效果图：

引入依赖：

<!--hutool工具包-->
<dependency>
	<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
	<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
	<version>5.7.15</version>
</dependency>

核心代码

import cn.hutool.captcha.CaptchaUtil;
import cn.hutool.captcha.CircleCaptcha;
import cn.hutool.captcha.ShearCaptcha;
import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.RandomUtil;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

import static cn.hutool.core.img.ImgUtil.toBufferedImage;

@RestController
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@RequestMapping("/api/performance")
public class PerformanceController {
/**
     * 获取扭曲干扰的验证码
     * @param response
     */
    @GetMapping("/createShearCaptcha")
    public void getShearCaptcha(HttpServletResponse response)
    {

        //定义图形验证码的长、宽、验证码字符数、干扰线宽度
        ShearCaptcha shearCaptcha = CaptchaUtil.createShearCaptcha(150, 50,4,3);
        //设置背景颜色
        shearCaptcha.setBackground(new Color(249, 251, 220));
        //生成四位验证码
        String code = RandomUtil.randomNumbers(4);
        //生成验证码图片
        Image image = shearCaptcha.createImage(code);
        //返回验证码信息
        responseCode(response, code, image);
    }


    /**
     * 获取圆圈干扰的验证码
     * @param response
     */
    @GetMapping("/createCircleCaptcha")
    public void getCircleCaptcha(HttpServletResponse response)
    {

        //定义图形验证码的长、宽、验证码位数、干扰圈圈数量
        CircleCaptcha circleCaptcha = CaptchaUtil.createCircleCaptcha(150, 50,4,30);
        //设置背景颜色
        circleCaptcha.setBackground(new Color(249, 251, 220));
        //生成四位验证码
        String code = RandomUtil.randomNumbers(4);
        Image image = circleCaptcha.createImage(code);
        //返回验证码信息
        responseCode(response, code, image);
    }


    private static void responseCode(HttpServletResponse response, String code, Image image) {
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        String uuidStr = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
        response.setHeader("verifyCodeUuid",uuidStr);
        try {
            BufferedImage bufferedImage = toBufferedImage(image);
            // 创建一个ByteArrayOutputStream，用于存储图片数据
            ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            // 写入图片数据到ByteArrayOutputStream
            ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpeg", baos);
            // 将ByteArrayOutputStream转换为ByteArrayInputStream
            byte[] imageInBytes = baos.toByteArray();
            //输出
            IoUtil.write(response.getOutputStream(), true, imageInBytes);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

	在这里响应的时候，我在请求头中加了个verifyCodeUuid （验证码唯一标识）， 是用于后续 校验验证码使用的，可以将验证码存在redis ，存储的key的话可以使用 【前缀+请求ip+verifyCodeUuid 】 形式来进行存储，后续获取校验的时候也是一样的key，前端就需要将verifyCodeUuid 和用户输入的验证码一并传过来。这是一种简单的实现，具体 实现还需看具体业务，这里供参考。

    @GetMapping("/createShearCaptchaV2")
    public void getShearCaptchaV2(HttpServletResponse response)
    {
        //定义图形验证码的长、宽、验证码字符数、干扰线宽度
        ShearCaptcha shearCaptcha = CaptchaUtil.createShearCaptcha(150, 50,4,3);
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        String uuidStr = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
        log.info("生成验证码 uuidStr：{} ，code:{}",uuidStr, shearCaptcha.getCode());
        response.setHeader("verifyCodeUuid",uuidStr);
        try {
            //输出
            shearCaptcha.write(response.getOutputStream());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }