一、测试介绍
二、单元测试
1)介绍
2)快速入门
添加依赖
<dependencies>
<!-- junit依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>5.9.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
UserService
package com.project;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.Period;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
public class UserService {
/**
* 给定一个身份证号, 计算出该用户的年龄
* @param idCard 身份证号
*/
public Integer getAge(String idCard){
if (idCard == null || idCard.length() != 18) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("无效的身份证号码");
}
String birthday = idCard.substring(6, 14);
LocalDate parse = LocalDate.parse(birthday, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMdd"));
return Period.between(parse, LocalDate.now()).getYears();
}
/**
* 给定一个身份证号, 计算出该用户的性别
* @param idCard 身份证号
*/
public String getGender(String idCard){
if (idCard == null || idCard.length() != 18) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("无效的身份证号码");
}
return Integer.parseInt(idCard.substring(16,17)) % 2 == 1 ? "男" : "女";
}
}
UserServiceTest
package com.project;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
//测试类
public class UserServiceTest {
@Test
public void testGetAge(){
UserService userService = new UserService();
Integer age = userService.getAge("100000200010011011");
System.out.println(age);
}
@Test
public void testGetName(){
UserService userService = new UserService();
String gender = userService.getGender("100000200010011011");
System.out.println(gender);
}
// 断言可以判断业务逻辑是否正确
@Test
public void testGenderWithAssert(){
UserService userService = new UserService();
String gender = userService.getGender("100000200010011011");
// 断言
Assertions.assertEquals("男", gender,"性别获取有问题");
}
@Test
public void testGenderWithAssert2(){
UserService userService = new UserService();
String gender = userService.getGender("100000200010011011");
// 断言如果有错误抛出异常
Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, ()->{
userService.getGender("100000200010011011");
});
}
}
3)断言
上述方法形参中的最后一个参数 msg ,表示错误提示信息,可以不指定(有对应的重载方法)
4)常见注解
5)单元测试-企业开发规范
1、判断测试方法的覆盖率
2、只判断某个类之中的覆盖率
3、AI生成单元测试
IDea安装通义灵码AI插件
点击标志后,点击单元测试
package com.project;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
public class UserServiceAiTest {
private UserService userService;
@BeforeEach // 在每个测试方法执行前执行
public void setUp() {
userService = new UserService();
}
@Test
public void getGender_ValidMaleIdCard_ReturnsMale() {
String gender = userService.getGender("100000200010011011");
assertEquals("男", gender, "性别获取错误,应为男性");
}
@Test
public void getGender_ValidFemaleIdCard_ReturnsFemale() {
String gender = userService.getGender("100000200010011022");
assertEquals("女", gender, "性别获取错误,应为女性");
}
@Test
public void getGender_NullIdCard_ThrowsException() {
assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
userService.getGender(null);
}, "无效的身份证号码");
}
@Test
public void getGender_InvalidLengthIdCard_ThrowsException() {
assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
userService.getGender("10000020001001101");
}, "无效的身份证号码");
}
@ParameterizedTest
@ValueSource(strings = {"100000200010011011", "100000200010011031", "100000200010011051"})
public void getGender_MultipleMaleIdCards_ReturnsMale(String idCard) {
String gender = userService.getGender(idCard);
assertEquals("男", gender, "性别获取错误,应为男性");
}
@ParameterizedTest
@ValueSource(strings = {"100000200010011022", "100000200010011042", "100000200010011062"})
public void getGender_MultipleFemaleIdCards_ReturnsFemale(String idCard) {
String gender = userService.getGender(idCard);
assertEquals("女", gender, "性别获取错误,应为女性");
}
}
6)生命周期中的test
所有命名规范的test都会运行