1. GIC驱动初始化
start_kernel (init\main.c)
init_IRQ (arch\arm\kernel\irq.c)
irqchip_init (drivers\irqchip\irqchip.c)
of_irq_init (drivers\of\irq.c)
desc->irq_init_cb = match->data;ret = desc->irq_init_cb(desc->dev,
desc->interrupt_parent);
2. 数据结构分析
2.1 irq_desc
/**
* struct irq_desc - interrupt descriptor
* @irq_data: per irq and chip data passed down to chip functions
* @kstat_irqs: irq stats per cpu
* @handle_irq: highlevel irq-events handler
* @preflow_handler: handler called before the flow handler (currently used by sparc)
* @action: the irq action chain
* @status: status information
* @core_internal_state__do_not_mess_with_it: core internal status information
* @depth: disable-depth, for nested irq_disable() calls
* @wake_depth: enable depth, for multiple irq_set_irq_wake() callers
* @irq_count: stats field to detect stalled irqs
* @last_unhandled: aging timer for unhandled count
* @irqs_unhandled: stats field for spurious unhandled interrupts
* @threads_handled: stats field for deferred spurious detection of threaded handlers
* @threads_handled_last: comparator field for deferred spurious detection of theraded handlers
* @lock: locking for SMP
* @affinity_hint: hint to user space for preferred irq affinity
* @affinity_notify: context for notification of affinity changes
* @pending_mask: pending rebalanced interrupts
* @threads_oneshot: bitfield to handle shared oneshot threads
* @threads_active: number of irqaction threads currently running
* @wait_for_threads: wait queue for sync_irq to wait for threaded handlers
* @nr_actions: number of installed actions on this descriptor
* @no_suspend_depth: number of irqactions on a irq descriptor with
* IRQF_NO_SUSPEND set
* @force_resume_depth: number of irqactions on a irq descriptor with
* IRQF_FORCE_RESUME set
* @dir: /proc/irq/ procfs entry
* @name: flow handler name for /proc/interrupts output
*/
struct irq_desc {
struct irq_data irq_data; /* 里面保存了中断的数据和中断的操作函数 */
unsigned int __percpu *kstat_irqs;
irq_flow_handler_t handle_irq;
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_PREFLOW_FASTEOI
irq_preflow_handler_t preflow_handler;
#endif
struct irqaction *action; /* IRQ action list */ /* 中断回调函数链表 */
unsigned int status_use_accessors;
unsigned int core_internal_state__do_not_mess_with_it;
unsigned int depth; /* nested irq disables */
unsigned int wake_depth; /* nested wake enables */
unsigned int irq_count; /* For detecting broken IRQs */
unsigned long last_unhandled; /* Aging timer for unhandled count */
unsigned int irqs_unhandled;
atomic_t threads_handled;
int threads_handled_last;
raw_spinlock_t lock;
struct cpumask *percpu_enabled;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
const struct cpumask *affinity_hint;
struct irq_affinity_notify *affinity_notify;
#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_PENDING_IRQ
cpumask_var_t pending_mask;
#endif
#endif
unsigned long threads_oneshot;
atomic_t threads_active;
wait_queue_head_t wait_for_threads;
#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
unsigned int nr_actions;
unsigned int no_suspend_depth;
unsigned int cond_suspend_depth;
unsigned int force_resume_depth;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
struct proc_dir_entry *dir;
#endif
int parent_irq;
struct module *owner;
const char *name;
}2.2 irq_data
/**
* struct irq_data - per irq and irq chip data passed down to chip functions
* @mask: precomputed bitmask for accessing the chip registers
* @irq: interrupt number
* @hwirq: hardware interrupt number, local to the interrupt domain
* @node: node index useful for balancing
* @state_use_accessors: status information for irq chip functions.
* Use accessor functions to deal with it
* @chip: low level interrupt hardware access
* @domain: Interrupt translation domain; responsible for mapping
* between hwirq number and linux irq number.
