文章目录
- 系列文章
- 1.项目搭建
- 1.1 新建Asp.net core webapi项目
- 1.2 配置连接Mysql
- 1.3 实现对mysql数据库的数据增删改查，接口
- 1.3.1 根据id查询数据
- 1.3.2 根据用户名模糊查询数据，并分页
- 1.3.3 新增用户数据
- 1.3.4 修改用户数据
- 1.3.5 根据ID删除数据
- 1.3.6 接口运行效果
- 2.过程中知识点和涉及到的问题
- 2.1 自定义路由
- 2.2 获取可配置的全局变量
- 源码下载
作者：xcLeigh
文章地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43151418/article/details/131458922
asp.net core 框架搭建2-搭建webapi，本文章介绍asp.net core webapi框架搭建，然后开发增删改查和工具接口，将一步步带着大家，实现目标。所有操作过程将展现在本篇文章，下面咋们一起来实现它吧。
系列文章
- asp.net core 框架搭建1-搭建webapi
- asp.net core 框架搭建2-搭建MVC后台管理系统
- asp.net core 框架搭建3-搭建个人博客，公司官网
- asp.net core 框架搭建4-部署IIS/nguix
1.项目搭建
1.1 新建Asp.net core webapi项目
- 第一步 新建ASP.NET Core Web API ，选择下一步
- 第二步 配置新项目，填写自己的项目名称，选择下一步
- 第三步 其他信息，默认就行，创建项目
- 第四步 查看项目效果
新建完成后，整体效果图
第五步 运行项目（方式1：直接按F5；方式2：vs2022工具点三角启动，在浏览器中查看），查看效果
界面效果
接口返回数据效果
简单的框架搭建起来了，下面咋们在里面开始操作数据了。
1.2 配置连接Mysql
- 第一步 通过Nuget引用MySqlConnector
新建表sys_user
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
`id` int(0) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`tel` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`addr` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 12 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
- 第二步 appsettings.json配置数据库连接字符串
"ConnectionStrings": {
"MysqlConnection": "Data Source=IP地址;Database=数据库名称;User ID=用户名;Password=密码;port=端口;sslmode=none;CharSet=utf8;pooling=true;"
},
- 第三步 封装MySqlConnection连接类
program.cs中注入数据库连接串
//Transient：每次从容器 （IServiceProvider）中获取的时候都是一个新的实例
//Singleton：每次从同根容器中（同根IServiceProvider）获取的时候都是同一个实例
//Scoped：每次从同一个容器中获取的实例是相同的
builder.Services.AddTransient<AppDb>(_ => new AppDb(builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("MysqlConnection")));
从配置文件读取ConnectionString，创建连接对象。
public class AppDb : IDisposable
{
public MySqlConnection Connection;
public AppDb(string connectionString)
{
Connection = new MySqlConnection(connectionString);
}
public void Dispose()
{
Connection.Close();
}
}
- 第四步 新建数据实体类
引用数据库实体类
public class UserInfoModel
{
[JsonIgnore]
public AppDb Db { get; set; }
public UserInfoModel(AppDb db = null)
{
Db = db;
}
public int Id { get; set; }
public string UserName { get; set; }
public string PassWord { get; set; }
public string Tel { get; set; }
public string Email { get; set; }
public string Addr { get; set; }
}
普通参数实体类
public class UserInfo
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string UserName { get; set; }
public string PassWord { get; set; }
public string Tel { get; set; }
public string Email { get; set; }
public string Addr { get; set; }
}
- 第五步 操作数据类
这里面集中了对数据库的增上改查，分页，根据条件查询等方法，可以直接调用。
//操作数据库
public class AppDbOper
{
public readonly AppDb Db;
public AppDbOper(AppDb db)
{
Db = db;
}
#region 新增修改
public async Task<int> InsertAsync(UserInfo userInfo)
{
var cmd = Db.Connection.CreateCommand() as MySqlCommand;
cmd.CommandText = @"INSERT INTO `sys_user` (`username`,`password`,`tel`,`email`,`addr`)VALUES(@username,@password,@tel,@email,@addr);";
BindParams(cmd, userInfo);
int num=await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();
int id = (int)cmd.LastInsertedId;
return num;
}
public async Task<int> UpdateAsync(UserInfo userInfo)
{
var cmd = Db.Connection.CreateCommand() as MySqlCommand;
cmd.CommandText = @"UPDATE `sys_user` SET `username`=@username,`password`=@password,`tel`=@tel,`email`=@email,`addr`=@addr WHERE `Id`=@id;";
BindParams(cmd, userInfo);
BindId(cmd, userInfo.Id);
int num = await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();
return num;
}
private void BindId(MySqlCommand cmd,int id)
{
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@id",
DbType = DbType.Int32,
Value = id,
});
}
private void BindParams(MySqlCommand cmd,UserInfo userInfo)
