pip install pydub

pip install ffmpeg

pip install pyaudio

完整代码如下：

import pygame,sys  
import random
import numpy as np  
from random import randint
import colorsys
from pydub import AudioSegment
import math

def rnd_color(): #随机颜色
    h,s,l = random.random(),0.5+random.random()/2.0,0.4+random.random()/5.0
    return [int(256*i) for i in colorsys.hls_to_rgb(h,l,s)]

pygame.init()
screen_width, screen_height = 800, 400  
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))  
pygame.display.set_caption("音乐可视化")  

AudioSegment.converter = "ffmpeg.exe" #去官网手动下载
AudioSegment.ffmpeg = "ffmpeg.exe"
AudioSegment.ffprobe = "ffprobe.exe"

audio_path = "chengdu.mp3"  # 音频文件路径  
audio = AudioSegment.from_mp3(audio_path) 
audio_data = np.array(audio.get_array_of_samples(), dtype=np.int16)  
print(audio.frame_rate) #采样率
print(len(audio_data))
print(audio.duration_seconds) #时长

track = pygame.mixer.music.load("chengdu.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play() # 播放

# 等待直到播放结束
while pygame.mixer.music.get_busy():
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.mixer.music.stop()
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
            
    screen.fill((0,0,0))
    
    circle_color = rnd_color()
    
    tm = pygame.mixer.music.get_pos()   #当前播放的位置（时间） 
    tm = int(tm/1000*2*44100) #根据播放时间计算出数组下标

    for i in range(44100*2):
        t = int( tm+i )
        radius = audio_data[t]/32767 * (screen.get_height()/2) #根据屏幕高度缩放
        pygame.draw.line(screen,circle_color,
                         (i*screen.get_width()/44100/2,screen.get_height()/2-radius),
                          (i*screen.get_width()/44100/2,screen.get_height()/2))

    
    pygame.display.flip()  

效果图（随着音乐的播放而律动）：