#!/bin/bash
####################################readme###################################
#先上传postgresql源码包，再配置yum源，然后执行脚本
#备份官方yum源配置文件：
#cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
#下载阿里云yum源配置文件：
#curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
#清除缓存生产新的缓存
#yum clean all
#yum makecache
#############################################################################
set -euo pipefail # 启用严格错误检查
#============================= 全局配置 =============================#
export MY_SERVER_IP="172.16.1.11" # 本机服务器IP
export MY_HOSTNAME="testdb" # 主机名
export MY_SOFT_BASE="/opt" # 软件包存储根目录
export PG_SOFT="postgresql-14.16.tar.gz" # PG源码包名称
export PG_VERSION="14.16" # PG版本号
export MY_PG_HOME="/pgccc" # PG根目录
export PGDATA="${MY_PG_HOME}/pgdata" # 数据目录
export PGHOME="${MY_PG_HOME}/pgsql" # 安装目录
export LOG_FILE="/var/log/pg_install.log" # 安装日志文件
#============================= 函数定义 =============================#
init_logging() {
exec > >(tee -a "$LOG_FILE") 2>&1
echo "[$(date '+%F %T')] 开始执行PostgreSQL安装脚本"
}
validate_environment() {
echo "验证安装包..."
local pg_soft_path="${MY_SOFT_BASE}/${PG_SOFT}"
[[ -f "$pg_soft_path" ]] || { echo "错误：未找到PostgreSQL源码包 $pg_soft_path"; exit 1; }
}
install_dependencies() {
echo "安装系统依赖..."
local deps=(
openssl openssl-devel pam pam-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel
libxslt libxslt-devel perl perl-devel python-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
readline readline-devel bzip2 zlib zlib-devel ntp ntpdate
gettext gettext-devel bison flex gcc gcc-c++ boost-devel
gmp-devel mpfr-devel libevent-devel libpython3.6m
)
yum install -y "${deps[@]}" || { echo "依赖安装失败"; exit 1; }
}
security_settings() {
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service >/dev/null 2>&1
systemctl disable firewalld.service >/dev/null 2>&1
# SELinux配置
if [[ $(getenforce) != "Disabled" ]]; then
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
echo "SELinux已设置为宽松模式"
fi
}
create_pg_user() {
if ! id postgres &>/dev/null; then
groupadd -g 70000 postgres
useradd -u 70000 -g postgres -m -s /bin/bash postgres
echo "postgres:postgres" | chpasswd
echo "已创建postgres用户"
fi
}
setup_directories() {
local dirs=("$MY_PG_HOME"/{pgdata,archive,scripts,backup,pgsql,soft})
mkdir -p "${dirs[@]}"
chown -R postgres:postgres "$MY_PG_HOME"
chmod 2750 "$MY_PG_HOME" # 设置SGID位保持组权限
echo "目录结构已创建"
}
configure_env() {
local profile="/home/postgres/.bashrc"
cat > "$profile" <<EOF
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export PGPORT=5432
export PGDATA=$PGDATA
export PGHOME=$PGHOME
export PATH=\$PGHOME/bin:\$PATH
export PGUSER=postgres
export PGDATABASE=postgres
PS1='[\u@\h \W]\$ '
EOF
chown postgres:postgres "$profile"
}
compile_pg() {
local src_dir="${MY_PG_HOME}/soft/postgresql-${PG_VERSION}"
local build_dir="${MY_PG_HOME}/build"
# 解压源码
tar -zxvf "${MY_SOFT_BASE}/${PG_SOFT}" -C "${MY_PG_HOME}/soft"
# 编译安装
mkdir -p "$build_dir"
chown postgres:postgres "$build_dir"
su - postgres -c "
cd '$build_dir' &&
'${src_dir}/configure' \
--prefix='$PGHOME' \
--with-openssl \
--with-libxml \
--with-libxslt &&
make -j$(nproc) &&
make install
" || { echo "编译安装失败"; exit 1; }
}
init_db() {
su - postgres -c "
initdb --encoding=UTF8 --locale=en_US.utf8 --username=postgres --pwfile=<(echo 'postgres')
" || { echo "数据库初始化失败"; exit 1; }
# 配置参数
cat >> "$PGDATA/postgresql.conf" <<EOF
listen_addresses = '*'
port = 5432
logging_collector = on
log_directory = 'pg_log'
log_filename = 'postgresql-%a.log'
log_truncate_on_rotation = on
shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements'
max_connections = 100
shared_buffers = 128MB
work_mem = 4MB
EOF
# 配置访问控制
cat > "$PGDATA/pg_hba.conf" <<EOF
local all all trust
host all all 127.0.0.1/32 trust
host all all $MY_SERVER_IP/32 md5
host replication all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
EOF
}
start_service() {
cat > /etc/systemd/system/postgresql.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
User=postgres
ExecStart=$PGHOME/bin/postgres -D $PGDATA
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP \$MAINPID
KillMode=mixed
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable postgresql --now
}
#============================= 主执行流程 =============================#
main() {
init_logging
validate_environment
install_dependencies
create_pg_user
setup_directories
configure_env
compile_pg
init_db
start_service
echo "安装完成！数据库已启动"
echo "连接命令：psql -h $MY_SERVER_IP -U postgres"
}
main "$@"遇到问题：
编译安装完成后，启动时报错
pg_ctl restart waiting for server to shut down.... done server stopped waiting for server to start....2024-03-28 10:24:59.830 CST [14206] FATAL: could not access file "pg_stat_statements": No such file or directory 2024-03-28 10:24:59.830 CST [14206] LOG: database system is shut down stopped waiting pg_ctl: could not start server Examine the log output.
问题处理：
--进入到contrib目录中，再进入到安装包pg_stat_statements目录
cd contrib/pg_stat_statements/--直接进行编译安装报错
[pgsql@test:/opt/postgresql-14.16/contrib/pg_stat_statements]$ make && make install
Makefile:33: /contrib/contrib-global.mk: No such file or directory make: *** No rule to make target '/contrib/contrib-global.mk'. Stop.
--参考官网后执行以下命令编译安装
[pgsql@test:/opt/postgresql-14.16/contrib/pg_stat_statements]$ make USE_PGXS=1&& make USE_PGXS=1 install--编译安装完成后再次启动数据库
pg_ctl startwaiting for server to start....2024-03-28 10:43:57.642 CST [14578] LOG: redirecting log output to logging collector process 2024-03-28 10:43:57.642 CST [14578] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "log". done server started
--创建插件
[pgsql@test:/home/postgres]$psql -h127.0.0.1 -Upostgres psql (15.0) Type "help" for help. postgres=# create extension pg_stat_statements; CREATE EXTENSION postgres=# alter system set shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements'; ALTER SYSTEM
--查询结果成功
postgres=# select count(*) from pg_stat_statements; count ------- 2 (1 row)
