1. 导航功能实现
导航数据的存储，必须要找出导航数据的结构，也就是有哪些属性？
导航位置、导航名称、导航链接、导航序号、是否显示、是否外链、添加时间、更新时间、是否删除
E-R图，如下：
1.1 创建模型
home/models.py，代码：
from luffycityapi.utils.models import models, BaseModel
# Create your models here.
class Nav(BaseModel):
"""导航菜单"""
# 字段选项
# 模型对象.<字段名> ---> 实际数据
# 模型对象.get_<字段名>_display() --> 文本提示
POSITION_OPTION = (
# (实际数据, "文本提示"),
(0, "顶部导航"),
(1, "脚部导航"),
)
link = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name="导航连接")
is_http = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否是外部链接")
position = models.IntegerField(choices=POSITION_OPTION, default=0)
class Meta:
db_table = "lf_nav"
verbose_name = "导航菜单"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
公共模型【抽象模型，不会在数据迁移的时候为它创建表】，保存项目的公共代码库目录下luffycityapi/utils.py文件中。
luffycityapi/utils/models.py，代码：
from django.db import models
class BaseModel(models.Model):
"""
公共模型
保存项目中的所有模型的公共属性和公共方法的声明
"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=255, default="", verbose_name="名称/标题")
is_deleted = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否删除")
orders = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="序号")
is_show = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name="是否显示")
# auto_now_add=True 当数据被创建时，以当前时间作为默认值写入当前字段
created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="添加时间")
# auto_now=True 当数据被更新时，以当前时间作为值写入当前字段
updated_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name="更新时间")
class Meta:
# 设置当前模型类并非真正的模型，而是一种保存公共代码的抽象模型类
# 这种模型在数据迁移中不会被当做数据模型来创建数据表
abstract = True
settings/dev.py，中配置导包路径，代码：
# 因为项目中子应用已经换了存储目录，所以需要把apps设置为系统导包路径，方便我们后面开发时可以简写子应用相关的导包路径。
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, str( BASE_DIR / "apps") )
sys.path.insert(0, str( BASE_DIR / "utils") )
home/models.py，代码调整如下：
from models import BaseModel, models
# Create your models here.
class Nav(BaseModel):
"""导航菜单"""
# 字段选项
# 模型对象.<字段名> ---> 实际数据
# 模型对象.get_<字段名>_display() --> 文本提示
POSITION_CHOICES = (
# (实际数据, "文本提示"),
(0, "顶部导航"),
(1, "脚部导航"),
)
link = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name="导航连接")
is_http = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否站外连接地址")
position = models.SmallIntegerField(default=0, choices=POSITION_CHOICES, verbose_name="导航位置")
class Meta:
db_table = "fg_nav"
verbose_name = "导航菜单"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
实际工作中，有些大厂企业不需要我们使用django的数据迁移操作的，如果公司有DBA的话，那就直接DBA已经提前设计数据表结构了，我们只需要根据表结构声明模型代码，保证模型代码的表名和字段与数据库中的表结构对应上，就可以在django中直接调用ORM模型对象操作数据库中的数据了。当然，我们现在在学习阶段，所以并没有DBA，所以老老实实执行数据迁移命令吧。
cd ~/Desktop/luffycity/luffycityapi
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
刚上面仅仅创建的是数据表结构而已，所以接下来我们如果要实现客户端展示导航功能，则还需要在admin后台手动添加测试数据，或者MySQL交互终端下添加测试数据才可以。
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (1, '免费课', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/free', 0, 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (2, '项目课', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/project', 0, 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (3, '学位课', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/position', 0, 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (4, '习题库', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/exam', 0, 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (5, '路飞学城', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', 'https://www.luffycity.com', 1, 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (6, '企业服务', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/free', 0, 1);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (7, '关于我们', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/free', 0, 1);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (8, '联系我们', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/free', 0, 1);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (9, '商务合作', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/free', 0, 1);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (10, '帮助中心', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/free', 0, 1);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (11, '意见反馈', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/free', 0, 1);
INSERT INTO luffycity.fg_nav (id, name, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, link, is_http, position) VALUES (12, '新手指南', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 01:27:27.350000', '2021-07-15 01:27:28.690000', '/free', 0, 1);
1.2 序列化器
home.serializers，代码：
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Nav
class NavModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
导航菜单的序列化器
"""
class Meta:
models = Nav
fields = ["name", "link", "is_http"]
1.3 视图代码
home/views.py
import constants
from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
from .models import Nav
from .serializers import NavModelSerializer
class NavHeaderListAPIView(ListAPIView):
"""顶部导航视图"""
queryset = Nav.objects.filter(position=constants.NAV_HEADER_POSITION, is_show=True, is_deleted=False).order_by("orders", "-id")[:constants.NAV_HEADER_SIZE]
serializer_class = NavModelSerializer
class NavFooterListAPIView(ListAPIView):
"""脚部导航视图"""
queryset = Nav.objects.filter(position=constants.NAV_FOOTER_POSITION, is_show=True, is_deleted=False).order_by("orders", "-id")[:constants.NAV_FOOTER_SIZE]
serializer_class = NavModelSerializer
1.3.1 常量配置
utils/constants.py，代码：
"""常量配置文件"""
# 导航的位置 --> 顶部
NAV_HEADER_POSITION = 0
# 导航的位置 --> 脚部
NAV_FOOTER_POSITION = 1
# 顶部导航显示的最大数量
NAV_HEADER_SIZE = 5
# 脚部导航显示的最大数量
NAV_FOOTER_SIZE = 10
1.4 路由代码
home/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path("nav/header/", views.NavHeaderListAPIView.as_view()),
path("nav/footer/", views.NavFooterListAPIView.as_view()),
]
完成了上面操作以后，可以直接访问url地址或者postman来请求测试接口数据是否正确。
提交代码版本
cd ~/Desktop/luffycity
git add .
git commit -m "feature:服务端提供导航api接口"
git push origin develop
1.5 客户端获取导航数据
所有与api服务端进行交互的操作代码，可以单独保存api目录下，根据数据表单独创建js文件，方便将来代码复用。
src/api/nav.js，代码：
import http from "../utils/http"
import {reactive, ref} from "vue"
const nav = reactive({
header_nav_list: [], // 头部导航列表
footer_nav_list: [], // 脚部导航列表
get_header_nav(){
// 获取头部导航
return http.get("/home/nav/header/")
},
get_footer_nav(){
// 获取脚部导航
return http.get("/home/nav/footer/")
},
})
export default nav;
components/Header.vue代码：
<template>
<div class="header-box">
<div class="header">
<div class="content">
<div class="logo">
<router-link to="/"><img src="../assets/logo.svg" alt=""></router-link>
</div>
<ul class="nav">
<li v-for="nav in nav.header_nav_list">
<a :href="nav.link" v-if="nav.is_http">{{nav.name}}</a>
<router-link :to="nav.link" v-else>{{nav.name}}</router-link>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="search-warp">
<div class="search-area">
<input class="search-input" placeholder="请输入关键字..." type="text" autocomplete="off">
<div class="hotTags">
<router-link to="/search/?words=Vue" target="_blank" class="">Vue</router-link>
<router-link to="/search/?words=Python" target="_blank" class="last">Python</router-link>
</div>
</div>
<div class="showhide-search" data-show="no"><img class="imv2-search2" src="../assets/search.svg" /></div>
</div>
<div class="login-bar">
<div class="shop-cart full-left">
<img src="../assets/cart.svg" alt="" />
<span><router-link to="/cart">购物车</router-link></span>
</div>
<div class="login-box full-left">
<span>登录</span>
/
<span>注册</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import nav from "../api/nav";
// 请求头部导航列表
nav.get_header_nav().then(response=>{
nav.header_nav_list = response.data
})
</script>
components/Footer.vue代码：
<template>
<div class="footer">
<ul>
<li v-for="nav in nav.footer_nav_list">
<a :href="nav.link" v-if="nav.is_http">{{nav.name}}</a>
<router-link :to="nav.link" v-else>{{nav.name}}</router-link>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Copyright © luffycity.com版权所有 | 京ICP备17072161号-1</p>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import nav from "../api/nav";
// 获取脚部导航列表
nav.get_footer_nav().then(response=>{
nav.footer_nav_list = response.data
})
</script>
提交代码版本
cd ~/Desktop/luffycity
git add .