* @parent_data: pointer to parent struct irq_data to support hierarchy
* irq_domain
* @handler_data: per-IRQ data for the irq_chip methods
* @chip_data: platform-specific per-chip private data for the chip
* methods, to allow shared chip implementations
* @msi_desc: MSI descriptor
* @affinity: IRQ affinity on SMP
*
* The fields here need to overlay the ones in irq_desc until we
* cleaned up the direct references and switched everything over to
* irq_data.
*/
struct irq_data {
u32 mask;
unsigned int irq; /* 中断编号 */
unsigned long hwirq; /* 硬件中断编号 */
unsigned int node;
unsigned int state_use_accessors;
struct irq_chip *chip; /* 底层的中断操作函数 */
struct irq_domain *domain; /* 负责irq与hwirq之间的转换 */
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
struct irq_data *parent_data;
#endif
void *handler_data;
void *chip_data;
struct msi_desc *msi_desc;
cpumask_var_t affinity;
};
2.2 irq_chip
/**
* struct irq_chip - hardware interrupt chip descriptor
*
* @name: name for /proc/interrupts
* @irq_startup: start up the interrupt (defaults to ->enable if NULL)
* @irq_shutdown: shut down the interrupt (defaults to ->disable if NULL)
* @irq_enable: enable the interrupt (defaults to chip->unmask if NULL)
* @irq_disable: disable the interrupt
* @irq_ack: start of a new interrupt
* @irq_mask: mask an interrupt source
* @irq_mask_ack: ack and mask an interrupt source
* @irq_unmask: unmask an interrupt source
* @irq_eoi: end of interrupt
* @irq_set_affinity: set the CPU affinity on SMP machines
* @irq_retrigger: resend an IRQ to the CPU
* @irq_set_type: set the flow type (IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL/etc.) of an IRQ
* @irq_set_wake: enable/disable power-management wake-on of an IRQ
* @irq_bus_lock: function to lock access to slow bus (i2c) chips
* @irq_bus_sync_unlock:function to sync and unlock slow bus (i2c) chips
* @irq_cpu_online: configure an interrupt source for a secondary CPU
* @irq_cpu_offline: un-configure an interrupt source for a secondary CPU
* @irq_suspend: function called from core code on suspend once per chip
* @irq_resume: function called from core code on resume once per chip
* @irq_pm_shutdown: function called from core code on shutdown once per chip
* @irq_calc_mask: Optional function to set irq_data.mask for special cases
* @irq_print_chip: optional to print special chip info in show_interrupts
* @irq_request_resources: optional to request resources before calling
* any other callback related to this irq
* @irq_release_resources: optional to release resources acquired with
* irq_request_resources
* @irq_compose_msi_msg: optional to compose message content for MSI
* @irq_write_msi_msg: optional to write message content for MSI
* @irq_get_irqchip_state: return the internal state of an interrupt
* @irq_set_irqchip_state: set the internal state of a interrupt
* @flags: chip specific flags
*/
struct irq_chip {
struct device *parent_device; //指向父设备
const char *name; // /proc/interrupts中显示的名字
unsigned int (*irq_startup)(struct irq_data *data); //启动中断，如果设置成NULL，则默认为enable
void (*irq_shutdown)(struct irq_data *data); //关闭中断，如果设置成NULL，则默认为disable
void (*irq_enable)(struct irq_data *data); //中断使能，如果设置成NULL，则默认为chip->unmask
void (*irq_disable)(struct irq_data *data); //中断禁止
void (*irq_ack)(struct irq_data *data); //开始新的中断
void (*irq_mask)(struct irq_data *data); //中断源屏蔽
void (*irq_mask_ack)(struct irq_data *data); //应答并屏蔽中断
void (*irq_unmask)(struct irq_data *data); //解除中断屏蔽
void (*irq_eoi)(struct irq_data *data); //中断处理结束后调用
int (*irq_set_affinity)(struct irq_data *data, const struct cpumask *dest, bool force); //在SMP中设置CPU亲和力
