Docker Container 可观测性最佳实践

news2025/1/1 23:37:52

Docker Container 介绍

Docker Container（ Docker 容器）是一种轻量级、可移植的、自给自足的软件运行环境，它在 Docker 引擎的宿主机上运行。容器在许多方面类似于虚拟机，但它们更轻量，因为它们不需要模拟整个操作系统。相反，容器共享宿主机的操作系统内核，并在用户空间中运行。

Docker 容器可观测对于确保容器化应用程序的性能、稳定性和可用性至关重要，本文主要以纯 Docker 环境下（非K8S ），构建 Container 的可观测性。

观测云

使用观测云可以轻松采集到容器的 cpu 、内存、网络、IO 等核心指标，并自动采集容器的标准输出日志，使用观测云可以有效地监控和管理容器化应用程序，一键实现容器可观测。

部署 DataKit

登录观测云，点击集成按钮，选择 DataKit，会自动生成安装 DataKit 命令。

DataKit 安装完成后，默认开启了 container 采集器，container 采集器主要采集 K8S 和 docker 容器的指标、日志等信息。执行命令 datakit monitor 可以数据查看采集情况，在 Inputs Info 中 logging/xxx 表明正在采集当前 xxx 容器的日志，container-mertic 表明正在采集容器的指标。

关键指标

docker_containers

Metric	Description	Type	Unit
block_read_byte	Total number of bytes read from the container file system (only supported docker).	int	B
block_write_byte	Total number of bytes wrote to the container file system (only supported docker).	int	B
cpu_numbers	The number of the CPU core.	int	count
cpu_usage	The percentage usage of CPU on system host.	float	percent
cpu_usage_base100	The normalized cpu usage, with a maximum of 100%.	float	percent
mem_capacity	The total memory in the host machine.	int	B
mem_limit	The limit memory in the container.	int	B
mem_usage	The usage of the memory.	int	B
mem_used_percent	The percentage usage of the memory is calculated based on the capacity of host machine.	float	percent
mem_used_percent_base_limit	The percentage usage of the memory is calculated based on the limit.	float	percent
network_bytes_rcvd	Total number of bytes received from the network (only count the usage of the main process in the container, excluding loopback).	int	B
network_bytes_sent	Total number of bytes send to the network (only count the usage of the main process in the container, excluding loopback).	int	B