git commit -m "feature:客户端实现导航信息展示"
git push origin develop
2. 轮播图功能实现
Banner.vue，代码：
<template>
<div class="bk"></div>
<div class="bgfff banner-box">
<div class="g-banner pr" @mouseleave="state.current_menu=-1">
<!-- 商品课程分类信息 -->
<div class="submenu" v-if="state.current_menu==0">
<div class="inner-box">
<h2 class="type">前端开发</h2>
<div class="tag clearfix">
</div>
<div class="lore">
<span class="title">知识点：</span>
<p class="lores clearfix"><a target="_blank" href="">Vue.js</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Typescript</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">React.JS</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">HTML/CSS</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">JavaScript</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Angular</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Node.js</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">jQuery</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Bootstrap</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Sass/Less</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">WebApp</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">小程序</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">前端工具</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">CSS</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Html5</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">CSS3</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="recomment clearfix">
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</div>
</div>
<div class="submenu" v-if="state.current_menu==1">
<div class="inner-box">
<h2 class="type">后端开发</h2>
<div class="tag clearfix">
</div>
<div class="lore">
<span class="title">知识点：</span>
<p class="lores clearfix">
<a target="_blank" href="">Java</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">SpringBoot</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Spring Cloud</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">SSM</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">PHP</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">.net</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Python</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">爬虫</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Django</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Flask</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Tornado</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Go</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">C</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">C++</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">C#</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Ruby</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="recomment clearfix">
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</div>
</div>
<div class="submenu" v-if="state.current_menu==2">
<div class="inner-box">
<h2 class="type">移动开发</h2>
<div class="tag clearfix">
</div>
<div class="lore">
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</div>
</div> </a>
<a href="" target="_blank" title="音视频基础+ffmpeg原理+项目实战 一课完成音视频技术开发入门" class="recomment-item">
<div class="img" style="background-image: url('/src/assets/5e5621d0092c054612000676-360-202.png'); background-size: 100%; "></div>
<div class="details">
<!--路径单独写-->
<div class="title-box">
<p class="title"> <span class="text">音视频基础+ffmpeg原理+项目实战 一课完成音视频技术开发入门</span> <span class="tag shizhan">实战</span> </p>
</div>
<div class="bottom">
<span class="price">288.00</span> ·
<span class="difficulty"> 入门 </span> ·
<span class="num"><i class="imv2-set-sns"></i> 1303</span>
</div>
</div> </a>
<a href="" target="_blank" title="" class="recomment-item">
<div class="img" style="background-image: url('/src/assets/604f2b52090de67603240324-140-140.png'); background-size: 100%; "></div>
<div class="details">
<!--路径单独写-->
<div class="title-box">
<p class="title"> <span class="text">Android工程师高薪面试突破路线</span> <span class="tag lujing">路线</span> </p>
</div>
<div class="bottom">
<span class="difficulty">3步骤</span> ·
<span class="difficulty">3门课</span> ·
<span class="num">1471人收藏</span>
</div>
</div> </a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="menuContent">
<div class="item" :class="{'js-menu-item-on': state.current_menu==0}" @mouseover="state.current_menu=0">
<span class="title">前端开发：</span>
<span class="sub-title">HTML5 / Vue.js / Node.js</span>
<i class="imv2-arrow1_r"></i>
</div>
<div class="item" :class="{'js-menu-item-on': state.current_menu==1}" @mouseover="state.current_menu=1">
<span class="title">后端开发：</span>
<span class="sub-title">Java / Python / Go</span>
<i class="imv2-arrow1_r"></i>
</div>
<div class="item" :class="{'js-menu-item-on': state.current_menu==2}" @mouseover="state.current_menu=2">
<span class="title">移动开发：</span>
<span class="sub-title">Flutter / Android / iOS </span>
<i class="imv2-arrow1_r"></i>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 轮播图-->
<div class="g-banner-content" @mouseover="state.current_menu=-1">
<el-carousel :interval="5000" arrow="always" height="482px">
<el-carousel-item>
<img src="http://fuguangapi.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/1.jpg" alt="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;">
</el-carousel-item>
<el-carousel-item>
<img src="http://fuguangapi.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/2.jpg" alt="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;">
</el-carousel-item>
<el-carousel-item>
<img src="http://fuguangapi.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/3.jpg" alt="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;">
</el-carousel-item>
<el-carousel-item>
<img src="http://fuguangapi.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/4.jpg" alt="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;">
</el-carousel-item>
<el-carousel-item>
<img src="http://fuguangapi.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/5.jpg" alt="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;">
</el-carousel-item>
</el-carousel>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import {reactive} from "vue"
const state = reactive({
current_menu: -1,
})
</script>
<style scoped>
.banner-box {
padding: 32px 0;
}
.system-class-show {
width: 1152px;
height: 100px;
margin: 0 auto;
background: #FFFFFF;
box-shadow: 0 5px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px;
}
.system-class-show .show-box {
display: block;
width: 192px;
height: 45px;
float: left;
margin: 28px 0 0 16px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.system-class-show .show-box .system-class-icon {
float: left;
width: 45px;
height: 45px;
border-radius: 50%;
background-size: cover;
margin-right: 8px;
transition: all .2s;
}
.system-class-show .show-box .describe {
float: left;
}
.system-class-show .show-box .describe h4 {
width: 139px;
font-family: PingFangSC-Medium;
font-size: 16px;
color: #1C1F21;
letter-spacing: 0.76px;
line-height: 22px;
margin-bottom: 4px;
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
}
.system-class-show .show-box .describe p {
width: 139px;
font-family: PingFangSC-Regular;
font-size: 12px;
color: #545C63;
line-height: 18px;
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
}
.system-class-show .show-box:hover .system-class-icon {
transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.system-class-show .show-box:hover .describe h4 {
color: #F01414;
}
.system-class-show .line {
float: left;
height: 36px;
border: 1px solid #E8E8E8;
margin-left: 16px;
margin-top: 33px;
}
.system-class-show .all-btn {
position: relative;
display: block;
height: 100%;
cursor: pointer;
overflow: hidden;
}
.system-class-show .all-btn .mini-title {
font-family: PingFangSC-Medium;
font-size: 12px;
color: #1C1F21;
text-align: center;
line-height: 14px;
margin-top: 40px;
}
.system-class-show .all-btn .more-btn {
font-family: PingFangSC-Regular;
font-size: 12px;
color: #545C63;
line-height: 12px;
margin-left: 30px;
position: relative;
}
.system-class-show .all-btn .more-btn .icon-right2 {
position: absolute;
top: 1px;
left: 28px;
transition: all .2s;
}
.system-class-show .all-btn:hover .more-btn {
color: #1C1F21;
}
.system-class-show .all-btn:hover .more-btn .icon-right2 {
transform: translateX(3px);
}
.g-banner {
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
width: 1400px;
margin: auto;
border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content {
position: relative;
float: left;
width: 1142px;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .g-banner-box {
position: relative;
height: 316px;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .notice {
position: absolute;
top: 8px;
left: 0;
background: #FF9900;
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0 rgba(7, 17, 27, 0.2);
padding: 6px 12px 6px 8px;
z-index: 1;
border-top-right-radius: 20px;
border-bottom-right-radius: 20px;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .notice .imv2-vol_up {
