Docker常规安装简介
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1. 安装mysql
1.1 docker hub上面查找mysql镜像
网址：
https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql
1.2 从docker hub上（阿里云加速器）拉取mysql镜像到本地标签5.7
[root@localhost docker]# docker pull mysql:5.7
1.3 使用mysql5.7镜像创建容器（也叫运行镜像）
- 使用mysql镜像
[root@localhost docker]# docker run -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=XXX -d mysql:5.7
需要注意linux下是否本身就已经运行了3306端口，避免出现端口被占用的问题。
[root@localhost docker]# ps -ef|grep mysql
查看docker中的mysql是否已经启动成功
[root@localhost docker]# docker ps
- 进入mysql容器实例
[root@localhost docker]# docker exec -it 5667939c0687 /bin/bash
进入mysql
root@5667939c0687:/# mysql -uroot -p
使用SQLyog查询数据表是否创建成功，输入虚拟机中的主机地址，并输入数据库密码：XXX，点击测试连接，测试通过后，点击连接即可进入数据库
输入如下数据库语句查询数据表内容
SELECT * FROM t1;
1.4 实战版
- 新建mysql容器实例（使用容器卷同步数据）
在根目录下创建chenkai文件夹
[chenkai@192 /]$ sudo mkdir chenkai
将之前启动的mysql停止掉
[root@localhost docker]# docker stop 5667939c0687
之前删除容器会导致之前的数据无法进行保存，因此需要将数据保存到容器卷中
[root@192 hostdata]#
docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true -v /chenkai/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql -v /chenkai/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /chenkai/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=XXX --name mysql mysql:5.7
docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true
-v /chenkai/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql
-v /chenkai/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql
-v /chenkai/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=XXX
–name mysql
mysql:5.7
解析：
-e表示环境信息，数据库密码
- 新建my.cnf
通过容器卷同步给mysql容器实例
[root@192 hostdata]# cd /chenkai/mysql/conf
[root@192 conf]# ls -l
总用量 0
创建my.cnf，并修改
[root@192 conf]# vim my.cnf
输入i进行插入，将如下的内容复制进去
[client]
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld]
collation_server=utf8_general_ci
character_set_server=utf8
- 重新启动mysql容器实例，再重新进入并查看字符编码
[root@192 conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ec1f0d15e2aa mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[root@192 conf]# docker restart mysql
mysql
进入数据库验证数据表创建是否有错误
[root@192 conf]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
root@ec1f0d15e2aa:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: XXX
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.02 sec)
可以看到所有的信息都已经调整为了utf8，接着执行数据库建表操作，按如下操作所示
mysql> create database db01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db01;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(id int,name varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'z3');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
接着查询数据表，可以看到相关的内容如下所示，已经可以添加中文字符。
接着将容器删除，重新打开mysql，验证数据是否会被删除，如下图所示
[root@192 conf]# docker rm -f mysql
mysql
[root@192 conf]# docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true -v /chenkai/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql -v /chenkai/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /chenkai/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=XXX --name mysql mysql:5.7
85b3c1137ae86c7f45abc91959bd882df61c61eca3ba2eec377d732beff0ac39
[root@192 conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
85b3c1137ae8 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 14 seconds ago Up 13 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[root@192 conf]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
root@85b3c1137ae8:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: XXX
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db01 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db01;
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+--------+
| id | name |
+------+--------+
| 1 | z3 |
| 3 | 王五 |
+------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2. 安装redis
2.1 入门命令
[root@192 conf]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest 9c7a54a9a43c 3 months ago 13.3kB
mysql 5.7 c20987f18b13 19 months ago 448MB
ubuntu latest ba6acccedd29 21 months ago 72.8MB
redis 6.0.8 16ecd2772934 2 years ago 104MB
[root@192 conf]# docker run -d -p 6379:6379 redis:6.0.8
e4150c1a09436056850dd7efb19792f3ba2b12f2b4f439b3c28b4c78face1524
[root@192 conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e4150c1a0943 redis:6.0.8 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 7 seconds ago Up 5 seconds
0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, :::6379->6379/tcp sweet_faraday
85b3c1137ae8 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[root@192 conf]# docker exec -it e4150c1a0943 /bin/bash
root@e4150c1a0943:/data# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set k1 v1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get k1
"v1"
可以看到很方便的，redis就已经操作成功，但是在实际应用过程中，需要对于redis数据进行保存，同时需要对于redis的配置文件进行修改，因此还需要进行一定的调整。
为了避免干扰，首先将redis的容器实例删除
[root@192 conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e4150c1a0943 redis:6.0.8 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, :::6379->6379/tcp sweet_faraday
85b3c1137ae8 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 10 minutes ago Up 10 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql
[root@192 conf]# docker rm -f e4150c1a0943
e4150c1a0943
2.2 命令提醒：容器卷记得加上 - -privileged=true
Docker挂在主机目录访问出现cannot open directory : Permission denied
解决方法：在挂载目录后多加一个—privileged=true
2.3 在CentOS宿主机下新建目录/app/redis
[root@localhost chenkai]# mkdir -p /app/redis
2.4 将一个redis.conf文件模板拷贝进/app/redis目录下
[root@localhost redis]# pwd
/app/redis
[root@localhost redis]# vim redis.conf
打开后添加如下内容
# Redis configuration file example.
#
# Note that in order to read the configuration file, Redis must be
# started with the file path as first argument:
#
# ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
# Note on units: when memory size is needed, it is possible to specify
# it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth:
#
# 1k => 1000 bytes
# 1kb => 1024 bytes
# 1m => 1000000 bytes
# 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes
# 1g => 1000000000 bytes
# 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes
#
# units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same.
################################## INCLUDES ###################################
# Include one or more other config files here. This is useful if you
# have a standard template that goes to all Redis servers but also need
# to customize a few per-server settings. Include files can include
# other files, so use this wisely.
#
# Notice option "include" won't be rewritten by command "CONFIG REWRITE"
# from admin or Redis Sentinel. Since Redis always uses the last processed
# line as value of a configuration directive, you'd better put includes
# at the beginning of this file to avoid overwriting config change at runtime.
#
# If instead you are interested in using includes to override configuration
# options, it is better to use include as the last line.
#
# include /path/to/local.conf
# include /path/to/other.conf
################################## MODULES #####################################
# Load modules at startup. If the server is not able to load modules
# it will abort. It is possible to use multiple loadmodule directives.
#
# loadmodule /path/to/my_module.so
# loadmodule /path/to/other_module.so
################################## NETWORK #####################################
# By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens
# for connections from all the network interfaces available on the server.
# It is possible to listen to just one or multiple selected interfaces using
# the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses.
#
# Examples:
#
# bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1
# bind 127.0.0.1 ::1
#
# ~~~ WARNING ~~~ If the computer running Redis is directly exposed to the
# internet, binding to all the interfaces is dangerous and will expose the
# instance to everybody on the internet. So by default we uncomment the
# following bind directive, that will force Redis to listen only into
# the IPv4 loopback interface address (this means Redis will be able to
# accept connections only from clients running into the same computer it
# is running).
#
# IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE INTERFACES
# JUST COMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE.
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
bind 127.0.0.1
# Protected mode is a layer of security protection, in order to avoid that
# Redis instances left open on the internet are accessed and exploited.
#
# When protected mode is on and if:
#
# 1) The server is not binding explicitly to a set of addresses using the
# "bind" directive.
# 2) No password is configured.
#
# The server only accepts connections from clients connecting from the
# IPv4 and IPv6 loopback addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1, and from Unix domain
# sockets.
#
# By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
# you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
# even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
# are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
protected-mode yes
# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379 (IANA #815344).
