基于 A* 搜索算法来优化无线传感器节点网络的平均电池寿命（Matlab代码实现）

news2025/10/31 23:28:01

💥1 概述

📚2 运行结果

🎉3 参考文献

👨‍💻4 Matlab代码

💥1 概述

A*（念做：A Star）算法是一种很常用的路径查找和图形遍历算法。它有较好的性能和准确度。本文使用 A* 搜索算法来优化无线传感器节点网络的平均电池寿命。

📚2 运行结果

主函数部分代码：

close all;
clear;
clc;
%-------------------------------
%Number of Nodes in the field
 n=200;
%n=input('Enter the number of nodes in the space : '); 
%Energy Model (all values in Joules)
%Initial Energy 
Eo=0.1;
%Eo=input('Enter the initial energy of sensor nJ : ');
%Field Dimensions - x and y maximum (in meters)
% xm=input('Enter x value for area plot : ');
% ym=input('Enter y value for area plot : ');  
xm=100;
ym=100;

%x and y Coordinates of the Sink
sink.x=1.5*xm;
sink.y=0.5*ym;

%Optimal Election Probability of a node
%to become cluster head
p=0.2;

%Eelec=Etx=Erx
ETX=50*0.000000001;
ERX=50*0.000000001;
%Transmit Amplifier types
Efs=10*0.000000000001;
Emp=0.0013*0.000000000001;
%Data Aggregation Energy
EDA=5*0.000000001;

%Values for Hetereogeneity
%Percentage of nodes than are advanced
m=0.5;
%\alpha
a=1;

%maximum number of rounds
%rmax=input('enter the number of iterations you want to run : '); 
rmax=200;
%------------------

%Computation of do
do=sqrt(Efs/Emp);

%Creation of the random Sensor Network
figure(1);
hold off;
for i=1:1:n
    S(i).xd=rand(1,1)*xm;
    XR(i)=S(i).xd;
    S(i).yd=rand(1,1)*ym;
    YR(i)=S(i).yd;
    S(i).G=0;
    %initially there are no cluster heads only nodes
    S(i).type='N';
   
    temp_rnd0=i;
    %Random Election of Normal Nodes
    if (temp_rnd0>=m*n+1) 
        S(i).E=Eo;
        S(i).ENERGY=0;
        plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'o-r');
        hold on;
    end
    %Random Election of Advanced Nodes
    if (temp_rnd0<m*n+1)  
        S(i).E=Eo*(1+a);
        S(i).ENERGY=1;
        plot(S(i).xd,S(i).yd,'+');
        hold on;
    end
end

S(n+1).xd=sink.x;
S(n+1).yd=sink.y;
plot(S(n+1).xd,S(n+1).yd,'o', 'MarkerSize', 12, 'MarkerFaceColor', 'r');
figure(1);  
% figure(1)
%  plot(o1,o2,'^','LineWidth',1, 'MarkerEdgeColor','k', 'MarkerFaceColor','y', 'MarkerSize',12);
%    hold on
%First Iteration
%counter for CHs
countCHs=0;
%counter for CHs per round
rcountCHs=0;
cluster=1;

countCHs;
rcountCHs=rcountCHs+countCHs;
flag_first_dead=0;

for r=0:1:rmax
    r;

  %Operation for epoch
    if(mod(r, round(1/p) )==0)
        for i=1:1:n
            S(i).G=0;
            S(i).cl=0;
        end
    end