（一）显示影片基本信息

访问豆瓣电影Top250（豆瓣电影 Top 250），获取每部电影的中文片名、排名、评分及其对应的链接，按照“排名-中文片名-评分-链接”的格式显示在屏幕上。

（二）存储影片详细信息

访问豆瓣电影Top250（豆瓣电影 Top 250），在问题1的基础上，获取每部电影的导演、编剧、主演、类型、上映时间、片长、评分人数以及剧情简介等信息，并将获取到的信息保存至本地文件中。 

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import json
import time

# 获取单页的电影信息
def get_movies_info_from_page(url):
    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/85.0.4183.121 Safari/537.36"
    }
    
    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    if response.status_code != 200:
        print(f"Failed to retrieve data from {url}")
        return []
    
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
    movies = soup.find_all('div', class_='item')
    
    movies_info = []
    for movie in movies:
        rank = movie.find('em').get_text()  # 排名
        title = movie.find('span', class_='title').get_text()  # 中文片名
        rating = movie.find('span', class_='rating_num').get_text()  # 评分
        link = movie.find('a')['href']  # 详情链接
        
        # 打印基本信息
        print(f"{rank} - {title} - {rating} - {link}")
        
        # 保存到列表中
        movies_info.append({
            'rank': rank,
            'title': title,
            'rating': rating,
            'link': link
        })
    
    return movies_info

# 获取电影详情页的详细信息
def get_movie_detail(movie):
    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/85.0.4183.121 Safari/537.36"
    }
    
    response = requests.get(movie['link'], headers=headers)
    if response.status_code != 200:
        print(f"Failed to retrieve details from {movie['link']}")
        return movie
    
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
    
    # 获取导演、编剧、主演等信息
    info = soup.find('div', id='info')
    if info:
        movie['director'] = info.find('a', rel='v:directedBy').get_text() if info.find('a', rel='v:directedBy') else ''
        movie['scriptwriters'] = ','.join([a.get_text() for a in info.find_all('a', rel=False) if '编剧' in str(a)])  # 编剧信息
        movie['actors'] = ','.join([a.get_text() for a in info.find_all('a', rel='v:starring')])  # 主演
        movie['genre'] = ','.join([a.get_text() for a in info.find_all('span', property='v:genre')])  # 类型
        movie['release_date'] = info.find('span', property='v:initialReleaseDate').get_text() if info.find('span', property='v:initialReleaseDate') else ''  # 上映时间
        movie['duration'] = info.find('span', property='v:runtime').get_text() if info.find('span', property='v:runtime') else ''  # 片长
        movie['votes'] = soup.find('span', property='v:votes').get_text() if soup.find('span', property='v:votes') else ''  # 评分人数
        movie['summary'] = soup.find('span', property='v:summary').get_text().strip() if soup.find('span', property='v:summary') else ''  # 剧情简介
    
    return movie

# 爬取所有Top 250的电影信息
def scrape_douban_top_250():
    base_url = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250?start='
    all_movies = []
    
    for i in range(0, 250, 25):
        url = base_url + str(i)
        movies_info = get_movies_info_from_page(url)
        
        # 获取每部电影的详细信息
        for movie in movies_info:
            movie_detail = get_movie_detail(movie)
            all_movies.append(movie_detail)
        
        # 为了防止被网站封禁，添加一些延时
        time.sleep(2)
    
    # 保存到本地文件
    with open('douban_top_250_movies.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
        json.dump(all_movies, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)

# 运行爬虫
scrape_douban_top_250()