Oracle Linux8 安装 MySQL 8.4.3,搭建一主一从

文章目录

安装依赖
获取安装包
解压
准备相关目录
设置配置文件
启动数据库
连接数据库
socket 文件优化
同样方法准备 3307 数据库实例
设置配置文件
启动 3307 实例数据库
连接并查看 3307 数据库实例
基于 bin log 搭建主从模式

安装依赖

yum install -y numactl libaio ncurses-compat-libs

获取安装包

[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]# ll /root/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.17-aarch64.tar.xz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 896423176 Apr 20 21:40 /root/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.17-aarch64.tar.xz

解压

cd /root
tar xf mysql*xz -C /usr/local/
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.17-aarch64 /usr/local/mysql

准备相关目录

cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p 3306/{data,socket,error_log,slow_error_log,pid_log,file}
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql  --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/3306/data


2025-04-20T14:08:36.281629Z 0 [System] [MY-015017] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - start.
2025-04-20T14:08:36.283506Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.4.3) initializing of server in progress as process 2983
2025-04-20T14:08:36.296320Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
get_mempolicy: Function not implemented
2025-04-20T14:08:36.299476Z 1 [Warning] [MY-011873] [InnoDB] Failed to set NUMA memory policy to MPOL_INTERLEAVE: Function not implemented
get_mempolicy: Function not implemented
2025-04-20T14:08:36.299650Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011879] [InnoDB] Failed to set NUMA memory policy of buffer pool page frames with mbind(0xffff77d10000,137297920,MPOL_INTERLEAVE,...,...,MPOL_MF_MOVE) failed with Function not implemented
2025-04-20T14:08:36.303475Z 1 [Warning] [MY-011875] [InnoDB] Failed to set NUMA memory policy to MPOL_DEFAULT: Function not implemented
2025-04-20T14:08:36.564595Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2025-04-20T14:08:37.648592Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !s:Cll=ey4Wz
2025-04-20T14:08:39.366449Z 0 [System] [MY-015018] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - end.

设置配置文件

cat > /usr/local/mysql/3306/data/my.cnf <<"EOF"
[mysqld]
# Basic Settings
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/3306/data
socket = /usr/local/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/3306/pid_log/mysql.pid
secure_file_priv = /usr/local/mysql/3306/file
log-bin=mysql-bin
server_id=1
mysql_native_password=ON
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
sync_binlog=1

# Network
port = 3306
bind-address = 0.0.0.0

# Logging
log_error = /usr/local/mysql/3306/error_log/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/3306/slow_error_log/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 2

# InnoDB Settings
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

# Security
skip-name-resolve
local-infile = 0

# Performance
max_connections = 100
thread_cache_size = 8
table_open_cache = 1000

[client]
socket = /usr/local/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
port = 3306

[mysql]
socket = /usr/local/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
auto-rehash
EOF

启动数据库

touch /usr/local/mysql/3306/error_log/mysql-error.log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/file
chown mysql:mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/3306/*
 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/3306/data/my.cnf &

[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]#  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/3306/data/my.cnf &
[1] 5743
[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]# 2025-04-20T14:21:31.458910Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/3306/error_log/mysql-error.log'.
2025-04-20T14:21:31.468890Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/3306/data

[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]#
[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]# ps -ef |grep mysql
root        5743    2266  0 22:21 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/3306/data/my.cnf
mysql       6093    5743 11 22:21 pts/1    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/3306/data/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/3306/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/3306/error_log/mysql-error.log --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/3306/pid_log/mysql.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock --port=3306
root        6138    2266  0 22:21 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]#
[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]#
[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]# ss -tunlp | grep mysql
tcp   LISTEN 0      100          0.0.0.0:3306       0.0.0.0:*    users:(("mysqld",pid=6093,fd=22))
tcp   LISTEN 0      70                 *:33060            *:*    users:(("mysqld",pid=6093,fd=18))

连接数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p  -S /usr/local/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
密码在前面日志中有 !s:Cll=ey4Wz

mysql> alter user user() identified by 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

socket 文件优化

每次登录, 输入 socket 文件过长,比较麻烦

cat >> ~/.bash_profile <<"EOF"
export MYSQL_UNIX_PORT=/usr/local/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
EOF
. ~/.bash_profile


再次登录
[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]# mysql -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.4.3 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

查看状态
[root@oracleLinux8 mysql]# mysql -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.4.3 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>  select user();
+----------------+
| user()         |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.4.3     |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> status;
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.4.3 for Linux on aarch64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		13
Current database:
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.4.3 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/usr/local/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			7 min 35 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 21  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.046
--------------

同样方法准备 3307 数据库实例

mkdir -p 3307/{data,error_log,slow_error_log,socket,pid_log,file}
chown -R  mysql:mysql 3307

[root@oracleLinux8 3307]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql  --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/3307/data
2025-04-20T14:52:26.584588Z 0 [System] [MY-015017] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - start.
2025-04-20T14:52:26.586051Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.4.3) initializing of server in progress as process 7278
2025-04-20T14:52:26.611537Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
get_mempolicy: Function not implemented
2025-04-20T14:52:26.615731Z 1 [Warning] [MY-011873] [InnoDB] Failed to set NUMA memory policy to MPOL_INTERLEAVE: Function not implemented
get_mempolicy: Function not implemented
2025-04-20T14:52:26.616091Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011879] [InnoDB] Failed to set NUMA memory policy of buffer pool page frames with mbind(0xffff67d10000,137297920,MPOL_INTERLEAVE,...,...,MPOL_MF_MOVE) failed with Function not implemented
2025-04-20T14:52:26.622379Z 1 [Warning] [MY-011875] [InnoDB] Failed to set NUMA memory policy to MPOL_DEFAULT: Function not implemented
2025-04-20T14:52:26.808322Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2025-04-20T14:52:28.185961Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: BwtrQvcy-0_q
2025-04-20T14:52:29.564978Z 0 [System] [MY-015018] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - end.