{
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@password",
DbType = DbType.String,
Value = userInfo.PassWord,
});
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@username",
DbType = DbType.String,
Value = userInfo.UserName,
});
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@tel",
DbType = DbType.String,
Value = userInfo.Tel,
});
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@email",
DbType = DbType.String,
Value = userInfo.Email,
});
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@addr",
DbType = DbType.String,
Value = userInfo.Addr,
});
}
#endregion
#region 删除
public async Task<int> DeleteAllAsync(string id)
{
//var txn = await Db.Connection.BeginTransactionAsync();
int num = 0;
try
{
var cmd = Db.Connection.CreateCommand() as MySqlCommand;
cmd.CommandText = @"DELETE FROM `sys_user` where id=@id";
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@id",
DbType = DbType.Int32,
Value = id,
});
num =await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();
//await txn.CommitAsync();
}
catch
{
//await txn.RollbackAsync();
//throw;
}
return num;
}
#endregion
public async Task<UserInfoModel> FindOneAsync(int id)
{
var cmd = Db.Connection.CreateCommand() as MySqlCommand;
cmd.CommandText = @"SELECT `Id`, `username`, `password`, `tel`, `email`, `addr` FROM `sys_user` WHERE `Id` = @id";
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter{
ParameterName = "@id",
DbType = DbType.Int32,
Value = id,
});
var result = await ReadAllAsync(await cmd.ExecuteReaderAsync());
return result.Count > 0 ? result[0] : null;
}
#region 分页
public async Task<int> getListCount(string username) {
int num = 0;
var cmd = Db.Connection.CreateCommand();
cmd.CommandText = @"select count(*) num from `sys_user` where username like @username";
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@username",
DbType = DbType.String,
Value = "%" + username + "%",
});
var reader = await cmd.ExecuteReaderAsync();
while (reader.Read())
{
if (!reader.IsDBNull(reader.GetOrdinal("num")))
{
num = Convert.ToInt32(reader[0]);
}
else
{
num = 0;
}
}
return num;
}
public async Task<List<UserInfoModel>> ListPostsAsync(int page, int limit, string username)
{
//limit 页大小 page 第几页
int _startPage = limit * (page-1);
int _endPage = limit * (page-1)+limit;
var cmd = Db.Connection.CreateCommand();
cmd.CommandText = @"SELECT `Id`, `username`, `password`, `tel`, `email`, `addr` FROM `sys_user` where username like @username ORDER BY `Id` DESC LIMIT @start,@end;";
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@username",
DbType = DbType.String,
Value = "%"+username+"%",
});
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@start",
DbType = DbType.Int32,
Value = _startPage,
});
cmd.Parameters.Add(new MySqlParameter
{
ParameterName = "@end",
DbType = DbType.Int32,
Value = _endPage,
});
return await ReadAllAsync(await cmd.ExecuteReaderAsync());
}
#endregion
public async Task<List<UserInfoModel>> LatestPostsAsync()
{
var cmd = Db.Connection.CreateCommand();
cmd.CommandText = @"SELECT `Id`, `username`, `password`, `tel`, `email`, `addr` FROM `sys_user` ORDER BY `Id` DESC LIMIT 10;";
return await ReadAllAsync(await cmd.ExecuteReaderAsync());
}
private async Task<List<UserInfoModel>> ReadAllAsync(DbDataReader reader)
{
var posts = new List<UserInfoModel>();
using (reader)
{
while (await reader.ReadAsync())
{
var post = new UserInfoModel(Db)
{
Id = await reader.GetFieldValueAsync<int>(0),
UserName = await reader.GetFieldValueAsync<string>(1),
PassWord = await reader.GetFieldValueAsync<string>(2),
Tel = await reader.GetFieldValueAsync<string>(3),
Email = await reader.GetFieldValueAsync<string>(4),
Addr = await reader.GetFieldValueAsync<string>(5)