# If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.
port 6379
# TCP listen() backlog.
#
# In high requests-per-second environments you need an high backlog in order
# to avoid slow clients connections issues. Note that the Linux kernel
# will silently truncate it to the value of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn so
# make sure to raise both the value of somaxconn and tcp_max_syn_backlog
# in order to get the desired effect.
tcp-backlog 511
# Unix socket.
#
# Specify the path for the Unix socket that will be used to listen for
# incoming connections. There is no default, so Redis will not listen
# on a unix socket when not specified.
#
# unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock
# unixsocketperm 700
# Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
timeout 0
# TCP keepalive.
#
# If non-zero, use SO_KEEPALIVE to send TCP ACKs to clients in absence
# of communication. This is useful for two reasons:
#
# 1) Detect dead peers.
# 2) Take the connection alive from the point of view of network
# equipment in the middle.
#
# On Linux, the specified value (in seconds) is the period used to send ACKs.
# Note that to close the connection the double of the time is needed.
# On other kernels the period depends on the kernel configuration.
#
# A reasonable value for this option is 300 seconds, which is the new
# Redis default starting with Redis 3.2.1.
tcp-keepalive 300
################################# TLS/SSL #####################################
# By default, TLS/SSL is disabled. To enable it, the "tls-port" configuration
# directive can be used to define TLS-listening ports. To enable TLS on the
# default port, use:
#
# port 0
# tls-port 6379
# Configure a X.509 certificate and private key to use for authenticating the
# server to connected clients, masters or cluster peers. These files should be
# PEM formatted.
#
# tls-cert-file redis.crt
# tls-key-file redis.key
# Configure a DH parameters file to enable Diffie-Hellman (DH) key exchange:
#
# tls-dh-params-file redis.dh
# Configure a CA certificate(s) bundle or directory to authenticate TLS/SSL
# clients and peers. Redis requires an explicit configuration of at least one
# of these, and will not implicitly use the system wide configuration.
#
# tls-ca-cert-file ca.crt
# tls-ca-cert-dir /etc/ssl/certs
# By default, clients (including replica servers) on a TLS port are required
# to authenticate using valid client side certificates.
#
# If "no" is specified, client certificates are not required and not accepted.
# If "optional" is specified, client certificates are accepted and must be
# valid if provided, but are not required.
#
# tls-auth-clients no
# tls-auth-clients optional
# By default, a Redis replica does not attempt to establish a TLS connection
# with its master.
#
# Use the following directive to enable TLS on replication links.
#
# tls-replication yes
# By default, the Redis Cluster bus uses a plain TCP connection. To enable
# TLS for the bus protocol, use the following directive:
#
# tls-cluster yes
# Explicitly specify TLS versions to support. Allowed values are case insensitive
# and include "TLSv1", "TLSv1.1", "TLSv1.2", "TLSv1.3" (OpenSSL >= 1.1.1) or
# any combination. To enable only TLSv1.2 and TLSv1.3, use:
#
# tls-protocols "TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3"
# Configure allowed ciphers. See the ciphers(1ssl) manpage for more information
# about the syntax of this string.
#
# Note: this configuration applies only to <= TLSv1.2.
#
# tls-ciphers DEFAULT:!MEDIUM
# Configure allowed TLSv1.3 ciphersuites. See the ciphers(1ssl) manpage for more
# information about the syntax of this string, and specifically for TLSv1.3
# ciphersuites.
#
# tls-ciphersuites TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256
# When choosing a cipher, use the server's preference instead of the client
# preference. By default, the server follows the client's preference.
#
# tls-prefer-server-ciphers yes
# By default, TLS session caching is enabled to allow faster and less expensive
# reconnections by clients that support it. Use the following directive to disable
# caching.
#
# tls-session-caching no
# Change the default number of TLS sessions cached. A zero value sets the cache
# to unlimited size. The default size is 20480.
#
# tls-session-cache-size 5000
# Change the default timeout of cached TLS sessions. The default timeout is 300
# seconds.
#
# tls-session-cache-timeout 60
################################# GENERAL #####################################
# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
daemonize no
# If you run Redis from upstart or systemd, Redis can interact with your
# supervision tree. Options:
# supervised no - no supervision interaction
# supervised upstart - signal upstart by putting Redis into SIGSTOP mode
# supervised systemd - signal systemd by writing READY=1 to $NOTIFY_SOCKET
# supervised auto - detect upstart or systemd method based on
# UPSTART_JOB or NOTIFY_SOCKET environment variables
# Note: these supervision methods only signal "process is ready."
# They do not enable continuous liveness pings back to your supervisor.
supervised no
# If a pid file is specified, Redis writes it where specified at startup
# and removes it at exit.
#
# When the server runs non daemonized, no pid file is created if none is
# specified in the configuration. When the server is daemonized, the pid file
# is used even if not specified, defaulting to "/var/run/redis.pid".
#
# Creating a pid file is best effort: if Redis is not able to create it
# nothing bad happens, the server will start and run normally.
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
# Specify the server verbosity level.
# This can be one of:
# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
# verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
loglevel notice
# Specify the log file name. Also the empty string can be used to force
# Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
logfile ""
