方法1：

在网上查看的推荐方法（C++代码），但没解决我遇到的问题；

	CPLSetConfigOption("GDAL_FILENAME_IS_UTF8", "NO");// 中文路径问题
	CPLSetConfigOption("SHAPE_ENCODING", "");// 属性表乱码

方法2：

1.通过在线网网站，查看编码

https://wrtools.top/coderepair.php

现在乱码的utf-8，原本gbk是正常的，那就将utf-8转换成gbk编码问题就解决了。

2.参考C++中gbk和utf8互相转换文章

原文链接：C++实现utf8和gbk编码字符串互相转换
不同系统或者服务器之间消息传递经常遇到编码转换问题，这里用C++实现了一个轻量的gbk和utf8互相转换，可跨平台使用。（重量级的可以用libiconv库）

在windows下用<windows.h>头文件里的函数进行多字节和宽字符转换，linux下采用<iconv.h>头文件里的函数进行编码互相解析。

代码

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

using namespace std;

#ifdef _WIN32
#include <windows.h>

string GbkToUtf8(const char *src_str)
{
	int len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, src_str, -1, NULL, 0);
	wchar_t* wstr = new wchar_t[len + 1];
	memset(wstr, 0, len + 1);
	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, src_str, -1, wstr, len);
	len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	char* str = new char[len + 1];
	memset(str, 0, len + 1);
	WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr, -1, str, len, NULL, NULL);
	string strTemp = str;
	if (wstr) delete[] wstr;
	if (str) delete[] str;
	return strTemp;
}

string Utf8ToGbk(const char *src_str)
{
	int len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, src_str, -1, NULL, 0);
	wchar_t* wszGBK = new wchar_t[len + 1];
	memset(wszGBK, 0, len * 2 + 2);
	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, src_str, -1, wszGBK, len);
	len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wszGBK, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
	char* szGBK = new char[len + 1];
	memset(szGBK, 0, len + 1);
	WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wszGBK, -1, szGBK, len, NULL, NULL);
	string strTemp(szGBK);
	if (wszGBK) delete[] wszGBK;
	if (szGBK) delete[] szGBK;
	return strTemp;
}
#else
#include <iconv.h>

int GbkToUtf8(char *str_str, size_t src_len, char *dst_str, size_t dst_len)
{
	iconv_t cd;
	char **pin = &str_str;
	char **pout = &dst_str;

	cd = iconv_open("utf8", "gbk");
	if (cd == 0)
		return -1;
	memset(dst_str, 0, dst_len);
	if (iconv(cd, pin, &src_len, pout, &dst_len) == -1)
		return -1;
	iconv_close(cd);
	*pout = '\0';

	return 0;
}

int Utf8ToGbk(char *src_str, size_t src_len, char *dst_str, size_t dst_len)
{
	iconv_t cd;
	char **pin = &src_str;
	char **pout = &dst_str;

	cd = iconv_open("gbk", "utf8");
	if (cd == 0)
		return -1;
	memset(dst_str, 0, dst_len);
	if (iconv(cd, pin, &src_len, pout, &dst_len) == -1)
		return -1;
	iconv_close(cd);
	*pout = '\0';

	return 0;
}


#endif

int main(void)
{
	char *src_str = "葡萄美酒夜光杯";
	cout << "origin string: " << src_str << endl;

#ifdef _WIN32
	// windows default is gbk
	string dst_str = GbkToUtf8(src_str);
	cout << "gbk to utf8: " << dst_str << endl;

	string str_utf8 = Utf8ToGbk(dst_str.c_str());
	cout << "utf8 to gbk: " << str_utf8 << endl;
#else
	// unix default is utf8
	char dst_gbk[1024] = {0};
	Utf8ToGbk(src_str, strlen(src_str), dst_gbk, sizeof(dst_gbk));
	cout << "utf8 to gbk: " << dst_gbk << endl;

	char dst_utf8[1024] = {0};
	GbkToUtf8(dst_gbk, strlen(dst_gbk), dst_utf8, sizeof(dst_utf8));
	cout << "gbk to utf8: " << dst_utf8 << endl;
#endif

	return 0;
}

gdal示例代码

	const char* value = pFeature->GetFieldAsString(i);// 获取到的乱码字段值
	string dst_str = Utf8ToGbk(value); // utf-8转换成gbk
	std::cout << dst_str << std::endl; 

参考网站：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30892037/article/details/99334880
C++实现utf8和gbk编码字符串互相转换