1. 监控指标
-
集群监控
①节点资源利用率
②节点数
③运行pods -
pod监控
①容器指标
②应用程序
2. 监控平台
1. Prometheus
开源的;集成了很多功能,比如监控、报警、数据库等;以HTTP协议周期性的抓取被监控组件的状态以及相应的数据;不需要复杂的集成过程,只需要使用HTTP接口接入就可以了。
2. Grafana
开源的数据分析和可视化的工具;支持多种数据源。
通过Prometheus抓取数据,进行存储,通过Grafana读取展示可视化。
3. 搭建监控平台
(1)部署Prometheus
使用二进制包或者通过yaml文件部署,这里采用yaml文件部署。
将Windows系统中的yaml文件传入Linux系统,逐个运行。
- 部署守护进程
node-exporter.yaml
文件内容如下
kubectl create -f node-exporter.yaml
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: node-exporter
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: node-exporter
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: node-exporter
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: node-exporter
spec:
containers:
- image: prom/node-exporter
name: node-exporter
ports:
- containerPort: 9100
protocol: TCP
name: http
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: node-exporter
name: node-exporter
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- name: http
port: 9100
nodePort: 31672
protocol: TCP
type: NodePort
selector:
k8s-app: node-exporter
- 部署其他yaml文件
①rbac-setup.yaml
文件内容
kubectl create -f rbac-setup.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources:
- nodes
- nodes/proxy
- services
- endpoints
- pods
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- ingresses
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- nonResourceURLs: ["/metrics"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: prometheus
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: prometheus
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: prometheus
namespace: kube-system
②configmap.yaml
文件内容
kubectl create -f configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: prometheus-config
namespace: kube-system
data:
prometheus.yml: |
global:
scrape_interval: 15s
evaluation_interval: 15s
scrape_configs:
- job_name: 'kubernetes-apiservers'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: endpoints
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
action: keep
regex: default;kubernetes;https
- job_name: 'kubernetes-nodes'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: node
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- target_label: __address__
replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
regex: (.+)
target_label: __metrics_path__
replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics
- job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: node
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- target_label: __address__
replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
regex: (.+)
target_label: __metrics_path__
replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor
- job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: endpoints
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
action: replace
target_label: __scheme__
regex: (https?)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
action: replace
target_label: __metrics_path__
regex: (.+)
- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
action: replace
target_label: __address__
regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
replacement: $1:$2
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_name
- job_name: 'kubernetes-services'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: service
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [http_2xx]
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__address__]
target_label: __param_target
- target_label: __address__
replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
target_label: kubernetes_name
- job_name: 'kubernetes-ingresses'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: ingress
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]
regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}
target_label: __param_target
- target_label: __address__
replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]
target_label: kubernetes_name
- job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: pod
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
action: replace
target_label: __metrics_path__
regex: (.+)
- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
action: replace
regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
replacement: $1:$2
target_label: __address__
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
③prometheus.deploy.yml
文件内容
kubectl create -f prometheus.deploy.yml
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
name: prometheus-deployment
name: prometheus
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: prometheus
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: prometheus
spec:
containers:
- image: prom/prometheus:v2.0.0
name: prometheus
command:
- "/bin/prometheus"
args:
- "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
- "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus"
- "--storage.tsdb.retention=24h"
ports:
- containerPort: 9090
protocol: TCP
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: "/prometheus"
name: data
- mountPath: "/etc/prometheus"
name: config-volume
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 2500Mi
serviceAccountName: prometheus
volumes:
- name: data
emptyDir: {}
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: prometheus-config
④prometheus.svc.yml
文件内容
kubectl create -f prometheus.svc.yml
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
app: prometheus
name: prometheus
namespace: kube-system
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 9090
targetPort: 9090
nodePort: 30003
selector:
app: prometheus
⑤查看pod
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
(2)部署Grafana
①grafana-deploy.yaml
文件内容
kubectl create -f grafana-deploy.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: grafana-core
namespace: kube-system
labels:
app: grafana
component: core
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: grafana
component: core
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: grafana
component: core
spec:
containers:
- image: grafana/grafana:7.4.3
name: grafana-core
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
# env:
resources:
# keep request = limit to keep this container in guaranteed class
limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
env:
# The following env variables set up basic auth twith the default admin user and admin password.
- name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED
value: "true"
- name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED
value: "false"
# - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE
# value: Admin
# does not really work, because of template variables in exported dashboards:
# - name: GF_DASHBOARDS_JSON_ENABLED
# value: "true"
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /login
port: 3000
# initialDelaySeconds: 30
# timeoutSeconds: 1
volumeMounts:
- name: grafana-persistent-storage
mountPath: /var/lib/grafana
volumes:
- name: grafana-persistent-storage
emptyDir: {}
②grafana-svc.yaml
文件内容
kubectl create -f grafana-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: grafana
namespace: kube-system
labels:
app: grafana
component: core
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 3000
selector:
app: grafana
component: core
③grafana-ing.yaml
文件内容
kubectl create -f grafana-ing.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: grafana
namespace: kube-system
spec:
rules:
- host: k8s.grafana
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: grafana
servicePort: 3000
(3)打开Grafana,配置数据源,导入显示模板
①测试
kubectl get svc -n kube-system -o wide
查看端口号,用节点IP+端口号,访问Grafana
默认用户名密码都是:admin
②配置数据源,使用Prometheos
Url那里填写prometheus对应的CLUSTER-IP
③设置显示数据模板
选择自己的数据源后import
导入后即可看到检控看板。