# To enable logging to the system logger, just set 'syslog-enabled' to yes,
# and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs.
# syslog-enabled no
# Specify the syslog identity.
# syslog-ident redis
# Specify the syslog facility. Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7.
# syslog-facility local0
# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
# dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
databases 16
# By default Redis shows an ASCII art logo only when started to log to the
# standard output and if the standard output is a TTY. Basically this means
# that normally a logo is displayed only in interactive sessions.
#
# However it is possible to force the pre-4.0 behavior and always show a
# ASCII art logo in startup logs by setting the following option to yes.
always-show-logo yes
################################ SNAPSHOTTING ################################
#
# Save the DB on disk:
#
# save <seconds> <changes>
#
# Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
# number of write operations against the DB occurred.
#
# In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
# after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
# after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
# after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
#
# Note: you can disable saving completely by commenting out all "save" lines.
#
# It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save
# points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument
# like in the following example:
#
# save ""
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
# By default Redis will stop accepting writes if RDB snapshots are enabled
# (at least one save point) and the latest background save failed.
# This will make the user aware (in a hard way) that data is not persisting
# on disk properly, otherwise chances are that no one will notice and some
# disaster will happen.
#
# If the background saving process will start working again Redis will
# automatically allow writes again.
#
# However if you have setup your proper monitoring of the Redis server
# and persistence, you may want to disable this feature so that Redis will
# continue to work as usual even if there are problems with disk,
# permissions, and so forth.
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
# For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
rdbcompression yes
# Since version 5 of RDB a CRC64 checksum is placed at the end of the file.
# This makes the format more resistant to corruption but there is a performance
# hit to pay (around 10%) when saving and loading RDB files, so you can disable it
# for maximum performances.
#
# RDB files created with checksum disabled have a checksum of zero that will
# tell the loading code to skip the check.
rdbchecksum yes
# The filename where to dump the DB
dbfilename dump.rdb
# Remove RDB files used by replication in instances without persistence
# enabled. By default this option is disabled, however there are environments
# where for regulations or other security concerns, RDB files persisted on
# disk by masters in order to feed replicas, or stored on disk by replicas
# in order to load them for the initial synchronization, should be deleted
# ASAP. Note that this option ONLY WORKS in instances that have both AOF
# and RDB persistence disabled, otherwise is completely ignored.
#
# An alternative (and sometimes better) way to obtain the same effect is
# to use diskless replication on both master and replicas instances. However
# in the case of replicas, diskless is not always an option.
rdb-del-sync-files no
# The working directory.
#
# The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified
# above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive.
#
# The Append Only File will also be created inside this directory.
#
# Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
dir ./
################################# REPLICATION #################################
# Master-Replica replication. Use replicaof to make a Redis instance a copy of
# another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication.
#
# +------------------+ +---------------+
# | Master | ---> | Replica |
# | (receive writes) | | (exact copy) |
# +------------------+ +---------------+
#
# 1) Redis replication is asynchronous, but you can configure a master to
# stop accepting writes if it appears to be not connected with at least
# a given number of replicas.
# 2) Redis replicas are able to perform a partial resynchronization with the
# master if the replication link is lost for a relatively small amount of
# time. You may want to configure the replication backlog size (see the next
# sections of this file) with a sensible value depending on your needs.
# 3) Replication is automatic and does not need user intervention. After a
# network partition replicas automatically try to reconnect to masters
# and resynchronize with them.
#
# replicaof <masterip> <masterport>
# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
