在第二代SpringCloud中配置网关组件

news2024/11/26 2:27:21

我们接着上次的微服务的项目继续搭建网关组件: 搭建微服务项目

前提准备:

1.打开nacos服务注册中心,在浏览器通过这地址访问

http://10.48.185.7:8848/nacos/index.html

2.启动page和product的微服务

1.新建一个网关的项目

2.导入pom依赖

 <!-- Spring Boot父启动器依赖 -->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 1Gateway网关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 2引入WebFlux -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 测试依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Lombok工具 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.4</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入Jaxb开始 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.10-b140310.1920</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
            <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入Jaxb结束 -->
        <!-- Actuator可以帮助你监控和管理Spring Boot应用 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 热部署 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 链路追踪 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--nacos的客户端依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- Spring Cloud Neflix 公司出品的微服务组件的依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Greenwich.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--Spring Cloud Alibaba微服务组件的依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 打包插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

3.编写配置文件

向nacos服务中心注册, application.properties

server.port=3300

spring.application.name=leq-cloud-gateway

spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848

编写网关的配置,application.yml

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:   # gateway网关配置
      routes: # 配置路由
        - id: service-page-router
          # 动态路由：从(消费)注册中心获取对应服务的实例
          uri: lb://leq-server-page
          predicates: # 当断言匹配成功后，则将请求转发给某个微服务
            - Path=/**

4.创建启动类

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class GatewapApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GatewapApplication.class,args);
    }
}

5.启动该项目,可以看到我们的网关服务注册到中心了

6.给page微服务中添加一个接口

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("page")
public class PageController {
    
    @RequestMapping("find")
    public String find(){
     return "获取message";   
    }
}

7.重启page的微服务,访问刚刚写的接口

http://localhost:3100/page/find

将端口改为网关的端口重新访问 ,也是可以通过我们配置的网关来访问的

8.对访问的主机进行拦截


import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
//定义全局过滤器,会对所有路由生效
@Slf4j
@Component
public class BlacklistGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    //创建黑名单集合
    private static List<String> blacklist =new ArrayList<>();
    //添加黑名单
    static{
//        blacklist.add("127.0.0.1");
        blacklist.add("10.48.185.7");
    }
    @Override//编写过滤规则        exchange  封装了request和response对象     chain网关过滤器链(全局过滤器,单路由过滤器)  Mono对象
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        //获取请求和响应对象
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        //通过request对象获取ip
        String clientIP = request.getRemoteAddress().getHostString();
        System.out.println("ip:"+clientIP);
 
        if(blacklist.contains(clientIP)){
            // 状态码
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            DataBuffer wrap = response.bufferFactory().wrap("Request be denined!".getBytes());
            //拒绝访问,返回执行的结果数据
            return  response.writeWith(Mono.just(wrap));
        }
        //合法请求放行
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }
 
    @Override//返回值表示当前过滤器过滤的顺序,数字越小越靠前
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}