设置配置文件

cat > /usr/local/mysql/3307/data/my.cnf <<"EOF"
[mysqld]
# Basic Settings
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/3307/data
socket = /usr/local/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/3307/pid_log/mysql.pid
secure_file_priv = /usr/local/mysql/3307/file
log-bin=mysql-bin
server_id=2
mysql_native_password=ON
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
sync_binlog=1

# Network
port = 3307
bind-address = 0.0.0.0

# 调整X插件配置（避免端口和socket冲突）
mysqlx_port = 33070
mysqlx_socket = /tmp/mysqlx3307.sock

# Logging
log_error = /usr/local/mysql/3307/error_log/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/3307/slow_error_log/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 2

# InnoDB Settings
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

# Security
skip-name-resolve
local-infile = 0

# Performance
max_connections = 100
thread_cache_size = 8
table_open_cache = 1000

[client]
socket = /usr/local/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock
port = 3307

[mysql]
socket = /usr/local/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock
auto-rehash
EOF

主要修改 server_id 与如下两个配置
mysqlx_port = 33070
mysqlx_socket = /tmp/mysqlx3307.sock

启动 3307 实例数据库

[root@oracleLinux8 3307]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/3307/data/my.cnf &
2025-04-20T14:56:00.541265Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/3307/error_log/mysql-error.log'.
2025-04-20T14:56:00.551499Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/3307/data

[root@oracleLinux8 3307]# ss -tunlp |grep mysql
tcp   LISTEN 0      100          0.0.0.0:3306       0.0.0.0:*    users:(("mysqld",pid=6093,fd=22))
tcp   LISTEN 0      100          0.0.0.0:3307       0.0.0.0:*    users:(("mysqld",pid=7700,fd=22))
tcp   LISTEN 0      70                 *:33060            *:*    users:(("mysqld",pid=6093,fd=18))
tcp   LISTEN 0      70                 *:33070            *:*    users:(("mysqld",pid=7700,fd=18))

连接并查看 3307 数据库实例

密码在之前初始化的打印中

[root@oracleLinux8 3307]# mysql -p -S /usr/local/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.4.3

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> alter user user() identified by 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 8.4.3     |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user();
+----------------+
| user()         |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> status;
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.4.3 for Linux on aarch64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		11
Current database:
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.4.3
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/usr/local/mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			4 min 20 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 11  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.042
--------------

基于 bin log 搭建主从模式

规划: 3306 是主库; 3307 实例是从库

主库

create USER 'repuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'repuser' ;
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repuser'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

SHOW BINARY LOG STATUS
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000008 |      443 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

从库

stop replica;
change replication source to source_host='127.0.0.1', source_port=3306, source_user='repuser', source_password='repuser', source_log_file='mysql-bin.000008', source_log_pos=443;
show replica status\G

第一次报错如下:
               Last_IO_Errno: 2061
                Last_IO_Error: Error connecting to source 'repuser@127.0.0.1:3306'. This was attempt 6/10, with a delay of 60 seconds between attempts. Message: Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' reported error: Authentication requires secure connection.

然后在主库与从库配置文件的 mysqld 中 , 都启用了 mysql_native_password=on, 然后重启了数据库服务
然后同步状态正常如下;
mysql> show replica status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             Replica_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
                  Source_Host: 127.0.0.1
                  Source_User: repuser
                  Source_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Source_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009
          Read_Source_Log_Pos: 158
               Relay_Log_File: oracleLinux8-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 328
        Relay_Source_Log_File: mysql-bin.000009
           Replica_IO_Running: Yes
          Replica_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Source_Log_Pos: 158
              Relay_Log_Space: 546
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Source_SSL_Allowed: No
           Source_SSL_CA_File:
           Source_SSL_CA_Path:
              Source_SSL_Cert:
            Source_SSL_Cipher:
               Source_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Source: 0
Source_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Source_Server_Id: 1
                  Source_UUID: f37cc1a2-1df0-11f0-a107-92faf2fcb2f7
             Source_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
    Replica_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Source_Retry_Count: 10
                  Source_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Source_SSL_Crl:
           Source_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Source_TLS_Version:
       Source_public_key_path:
        Get_Source_public_key: 0
            Network_Namespace:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

      
-- 主库
mysql>  create database test2;
mysql> use test2;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table test(id int );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> insert into test values(1),(2);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
      
-- 从库
mysql> use test2;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_test2 |
+-----------------+
| test            |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test;
+------+
| id   |
+------+
|    1 |
|    2 |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>