};
posts.Add(post);
}
}
return posts;
}
}
1.3 实现对mysql数据库的数据增删改查，接口
1.3.1 根据id查询数据
#region 根据id查询数据
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ApiResponse<UserInfoModel>> getUserInfoById(int id)
{
using (_db)
{
await _db.Connection.OpenAsync();
var query = new AppDbOper(_db);
var result = await query.FindOneAsync(id);
if (result == null)
return new ApiResponse<UserInfoModel>(200, "暂无数据", null);
return new ApiResponse<UserInfoModel>(200, "请求成功", result);
}
}
#endregion
1.3.2 根据用户名模糊查询数据，并分页
- page 第几页
- limit 页条数
- username 根据用户名模糊查询
#region 根据条件查询数据，分页
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ApiResponse<List<UserInfoModel>>> getUserInfoPage(int page, int limit, string? username)
{
using (_db)
{
await _db.Connection.OpenAsync();
var query = new AppDbOper(_db);
int num = await query.getListCount(username);
await _db.Connection.CloseAsync();
await _db.Connection.OpenAsync();
var result = await query.ListPostsAsync(page,limit,username);
if (result == null)
return new ApiResponse<List<UserInfoModel>>(200, num+"", null);
return new ApiResponse<List<UserInfoModel>>(200, num + "", result);
}
}
#endregion
1.3.3 新增用户数据
#region 新增数据
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ApiResponseNull> addUserInfo([FromQuery] UserInfo userInfo)
{
using (_db)
{
await _db.Connection.OpenAsync();
var query = new AppDbOper(_db);
var result = await query.InsertAsync(userInfo);
if (result >0)
return new ApiResponseNull(200, "请求成功");
return new ApiResponseNull(200, "请求失败");
}
}
#endregion
1.3.4 修改用户数据
#region 修改用户数据
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ApiResponseNull> updateUserInfo([FromQuery] UserInfo userInfo)
{
using (_db)
{
await _db.Connection.OpenAsync();
var query = new AppDbOper(_db);
var result = await query.UpdateAsync(userInfo);
if (result > 0)
return new ApiResponseNull(200, "请求成功");
return new ApiResponseNull(200, "请求失败");
}
}
#endregion
1.3.5 根据ID删除数据
#region 根据ID删除数据
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ApiResponseNull> delUserInfo(string id)
{
using (_db)
{
await _db.Connection.OpenAsync();
var query = new AppDbOper(_db);
var result = await query.DeleteAllAsync(id);
if (result > 0)
return new ApiResponseNull(200, "请求成功");
return new ApiResponseNull(200, "请求失败");
}
}
#endregion
1.3.6 接口运行效果
可以直接在这个页面上，测试自己的接口，每个接口都测试通过。
至此，webapi对数据的增删改查就实现了，恭喜你。
2.过程中知识点和涉及到的问题
2.1 自定义路由
[Route("[controller]")]
//默认路径，如果有多个action会冲突，所以改成这种
[Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
访问地址
https://localhost:端口/api/控制器/方法
2.2 获取可配置的全局变量
appsettings.json配置全局变量
"ItemName": "xcSharpApi",
"MySettingValue": {
"ItemAddr": "/api/v1/",
"ItemTime": "60"
}
Controller里面调用
public class XcsharpController : ControllerBase
{
public readonly AppDb Db;
private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
public XcsharpController(AppDb db, IConfiguration configuration)
{
Db = db;
_configuration = configuration;
}
#region 获取系统配置信息
/// <summary>
/// 获取系统配置信息
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ApiResponseNull> getSysInfo()
{
string name = "";
try
{
name = _configuration["ItemName"];
//name = _configuration.GetSection("MySettingValue")["ItemAddr"];
}
catch (Exception e)
{
name = e.Message;
}
return new ApiResponseNull(200, name);
}
#endregion
}
源码下载
asp.net core框架搭建1-搭建webapi，对数据增删改查模板（源码） 点击下载
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注：本文撰写于CSDN平台,作者：xcLeigh（所有权归作者所有），https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43151418，如果相关下载没有跳转，请查看这个地址，相关链接没有跳转，皆是抄袭本文，转载请备注本文原地址。
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原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43151418/article/details/131458922（防止抄袭，原文地址不可删除）
