1.创建主表

CREATE TABLE main_table (
    id              bigserial NOT NULL,
    content         text,
    create_date     date NOT NULL
) PARTITION BY RANGE (create_date);

2.创建分区

按年进行分区

CREATE TABLE partition_2024 PARTITION OF main_table
FOR VALUES FROM ('2024-01-01') TO ('2025-01-01');

CREATE TABLE partition_2025 PARTITION OF main_table
FOR VALUES FROM ('2025-01-01') TO ('2026-01-01');

3.插入数据

insert into main_table values('test1', '2024-01-04');

insert into main_table values('test2', '2024-06-12');

insert into main_table values('test3', '2025-01-27');

insert into main_table values('test4', '2025-09-01');

4.查询数据

select * from main_table where create_date > '2024-10-20'

5.报错问题

insert into main_table values('test1', '2023-01-04');

报错信息：“main_table” found for row 详细：Partition key of the failing row contains (create_date) = (2023-01-04).
说明：因为按照日期（2023-01-04），没有创建2023年的分区导致报错，如果在实际项目中，需要创建job对分区进行新增和删除。