int (*irq_retrigger)(struct irq_data *data); //重新发送中断到CPU
int (*irq_set_type)(struct irq_data *data, unsigned int flow_type); //设置中断触发类型
int (*irq_set_wake)(struct irq_data *data, unsigned int on); //使能/禁止电源管理中的唤醒功能
void (*irq_bus_lock)(struct irq_data *data); //慢速芯片总线上的锁
void (*irq_bus_sync_unlock)(struct irq_data *data); //同步释放慢速总线芯片的锁
void (*irq_cpu_online)(struct irq_data *data);
void (*irq_cpu_offline)(struct irq_data *data);
void (*irq_suspend)(struct irq_data *data);
void (*irq_resume)(struct irq_data *data);
void (*irq_pm_shutdown)(struct irq_data *data);
void (*irq_calc_mask)(struct irq_data *data);
void (*irq_print_chip)(struct irq_data *data, struct seq_file *p);
int (*irq_request_resources)(struct irq_data *data);
void (*irq_release_resources)(struct irq_data *data);
void (*irq_compose_msi_msg)(struct irq_data *data, struct msi_msg *msg);
void (*irq_write_msi_msg)(struct irq_data *data, struct msi_msg *msg);
int (*irq_get_irqchip_state)(struct irq_data *data, enum irqchip_irq_state which, bool *state);
int (*irq_set_irqchip_state)(struct irq_data *data, enum irqchip_irq_state which, bool state);
int (*irq_set_vcpu_affinity)(struct irq_data *data, void *vcpu_info);
void (*ipi_send_single)(struct irq_data *data, unsigned int cpu);
void (*ipi_send_mask)(struct irq_data *data, const struct cpumask *dest);
unsigned long flags;
};
struct irq_domain {
struct list_head link; //用于添加到全局链表irq_domain_list中
const char *name; //IRQ domain的名字
const struct irq_domain_ops *ops; //IRQ domain映射操作函数集
void *host_data; //在GIC驱动中，指向了irq_gic_data
unsigned int flags;
unsigned int mapcount; //映射中断的个数
/* Optional data */
struct fwnode_handle *fwnode;
enum irq_domain_bus_token bus_token;
struct irq_domain_chip_generic *gc;
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
struct irq_domain *parent; //支持级联的话，指向父设备
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_IRQ_DEBUGFS
struct dentry *debugfs_file;
#endif
/* reverse map data. The linear map gets appended to the irq_domain */
irq_hw_number_t hwirq_max; //IRQ domain支持中断数量的最大值
unsigned int revmap_direct_max_irq;
unsigned int revmap_size; //线性映射的大小
struct radix_tree_root revmap_tree; //Radix Tree映射的根节点
unsigned int linear_revmap[]; //线性映射用到的查找表
};
struct irq_domain_ops {
int (*match)(struct irq_domain *d, struct device_node *node,
enum irq_domain_bus_token bus_token); // 用于中断控制器设备与IRQ domain的匹配
int (*select)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_fwspec *fwspec,
enum irq_domain_bus_token bus_token);
int (*map)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq, irq_hw_number_t hw); //用于硬件中断号与Linux中断号的映射
void (*unmap)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq);
int (*xlate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct device_node *node,
const u32 *intspec, unsigned int intsize,
unsigned long *out_hwirq, unsigned int *out_type); //通过device_node，解析硬件中断号和触发方式
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
/* extended V2 interfaces to support hierarchy irq_domains */
int (*alloc)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq,
unsigned int nr_irqs, void *arg);
void (*free)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq,
unsigned int nr_irqs);
void (*activate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_data *irq_data);
void (*deactivate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_data *irq_data);
int (*translate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_fwspec *fwspec,
unsigned long *out_hwirq, unsigned int *out_type);
#endif
};
2.3 irq_domain
/**
* struct irq_domain - Hardware interrupt number translation object
* @link: Element in global irq_domain list.
