电力系统中针对状态估计的虚假数据注入攻击建模与对策（Matlab代码实现）

news2025/2/27 8:16:46

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🍁🥬🕒摘要🕒🥬🍁

虚假数据注入攻击(false data injection attacks，FDIAs)能够利用能量管理系统中的坏数据检测漏洞，恶意篡改状态估计结果，严重危害电力系统的安全可靠运行。同时，配电网因其网络拓扑结构复杂，量测冗余度低等特点，存在更大的潜在网络攻击威胁。

虚假数据注入攻击已被证明是对抗电力系统的严重安全挑战之一。这正成为电力公司日益关注的问题，近年来引起了电力系统研究人员和工程师的注意。电力系统运行和规划中的状态估计是监测和控制系统的重要工具，通过电表测量和电力系统拓扑来估计电力系统的最佳状态。因此，本文提出了避免系统内不必要的全面停电的建模和对策。本文还考虑了输电和配电系统对FDIA的脆弱性。本文的结果可以作为制定必要的电力系统网络脆弱性保护对策的基础。

✨🔎⚡运行结果⚡🔎✨

💂♨️👨‍🎓Matlab代码👨‍🎓♨️💂

部分代码：

% Power System State Estimation using Weighted Least Square Method..

num = 30; % IEEE - 14 or IEEE - 30 bus system..(for IEEE-14 bus system replace 30 by 14)...
ybus = ybusppg(num); % Get YBus..
zdata = zdatas(num); % Get Measurement data..
bpq = bbusppg(num); % Get B data..
nbus = max(max(zdata(:,4)),max(zdata(:,5))); % Get number of buses..
type = zdata(:,2); % Type of measurement, Vi - 1, Pi - 2, Qi - 3, Pij - 4, Qij - 5, Iij - 6..
z = zdata(:,3); % Measuement values..
fbus = zdata(:,4); % From bus..
tbus = zdata(:,5); % To bus..
Ri = diag(zdata(:,6)); % Measurement Error..
V = ones(nbus,1); % Initialize the bus voltages..
del = zeros(nbus,1); % Initialize the bus angles..
E = [del(2:end); V]; % State Vector..
G = real(ybus);
B = imag(ybus);

vi = find(type == 1); % Index of voltage magnitude measurements..
ppi = find(type == 2); % Index of real power injection measurements..
qi = find(type == 3); % Index of reactive power injection measurements..
pf = find(type == 4); % Index of real powerflow measurements..
qf = find(type == 5); % Index of reactive powerflow measurements..

nvi = length(vi); % Number of Voltage measurements..
npi = length(ppi); % Number of Real Power Injection measurements..
nqi = length(qi); % Number of Reactive Power Injection measurements..
npf = length(pf); % Number of Real Power Flow measurements..
nqf = length(qf); % Number of Reactive Power Flow measurements..

iter = 1;
tol = 5;

while(tol > 1e-4)

%Measurement Function, h
h1 = V(fbus(vi),1);
h2 = zeros(npi,1);
h3 = zeros(nqi,1);
h4 = zeros(npf,1);
h5 = zeros(nqf,1);

for i = 1:npi
m = fbus(ppi(i));
for k = 1:nbus
h2(i) = h2(i) + V(m)*V(k)*(G(m,k)*cos(del(m)-del(k)) + B(m,k)*sin(del(m)-del(k)));
end
end

for i = 1:nqi
m = fbus(qi(i));
for k = 1:nbus
h3(i) = h3(i) + V(m)*V(k)*(G(m,k)*sin(del(m)-del(k)) - B(m,k)*cos(del(m)-del(k)));
end
end

for i = 1:npf
m = fbus(pf(i));
n = tbus(pf(i));
h4(i) = -V(m)^2*G(m,n) - V(m)*V(n)*(-G(m,n)*cos(del(m)-del(n)) - B(m,n)*sin(del(m)-del(n)));
end