1、引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.9</version>
</dependency>
<!---aspects是spring aop事务管理的依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
    <version>5.10.0-M1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring整合junit相关依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2、bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.louis.junitTest"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

3、创建目标类

@Component
public class User {
    public void user(){
        System.out.println("User.....");
    }
}

4、创建测试类

①JUnit5

方式一

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:bean.xml")

方式二

@SpringJUnitConfig(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")
public class TestUser {
    //注入
    @Autowired
    private User users;

    @Test
    public void test(){
        users.user();
    }
}

/*
* User.....
 */

②JUnit4

依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.13.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

整合JUnit4

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:bean.xml")
public class TestJUnit {
    //注入User
    @Autowired
    private User user;

    @Test
    public void testUser(){
        user.user();
    }
}

/*
* User.....
* */