* @name: Name of interrupt domain
* @ops: pointer to irq_domain methods
* @host_data: private data pointer for use by owner. Not touched by irq_domain
* core code.
* @flags: host per irq_domain flags
*
* Optional elements
* @of_node: Pointer to device tree nodes associated with the irq_domain. Used
* when decoding device tree interrupt specifiers.
* @gc: Pointer to a list of generic chips. There is a helper function for
* setting up one or more generic chips for interrupt controllers
* drivers using the generic chip library which uses this pointer.
* @parent: Pointer to parent irq_domain to support hierarchy irq_domains
*
* Revmap data, used internally by irq_domain
* @revmap_direct_max_irq: The largest hwirq that can be set for controllers that
* support direct mapping
* @revmap_size: Size of the linear map table @linear_revmap[]
* @revmap_tree: Radix map tree for hwirqs that don't fit in the linear map
* @linear_revmap: Linear table of hwirq->virq reverse mappings
*/
struct irq_domain {
struct list_head link;
const char *name;
const struct irq_domain_ops *ops;
void *host_data;
unsigned int flags;
/* Optional data */
struct device_node *of_node;
struct irq_domain_chip_generic *gc;
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
struct irq_domain *parent;
#endif
/* reverse map data. The linear map gets appended to the irq_domain */
irq_hw_number_t hwirq_max;
unsigned int revmap_direct_max_irq;
unsigned int revmap_size;
struct radix_tree_root revmap_tree;
unsigned int linear_revmap[];
};2.4 irq_domain_ops
IRQ domain用于将硬件的中断号，转换成Linux系统中的中断号（virtual irq, virq），来张图：
- 每个中断控制器都对应一个IRQ Domain；
- 中断控制器驱动通过
irq_domain_add_*()接口来创建IRQ Domain； - IRQ Domain支持三种映射方式：linear map（线性映射），tree map（树映射），no map（不映射）；
- linear map：维护固定大小的表，索引是硬件中断号，如果硬件中断最大数量固定，并且数值不大，可以选择线性映射；
- tree map：硬件中断号可能很大，可以选择树映射；
- no map：硬件中断号直接就是Linux的中断号；
三种映射的方式如下图：
/**
* struct irq_domain_ops - Methods for irq_domain objects
* @match: Match an interrupt controller device node to a host, returns
* 1 on a match
* @map: Create or update a mapping between a virtual irq number and a hw
* irq number. This is called only once for a given mapping.
* @unmap: Dispose of such a mapping
* @xlate: Given a device tree node and interrupt specifier, decode
* the hardware irq number and linux irq type value.
*
* Functions below are provided by the driver and called whenever a new mapping
* is created or an old mapping is disposed. The driver can then proceed to
* whatever internal data structures management is required. It also needs
* to setup the irq_desc when returning from map().
*/
struct irq_domain_ops { irq_desc
/*********************（树映射）**********************/
int (*match)(struct irq_domain *d, struct device_node *node);
int (*map)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq, irq_hw_number_t hw); /* 创建虚拟中断号与硬件中断号的映射关系 */
void (*unmap)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq);
int (*xlate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct device_node *node,
const u32 *intspec, unsigned int intsize,
unsigned long *out_hwirq, unsigned int *out_type); /* 从设备树中获取hwirq 与 irq type */
/*******************（线性映射）*****************/
#ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_DOMAIN_HIERARCHY
/* extended V2 interfaces to support hierarchy irq_domains */
int (*alloc)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq,
unsigned int nr_irqs, void *arg);
void (*free)(struct irq_domain *d, unsigned int virq,
unsigned int nr_irqs);
void (*activate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_data *irq_data);
void (*deactivate)(struct irq_domain *d, struct irq_data *irq_data);
#endif
};