font-size: 16px;
color: #FFFFFF;
display: inline-block;
line-height: 20px;
margin-top: 1px;
margin-right: 4px;
vertical-align: sub;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .notice .notice-txt {
display: inline-block;
width: auto;
font-size: 12px;
color: #FFFFFF;
line-height: 20px;
z-index: 1;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .notice .notice-close {
font-size: 16px;
margin: 6px 0 6px 12px;
color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
line-height: 20px;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .notice .notice-close:hover {
color: #fff;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .notice.closed {
transition: all .3s;
background: rgba(255, 153, 0, 0.6);
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0 rgba(7, 17, 27, 0.2);
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .notice.closed .notice-txt {
overflow: hidden;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-content .notice.closed .notice-close {
display: none;
}
.g-banner .banner-anchor {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
margin-top: -24px;
width: 48px;
height: 48px;
background: rgba(28, 31, 33, 0.1) url(/src/assets/icon-left-small.png) no-repeat center / 16px auto;
border-radius: 50%;
color: #FFFFFF;
transition: all .2s;
}
.g-banner .banner-anchor:hover {
background-color: rgba(28, 31, 33, 0.5);
}
.g-banner .next {
right: 16px;
transform: rotate(180deg);
}
.g-banner .prev {
left: 16px;
}
.g-banner .g-banner-box > a:first-child .banner-slide {
display: block;
}
.g-banner .banner-slide {
position: absolute;
display: none;
width: 896px;
height: 316px;
/*margin: auto;*/
left: 0;
right: 0;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center 0;
}
.g-banner .banner-slide .festival {
position: absolute;
top: 450px;
right: 75px;
}
.g-banner .banner-slide .festival a {
display: block;
width: 190px;
height: 120px;
}
.g-banner .banner-slide .festival a:hover {
background-position: 0 0;
}
.g-banner .banner-slide img {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
.g-banner .inner {
position: relative;
width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.g-banner .banner-dots {
position: absolute;
bottom: 20px;
left: 0;
right: 0;
text-align: right;
padding-right: 24px;
line-height: 12px;
}
.g-banner .banner-dots span {
display: inline-block;
*display: inline;
*zoom: 1;
width: 8px;
height: 8px;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-left: 8px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
transition: all .2s;
cursor: pointer;
}
.g-banner .banner-dots span.active {
width: 20px;
}
.submenu {
position: absolute;
left: 256px;
width: 776px;
height: 482px;
background: #FFFFFF;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(7, 17, 27, 0.1);
border-radius: 0 12px 12px 0;
z-index: 33;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.submenu .inner-box {
height: 188px;
padding: 28px 36px 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.submenu .inner-box .type {
margin-bottom: 10px;
font-size: 16px;
color: #1C1F21;
line-height: 22px;
font-weight: bold;
}
.submenu .inner-box .tag {
margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.submenu .inner-box .tag a {
float: left;
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 1;
color: #E02020;
border-radius: 100px;
border: 1px solid #E02020;
padding: 5px 10px;
margin-right: 10px;
}
.submenu .inner-box .tag a:last-child {
margin-right: 0;
}
.submenu .inner-box .lore {
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 24px;
color: #6D7278;
margin-bottom: 8px;
display: -webkit-box;
display: -ms-flexbox;
display: -webkit-flex;
display: flex;
}
.submenu .inner-box .lore .title {
color: #1C1F21;
font-weight: bold;
}
.submenu .inner-box .lore .lores {
width: 0;
-webkit-box-flex: 1;
-ms-flex: 1;
-webkit-flex: 1;
flex: 1;
}
.submenu .inner-box .lore .lores a {
float: left;
color: #6D7278;
margin-right: 24px;
}
.submenu .inner-box .lore .lores a:last-child {
margin-right: 0;
}
.submenu .recomment {
padding: 35px 36px;
height: 204px;
background-color: #F3F5F6;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item {
width: 329px;
float: left;
display: -webkit-box;
display: -ms-flexbox;
display: -webkit-flex;
display: flex;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item:nth-child(2n) {
margin-left: 30px;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item:nth-child(-n+2) {
margin-bottom: 30px;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .img {
