SpringBoot集成WebSocket的两种方式

news2025/4/5 2:56:23

本站在2014年4月时曾全面的学习HTML5的技术，特写过HTML5的WebSocket示例，当时使用的Servlet3.0规范中的API，需要Tomcat7的支持（貌似在Tomcat6的后期维护版本也增加了WebSocket的支持），早在当初该示例还是本站的一个特色功能，好多来找我要源码的呢。时隔多年再来使用SpringBoot架构来体验一下集成WebSocket的实现，经过一番资料的百科大概有找到使用两种方式的实现，我分别对它们进行了实践，所以我称这两种方式为JDK内置版和Spring封装版。

1.JDK内置版

主要是使用javax.websocket包下的注解进行集成，主要有：ServerEndpoint、OnOpen、OnMessage、OnClose、OnError相关的类和注解来集成，整体上比较简单，都是基于注解定义的方法来声明的，参考如下代码所示：

JdkWebSocket

package cn.chendd.websocket.jdk;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;

/**
 * websocket实现
 *
 * @date 2023/6/2 21:02
 */
@Component
@ServerEndpoint(value = "/websocket/jdk")
public class JdkWebSocket {

    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session) {
        System.out.println("WebSocketConfig.onOpen");
    }

    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(Session session , String message) {
        System.out.println("WebSocketConfig.onMessage-->" + session + "--->" + message);
    }

    @OnClose
    public void onClose() {
        System.out.println("WebSocketConfig.onClose");
    }

    @OnError
    public void onError(Session sesison , Throwable throwable) {
        System.out.println("WebSocketConfig.onError-->" + sesison + "--->" + throwable);
    }

}

JdkWebSocketConfig

package cn.chendd.websocket.jdk;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;

/**
 * @author chendd
 * @date 2023/6/2 21:15
 */
@Configuration
public class JdkWebSocketConfig {

    @Bean
    public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter(){
        return new ServerEndpointExporter();
    }

}

运行结果

2.Spring封装版

Spring封装版本有对于消息类型进行封装，提供了更加全面的WebSocket方面的API，值得深入分析。

SpringWebSocketHandler

package cn.chendd.websocket.spring;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.*;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;

/**
 * SpringWebSocketHandler
 *
 * @author chendd
 * @date 2023/6/2 22:08
 */
@Component
public class SpringWebSocketHandler extends TextWebSocketHandler {

    @Override
    public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
        super.afterConnectionEstablished(session);
        System.out.println("SpringWebSocketHandler.afterConnectionEstablished");
    }

    @Override
    public void handleMessage(WebSocketSession session, WebSocketMessage<?> message) throws Exception {
        super.handleMessage(session, message);
        System.out.println("SpringWebSocketHandler.handleMessage");
    }

    @Override
    protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {
        super.handleTextMessage(session, message);
        System.out.println("SpringWebSocketHandler.handleTextMessage");
    }

    @Override
    protected void handlePongMessage(WebSocketSession session, PongMessage message) throws Exception {
        super.handlePongMessage(session, message);
        System.out.println("SpringWebSocketHandler.handlePongMessage");
    }

    @Override
    public void handleTransportError(WebSocketSession session, Throwable exception) throws Exception {
        super.handleTransportError(session, exception);
        System.out.println("SpringWebSocketHandler.handleTransportError");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus status) throws Exception {
        super.afterConnectionClosed(session, status);
        System.out.println("SpringWebSocketHandler.afterConnectionClosed");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supportsPartialMessages() {
        System.out.println("SpringWebSocketHandler.supportsPartialMessages");
        return super.supportsPartialMessages();
    }
}

SpringWebSocketConfig

package cn.chendd.websocket.spring;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * SpringWebSocketConfig
 *
 * @author chendd
 * @date 2023/6/2 22:11
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class SpringWebSocketConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {

    @Resource
    private SpringWebSocketHandler springWebSocketHandler;

    @Override
    public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addHandler(springWebSocketHandler , "/websocket/spring").setAllowedOrigins("*");
    }
}