SpringBoot3之GraalVM之Linux详细安装及使用教程

Linux安装底层工具相关依赖

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yum install -y gcc glibc-devel zlib-devel

安装GraalVM JDK

《GraalVM官网下载》
找到最近的GraalVM Community Edition X.X.X点击Assets（因为我的是SpringBoot3项目，起始JDK就要求17，所以我下载17）下载速度慢的话，可以使用第三方下载工具，如：迅雷等
选择如下2个内容下载
graalvm-ce-java17-linux-amd64-X.X.X.tar.gz
native-image-installable-svm-java17-linux-amd64-X.X.X.jar

配置JDK环境变量为GraalVM的环境变量，因为GraalVM就是JDK

如果之前已经有Java的环境变量，则要替换为GraalVM
把文件上传到/usr/local/java/目录下进行解压graalvm-ce-java17-linux-amd64-X.X.X.tar.gz（GraalVM JDK）

mkdir -p /usr/local/java
cd /usr/local/java
tar -zxvf graalvm-ce-java17-linux-amd64-22.3.1.tar.gz

配置环境变量

vim  /etc/profile

找到export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL，在下面写上：

#java
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/graalvm-ce-java17-22.3.1
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin

java17是没有jre/bin目录的，但是为了方便切换到8版本，还是保留吧。想切换到java只需要修改环境变量JAVA_HOME为你java8的安装目录即可。
:wq保存并退出，使环境变量生效

source /etc/profile && java -version

输出

openjdk version "17.0.6" 2023-01-17
OpenJDK Runtime Environment GraalVM CE 22.3.1 (build 17.0.6+10-jvmci-22.3-b13)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM GraalVM CE 22.3.1 (build 17.0.6+10-jvmci-22.3-b13, mixed mode, sharing)

安装GraalVM Native-Image

把native-image-installable-svm-java17-linux-amd64-X.X.X.jar上传到/usr/local/java/目录下进行安装

gu install --file native-image-installable-svm-java17-linux-amd64-22.3.1.jar

输入native-image --help看看控制台是否输出相关帮助命令，如果输出，则安装成功。

native-image --help

SpringBoot3

新增spring boot3项目选择JDK为GraalVM JDK17
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pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.fu</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot3-aot-graalvm-native-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!-- 没有跟demo-maven作为父子项目，而是以SpringBoot作为父项目 -->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.5</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- AOT Graalvm native maven 插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.graalvm.buildtools</groupId>
                <artifactId>native-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

建个HelloController.java和SpringBootApplication启动类

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @GetMapping("hello")
    public String hello() {
        return "Hello World.";
    }

}

把SpringBoot3打成jar包上传到linux服务器

native-image -jar springboot3-native-demo.jar

运行过程当中可能会产生一些警告或错误，但是程序是可以正常运行的，因为打成二进制（汇编）需要的是确定的、不可变的类型，而反射、泛型等是动态的类型，如果运行过程当中类型发生改变，则程序就会出错，因此会发出警告。

GraalVM Native Image: Generating 'springboot3-native-demo' (executable)...
========================================================================================================================
[1/7] Initializing...                                                                                    (4.1s @ 0.18GB)
 Version info: 'GraalVM 22.3.1 Java 17 CE'
 Java version info: '17.0.6+10-jvmci-22.3-b13'
 C compiler: gcc (redhat, x86_64, 4.8.5)
 Garbage collector: Serial GC
[2/7] Performing analysis...  [******]                                                                  (19.3s @ 0.61GB)
   3,587 (76.86%) of  4,667 classes reachable
   4,509 (52.77%) of  8,545 fields reachable
  16,135 (45.95%) of 35,113 methods reachable
     160 classes,     0 fields, and   539 methods registered for reflection
      59 classes,    59 fields, and    52 methods registered for JNI access
       4 native libraries: dl, pthread, rt, z
[3/7] Building universe...                                                                               (2.3s @ 0.49GB)

Warning: Reflection method java.lang.Class.forName invoked at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:46)
Warning: Reflection method java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethod invoked at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:47)
Warning: Reflection method java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructor invoked at org.springframework.boot.loader.jar.Handler.getFallbackHandler(Handler.java:200)
Warning: Aborting stand-alone image build due to reflection use without configuration.
Warning: Use -H:+ReportExceptionStackTraces to print stacktrace of underlying exception
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        0.6s (2.4% of total time) in 23 GCs | Peak RSS: 1.07GB | CPU load: 3.41
========================================================================================================================
Failed generating 'springboot3-native-demo' after 25.8s.
Generating fallback image...
Warning: Image 'springboot3-native-demo' is a fallback image that requires a JDK for execution (use --no-fallback to suppress fallback image generatformation why a fallback image was necessary).

打包会生成2个文件，第一个就是二进制可执行文件，第二个是构建工件（可以删除），第三个是jar文件（不能删除）。
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启动/data/graalvm/下的springboot3-native-demo二进制可执行文件

PS：因为我把jar包上传到了/data/graalvm/目录下

/data/graalvm/springboot3-native-demo

输出

[root@node1 graalvm]# ./spring-boot3-aot-graalvm-native-demo-1.0-SNAPSHOT

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::                (v3.0.5)

2023-07-02T11:18:20.990-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] c.f.s.SpringBoot3AotGraalvmNativeDemo    : Starting SpringBoot3AotGraalvmNativeDemo v1.0-SNAPSHOT using Java 17.0.6 with PID 2500 (/data/graalvm/spring-boot3-aot-graalvm-native-demo-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar started by root in /data/graalvm)
2023-07-02T11:18:20.993-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] c.f.s.SpringBoot3AotGraalvmNativeDemo    : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2023-07-02T11:18:21.869-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2023-07-02T11:18:21.879-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2023-07-02T11:18:21.879-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine    : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.1.7]
2023-07-02T11:18:21.951-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2023-07-02T11:18:21.953-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 889 ms
2023-07-02T11:18:22.306-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2023-07-02T11:18:22.320-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [           main] c.f.s.SpringBoot3AotGraalvmNativeDemo    : Started SpringBoot3AotGraalvmNativeDemo in 1.803 seconds (process running for 2.287)
2023-07-02T11:18:43.548-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2023-07-02T11:18:43.549-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2023-07-02T11:18:43.550-04:00  INFO 2500 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 1 ms

访问linux服务器的ip:8080/hello成功输出Hello World.

后台启动命令

nohup /data/graalvm/springboot3-native-demo >/dev/null 2>&1 &

查看后台是否启动项目8080是项目的端口号

netstat -ntlp | grep 8080