width: 90px;
height: 50px;
margin-right: 11px;
border-radius: 4px;
background-position: center;
image-rendering: -moz-crisp-edges;
/* Firefox */
image-rendering: -o-crisp-edges;
/* Opera */
image-rendering: -webkit-optimize-contrast;
/*Webkit (non-standard naming) */
image-rendering: crisp-edges;
-ms-interpolation-mode: nearest-neighbor;
/* IE (non-standard property) */
box-shadow: 0 6px 10px 0 rgba(95, 101, 105, 0.15);
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details {
height: 50px;
font-size: 12px;
width: 0;
-webkit-box-flex: 1;
-ms-flex: 1;
-webkit-flex: 1;
flex: 1;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .title-box {
margin-bottom: 10px;
display: -webkit-box;
display: -ms-flexbox;
display: -webkit-flex;
display: flex;
-webkit-box-align: center;
-ms-flex-align: center;
-webkit-align-items: center;
align-items: center;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .title-box .title {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
color: #1C1F21;
width: 228px;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .title-box .title .text {
display: inline-block;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
white-space: nowrap;
max-width: calc(100% - 4em);
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .title-box .title .tag {
display: inline-block;
width: 2em;
color: #fff;
opacity: .6;
border-radius: 2px;
line-height: 1;
padding: 2px 4px;
margin-left: 5px;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .title-box .title .tag.shizhan {
background-color: #FA6400;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .title-box .title .tag.tixi {
background-color: #E02020;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .title-box .title .tag.lujing {
background-color: #0091FF;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .bottom {
color: #9199A1;
line-height: 18px;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .bottom .discount-name,
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .bottom .tag {
display: inline-block;
color: #fff;
background-color: rgba(242, 13, 13, 0.6);
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 2px 4px;
line-height: 1;
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .bottom .discount-name {
background: rgba(242, 13, 13, 0.6);
}
.submenu .recomment .recomment-item .details .bottom .price:not(.free) {
font-weight: bold;
color: #F01414;
}
.menuContent {
position: relative;
float: left;
width: 256px;
height: 482px;
z-index: 2;
padding-top: 17px;
box-sizing: border-box;
background: #39364d;
border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
font-weight: 400;
}
.menuContent .item {
line-height: 50px;
cursor: pointer;
position: relative;
color: #fff;
padding: 0 14px;
border-top-left-radius: 4px;
border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
height: 50px;
transition: all .1s;
font-size: 14px;
}
.menuContent .item .sub-title {
font-size: 12px;
}
.menuContent .item i {
position: absolute;
right: 4px;
top: 16px;
color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
font-size: 16px;
}
.menuContent .item.js-menu-item-on {
color: #fff;
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}
</style>
Home.vue，代码：
<template>
<div class="home">
<Header></Header>
<div id="main">
<Banner></Banner>
</div>
<Footer></Footer>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import Header from "../components/Header.vue"
import Footer from "../components/Footer.vue"
import Banner from "../components/Banner.vue"
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>
提交版本
cd ~/Desktop/luffycity
git add .
git commit -m "feature:客户端展示轮播图界面效果"
git push origin develop
2.1 安装依赖模块和配置
安装图片处理模块，前面已经安装了，如果没有安装则需要安装
pip install pillow
填写上传文件的相关配置，settings/dev.py
# 访问静态文件的url地址前缀
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# 设置django的静态文件目录[手动创建]
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
BASE_DIR / "static",
]
# 项目中存储上传文件的根目录[手动创建]，注意，uploads目录需要手动创建否则上传文件时报错
MEDIA_ROOT = BASE_DIR / "uploads"
# 访问上传文件的url地址前缀
MEDIA_URL = "/uploads/"
总路由luffycityapi.urls.py新增代码：
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path,include
from django.conf import settings
from django.views.static import serve # 静态文件代理访问模块
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
re_path(r'uploads/(?P<path>.*)', serve, {"document_root": settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),
path("", include("home.urls")),
]
提交版本
cd ~/Desktop/luffycity
git add .
