Qt Creator 通过python解释器调用*.py

news2024/12/23 0:45:12

全是看了大佬们的帖子，结合chatGPT才揉出来。在此做个记录。

安装python
在Qt Creator *.pro 文件中配置好环境
来个简单的example.py
调用代码
安装pip
添加opencv等库
调用包含了opencv库的py代码
成功

*.pro配置：

INCLUDEPATH += C:\Users\xuanm\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python312\include
LIBS      += -LC:\Users\xuanm\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python312\libs  -lpython312

example.py源码：

# example.py
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

Qt Creator里面调用example.py的C++函数：


int MainWindow::testPy()
{
    const wchar_t * pythonHome = L"C:/Users/xuanm/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python312";
    Py_SetPythonHome(pythonHome);

   // 初始化 Python 解释器
    Py_Initialize();

    // 添加目录到 Python 模块搜索路径
    PyObject* sysPath = PySys_GetObject("path");
    PyObject* pPath = PyUnicode_FromString("C:/temp");
    PyList_Append(sysPath, pPath);
    Py_DECREF(pPath);  // 释放引用
    // 导入 Python 脚本
    PyObject* pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("example");
    if (!pModule) {
        PyErr_Print();
        std::cerr << "Failed to load module." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 获取函数对象
    PyObject* pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "add");
    if (!pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc)) {
        PyErr_Print();
        std::cerr << "Failed to get function." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 准备参数
    PyObject* pArgs = PyTuple_Pack(2, PyLong_FromLong(5), PyLong_FromLong(3));

    // 调用函数
    PyObject* pValue = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);
    if (pValue) {
        // 打印结果
        std::cout << "Result: " << PyLong_AsLong(pValue) << std::endl;
        Py_DECREF(pValue);
    } else {
        PyErr_Print();
        std::cerr << "Function call failed." << std::endl;
    }

    // 清理
    Py_XDECREF(pFunc);
    Py_XDECREF(pModule);
    Py_XDECREF(pArgs);

    // 结束 Python 解释器
    Py_Finalize();
}

含opencv库的*.py:

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os.path
import copy
import cv2
import numpy as np


# 椒盐噪声
def SaltAndPepper(src, percetage):
    SP_NoiseImg = src.copy()
    SP_NoiseNum = int(percetage * src.shape[0] * src.shape[1])
    for i in range(SP_NoiseNum):
        randR = np.random.randint(0, src.shape[0] - 1)
        randG = np.random.randint(0, src.shape[1] - 1)
        randB = np.random.randint(0, 3)
        if np.random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
            SP_NoiseImg[randR, randG, randB] = 0
        else:
            SP_NoiseImg[randR, randG, randB] = 255
    return SP_NoiseImg


# 高斯噪声
def addGaussianNoise(image, percetage):
    G_Noiseimg = image.copy()
    w = image.shape[1]
    h = image.shape[0]
    G_NoiseNum = int(percetage * image.shape[0] * image.shape[1])
    for i in range(G_NoiseNum):
        temp_x = np.random.randint(0, h)
        temp_y = np.random.randint(0, w)
        G_Noiseimg[temp_x][temp_y][np.random.randint(3)] = np.random.randn(1)[0]
    return G_Noiseimg


# 昏暗
def darker(image, percetage=0.9):
    image_copy = image.copy()
    w = image.shape[1]
    h = image.shape[0]
    # get darker
    for xi in range(0, w):
        for xj in range(0, h):
            image_copy[xj, xi, 0] = int(image[xj, xi, 0] * percetage)
            image_copy[xj, xi, 1] = int(image[xj, xi, 1] * percetage)
            image_copy[xj, xi, 2] = int(image[xj, xi, 2] * percetage)
    return image_copy


# 亮度
def brighter(image, percetage=1.5):
    image_copy = image.copy()
    w = image.shape[1]
    h = image.shape[0]
    # get brighter
    for xi in range(0, w):
        for xj in range(0, h):
            image_copy[xj, xi, 0] = np.clip(int(image[xj, xi, 0] * percetage), a_max=255, a_min=0)
            image_copy[xj, xi, 1] = np.clip(int(image[xj, xi, 1] * percetage), a_max=255, a_min=0)
            image_copy[xj, xi, 2] = np.clip(int(image[xj, xi, 2] * percetage), a_max=255, a_min=0)
    return image_copy


# 旋转
def rotate(image, angle, center=None, scale=1.0):
    (h, w) = image.shape[:2]
    # If no rotation center is specified, the center of the image is set as the rotation center
    if center is None:
        center = (w / 2, h / 2)
    m = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(center, angle, scale)
    rotated = cv2.warpAffine(image, m, (w, h))
    return rotated


# 翻转
def flip(image):
    flipped_image = np.fliplr(image)
    return flipped_image


def work(file_dir):
# 图片文件夹路径
    for img_name in os.listdir(file_dir):
        img_path = file_dir + '\\' + img_name
        img = cv2.imread(img_path)
        # cv2.imshow("1",img)
        # cv2.waitKey(5000)
        # 旋转
        rotated_90 = rotate(img, 90)
        cv2.imwrite(file_dir +'\\'+ img_name[0:-4] + '_r90.jpg', rotated_90)
        # rotated_180 = rotate(img, 180)
        # cv2.imwrite(file_dir +'\\'+ img_name[0:-4] + '_r180.jpg', rotated_180)

    # for img_name in os.listdir(file_dir):
    #     img_path = file_dir + img_name
    #     img = cv2.imread(img_path)
    #     镜像
    #     flipped_img = flip(img)
    #     cv2.imwrite(file_dir +'\\' + img_name[0:-4] + '_fli.jpg', flipped_img)
        #
        # # 增加噪声
       # img_salt = SaltAndPepper(img, 0.3)
     #   cv2.imwrite(file_dir + '\\' + img_name[0:-4] + '_salt.jpg', img_salt)
      #  img_gauss = addGaussianNoise(img, 0.3)
      #  cv2.imwrite(file_dir +'\\' +  img_name[0:-4] + '_noise.jpg', img_gauss)
    #
    # # 变亮、变暗
    # img_darker = darker(img)
    # cv2.imwrite(file_dir +'\\' + img_name[0:-4] + '_darker.jpg', img_darker)
    # img_brighter = brighter(img)
    # cv2.imwrite(file_dir + '\\' + img_name[0:-4] + '_brighter.jpg', img_brighter)
    #
    # blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(img, (7, 7), 1.5)
    # #      cv2.GaussianBlur(图像，卷积核，标准差）
    # cv2.imwrite(file_dir + img_name[0:-4] + '_blur.jpg', blur)

调用含opencv库的*.py C++函数：


int MainWindow::testYBZQ()
{
   const wchar_t * pythonHome = L"C:/Users/xuanm/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python312";
    Py_SetPythonHome(pythonHome);

  // 初始化 Python 解释器
    Py_Initialize();

    // 添加目录到 Python 模块搜索路径
    PyObject* sysPath = PySys_GetObject("path");

    PyObject* pPath = PyUnicode_FromString("C:/temp");
    PyList_Append(sysPath, pPath);
    Py_DECREF(pPath);  // 释放引用

    // 添加标准库路径
    PyObject* stdLibPath = PyUnicode_FromString("C:/Users/xuanm/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python312/libs");
    PyList_Append(sysPath, stdLibPath);
    Py_DECREF(stdLibPath);

    // 添加 site-packages 路径
    PyObject* sitePackagesPath = PyUnicode_FromString("C:/Users/xuanm/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python312/Lib/site-packages");
    PyList_Append(sysPath, sitePackagesPath);
    Py_DECREF(sitePackagesPath);


    // 导入 Python 脚本
    PyObject* pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("data_augmentation");
    if (!pModule) {
        PyErr_Print();
        std::cerr << "Failed to load module." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 获取函数对象
    PyObject* pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "work");
    if (!pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc)) {
        PyErr_Print();
        std::cerr << "Failed to get function." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 准备参数

    std::string strParam = "C:/temp/sar_sample";
    PyObject* pStrParam = PyUnicode_FromString(strParam.c_str());

    PyObject* pArgs = PyTuple_Pack(1, pStrParam);

    // 调用函数
    PyObject* pValue = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);
    if (pValue) {
        // 打印结果
        std::cout << "Result: " << PyLong_AsLong(pValue) << std::endl;
        Py_DECREF(pValue);
    } else {
        PyErr_Print();
        std::cerr << "Function call failed." << std::endl;
    }

    // 清理
    Py_XDECREF(pFunc);
    Py_XDECREF(pModule);
    Py_XDECREF(pArgs);

    // 结束 Python 解释器
    Py_Finalize();
}

程序运行出了正确结果，报错：

Result: -1
TypeError: 'NoneType' object cannot be interpreted as an integer