git commit -m "feature:服务端提供访问静态文件（static和uploads）的url配置"
git push origin develop
2.2 创建轮播图的模型
home/models.py，代码：
from models import BaseModel,models
# Create your models here.
class Banner(BaseModel):
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="banner/%Y/", verbose_name="图片地址")
link = models.CharField(max_length=500, verbose_name="链接地址")
note = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='备注信息')
is_http = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否外链地址", help_text="站点链接地址：http://www.baidu.com/book<br>站点链接地址：/book/")
class Meta:
db_table = "fg_banner"
verbose_name = "轮播广告"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
数据迁移
cd luffycityapi
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
把课件中素材目录下的图片保存到项目上传文件存储目录下luffycityapi/uploads/banner/2021/，并添加测试数据到MySQL。
INSERT INTO luffycity.lf_banner (id, name, orders, is_show, is_deleted, created_time, updated_time, image, note, link, is_http) VALUES (1, '1', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 03:39:49.859000', '2021-07-15 03:39:51.437000', 'banner/2022/1.jpg', '暂无', '/project', 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.lf_banner (id, name, orders, is_show, is_deleted, created_time, updated_time, image, note, link, is_http) VALUES (2, '2', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 03:39:49.859000', '2021-07-15 03:39:51.437000', 'banner/2022/2.jpg', '暂无', '/project', 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.lf_banner (id, name, orders, is_show, is_deleted, created_time, updated_time, image, note, link, is_http) VALUES (3, '3', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 03:39:49.859000', '2021-07-15 03:39:51.437000', 'banner/2022/3.jpg', '暂无', '/project', 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.lf_banner (id, name, orders, is_show, is_deleted, created_time, updated_time, image, note, link, is_http) VALUES (4, '4', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 03:39:49.859000', '2021-07-15 03:39:51.437000', 'banner/2022/4.jpg', '暂无', '/project', 0);
INSERT INTO luffycity.lf_banner (id, name, orders, is_show, is_deleted, created_time, updated_time, image, note, link, is_http) VALUES (5, '5', 1, 1, 0, '2021-07-15 03:39:49.859000', '2021-07-15 03:39:51.437000', 'banner/2022/5.jpg', '暂无', '/project', 0);
2.3 序列化器
home/serializers.py
class BannerModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
轮播广告的序列化器
"""
class Meta:
model = Banner
fields = ["image", "name", "link", "is_http"]
2.4 视图代码
home/views.py
import constants
from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
from .models import Nav, Banner
from .serializers import NavModelSerializer, BannerModelSerializer
# 中间代码省略
class BannerListAPIView(ListAPIView):
"""轮播广告视图"""
queryset = Banner.objects.filter(is_show=True, is_deleted=False).order_by("orders", "-id")[:constants.BANNER_SIZE]
serializer_class = BannerModelSerializer
2.5 路由代码
home/urls.py，代码：
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path("nav/header/", views.NavHeaderListAPIView.as_view()),
path("nav/footer/", views.NavFooterListAPIView.as_view()),
path("banner/", views.BannerListAPIView.as_view()),
]
utils/constants.py，常量文件:
# 轮播广告显示的最大数量
BANNER_SIZE = 10
提交git版本
cd ~/Desktop/luffycity
git add .
git commit -m "feature:api服务端实现轮播广告接口"
git push origin develop
2.6 客户端获取轮播广告的数据
src/api/banner.js，代码：
import http from "../utils/http"
import {reactive, ref} from "vue"
const banner = reactive({
banner_list: [], // 轮播广告列表
get_banner_list(){
// 获取轮播广告
return http.get("/home/banner/")
},
})
export default banner;
src/components/Banner.vue，代码：
<template>
<div class="bk"></div>
<div class="bgfff banner-box">
<div class="g-banner pr" @mouseleave="state.current_menu=-1">
<!-- 商品课程分类信息 -->
<div class="submenu" v-if="state.current_menu==0">
<div class="inner-box">
<h2 class="type">前端开发</h2>
<div class="tag clearfix">
</div>
<div class="lore">
<span class="title">知识点：</span>
<p class="lores clearfix"><a target="_blank" href="">Vue.js</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Typescript</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">React.JS</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">HTML/CSS</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">JavaScript</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Angular</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Node.js</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">jQuery</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Bootstrap</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">Sass/Less</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">WebApp</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">小程序</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">前端工具</a>
<a target="_blank" href="">CSS</a>
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</div>
<!-- 轮播图-->
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<el-carousel :interval="5000" arrow="always" height="482px" v-if="banner.banner_list[0]">
<el-carousel-item v-for="item,key in banner.banner_list" :key="key">
<a :href="item.link" v-if="item.is_http"><img :src="item.image" alt="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;"></a>
<router-link :to="item.link" v-else><img :src="item.image" alt="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;"></router-link>
</el-carousel-item>
</el-carousel>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import {reactive} from "vue"
import banner from "../api/banner";
// 获取轮播广告列表
banner.get_banner_list().then(response=>{
banner.banner_list = response.data
})
const state = reactive({
current_menu: -1,
})
</script>
提交git版本
cd ~/Desktop/luffycity
git add .
git commit -m "feature:客户端展示轮播广告数据"
git push origin develop
3. 缓存导航与轮播图数据
因为导航菜单或轮播广告在项目中每一个页面都会被用户访问到，所以我们可以实现缓存，减少MySQL数据库的查询压力，使用内存缓存可以加快数据查询速度。
视图缓存：https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#the-per-view-cache
装饰类视图：https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/intro/#decorating-the-class
utils/views.py，代码：
import constants
from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page
class CacheListAPIView(ListAPIView):
"""列表缓存视图"""
@method_decorator(cache_page(constants.LIST_PAGE_CACHE_TIME))
def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
# 重写ListAPIView的get方法，但是不改动源代码。仅仅装饰而已
return super().get(request, *args, **kwargs)
utils/constants.py，代码：
# 列表页数据的缓存周期，单位：秒
LIST_PAGE_CACHE_TIME = 24 * 60 * 60
home/views.py，代码：
import constants
from views import CacheListAPIView
from .models import Nav, Banner
from .serializers import NavModelSerializer, BannerModelSerializer
class NavHeaderListAPIView(CacheListAPIView):
"""顶部导航视图"""
queryset = Nav.objects.filter(position=constants.NAV_HEADER_POSITION, is_show=True, is_deleted=False).order_by("orders", "-id")[:constants.NAV_HEADER_SIZE]
serializer_class = NavModelSerializer
class NavFooterListAPIView(CacheListAPIView):
"""脚部导航视图"""
queryset = Nav.objects.filter(position=constants.NAV_FOOTER_POSITION, is_show=True, is_deleted=False).order_by("orders", "-id")[:constants.NAV_FOOTER_SIZE]
serializer_class = NavModelSerializer
class BannerListAPIView(CacheListAPIView):
"""轮播广告视图"""
queryset = Banner.objects.filter(is_show=True, is_deleted=False).order_by("orders", "-id")[:constants.BANNER_SIZE]
serializer_class = BannerModelSerializer
注意：此处数据使用了缓存，那么将来admin站点在修改此处相关的数据库的数据时，admin站点中我们就需要在更新数据时对缓存进行删除，这块业务逻辑等我们后面登陆注册功能以后搭建admin后面时会带着小伙伴们完成。
提交git版本
cd ~/Desktop/luffycity
git add .
git commit -m "perf:服务端实现导航和轮播的数据缓存"
git push origin develop