# directive below) it is possible to tell the replica to authenticate before
# starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
# refuse the replica request.
#
# masterauth <master-password>
#
# However this is not enough if you are using Redis ACLs (for Redis version
# 6 or greater), and the default user is not capable of running the PSYNC
# command and/or other commands needed for replication. In this case it's
# better to configure a special user to use with replication, and specify the
# masteruser configuration as such:
#
# masteruser <username>
#
# When masteruser is specified, the replica will authenticate against its
# master using the new AUTH form: AUTH <username> <password>.
# When a replica loses its connection with the master, or when the replication
# is still in progress, the replica can act in two different ways:
#
# 1) if replica-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the replica will
# still reply to client requests, possibly with out of date data, or the
# data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization.
#
# 2) if replica-serve-stale-data is set to 'no' the replica will reply with
# an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands
# but to INFO, replicaOF, AUTH, PING, SHUTDOWN, REPLCONF, ROLE, CONFIG,
# SUBSCRIBE, UNSUBSCRIBE, PSUBSCRIBE, PUNSUBSCRIBE, PUBLISH, PUBSUB,
# COMMAND, POST, HOST: and LATENCY.
#
replica-serve-stale-data yes
# You can configure a replica instance to accept writes or not. Writing against
# a replica instance may be useful to store some ephemeral data (because data
# written on a replica will be easily deleted after resync with the master) but
# may also cause problems if clients are writing to it because of a
# misconfiguration.
#
# Since Redis 2.6 by default replicas are read-only.
#
# Note: read only replicas are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients
# on the internet. It's just a protection layer against misuse of the instance.
# Still a read only replica exports by default all the administrative commands
# such as CONFIG, DEBUG, and so forth. To a limited extent you can improve
# security of read only replicas using 'rename-command' to shadow all the
# administrative / dangerous commands.
replica-read-only yes
# Replication SYNC strategy: disk or socket.
#
# New replicas and reconnecting replicas that are not able to continue the
# replication process just receiving differences, need to do what is called a
# "full synchronization". An RDB file is transmitted from the master to the
# replicas.
#
# The transmission can happen in two different ways:
#
# 1) Disk-backed: The Redis master creates a new process that writes the RDB
# file on disk. Later the file is transferred by the parent
# process to the replicas incrementally.
# 2) Diskless: The Redis master creates a new process that directly writes the
# RDB file to replica sockets, without touching the disk at all.
#
# With disk-backed replication, while the RDB file is generated, more replicas
# can be queued and served with the RDB file as soon as the current child
# producing the RDB file finishes its work. With diskless replication instead
# once the transfer starts, new replicas arriving will be queued and a new
# transfer will start when the current one terminates.
#
# When diskless replication is used, the master waits a configurable amount of
# time (in seconds) before starting the transfer in the hope that multiple
# replicas will arrive and the transfer can be parallelized.
#
# With slow disks and fast (large bandwidth) networks, diskless replication
# works better.
repl-diskless-sync no
# When diskless replication is enabled, it is possible to configure the delay
# the server waits in order to spawn the child that transfers the RDB via socket
# to the replicas.
#
# This is important since once the transfer starts, it is not possible to serve
# new replicas arriving, that will be queued for the next RDB transfer, so the
# server waits a delay in order to let more replicas arrive.
#
# The delay is specified in seconds, and by default is 5 seconds. To disable
# it entirely just set it to 0 seconds and the transfer will start ASAP.
repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# WARNING: RDB diskless load is experimental. Since in this setup the replica
# does not immediately store an RDB on disk, it may cause data loss during
# failovers. RDB diskless load + Redis modules not handling I/O reads may also
# cause Redis to abort in case of I/O errors during the initial synchronization
# stage with the master. Use only if your do what you are doing.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Replica can load the RDB it reads from the replication link directly from the
# socket, or store the RDB to a file and read that file after it was completely
# recived from the master.
#
# In many cases the disk is slower than the network, and storing and loading
# the RDB file may increase replication time (and even increase the master's
# Copy on Write memory and salve buffers).
# However, parsing the RDB file directly from the socket may mean that we have
# to flush the contents of the current database before the full rdb was
# received. For this reason we have the following options:
#
# "disabled" - Don't use diskless load (store the rdb file to the disk first)
# "on-empty-db" - Use diskless load only when it is completely safe.
# "swapdb" - Keep a copy of the current db contents in RAM while parsing
# the data directly from the socket. note that this requires
# sufficient memory, if you don't have it, you risk an OOM kill.
repl-diskless-load disabled
# Replicas send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It's possible to
# change this interval with the repl_ping_replica_period option. The default
# value is 10 seconds.
#
# repl-ping-replica-period 10
# The following option sets the replication timeout for:
#
# 1) Bulk transfer I/O during SYNC, from the point of view of replica.
# 2) Master timeout from the point of view of replicas (data, pings).
# 3) Replica timeout from the point of view of masters (REPLCONF ACK pings).
#
# It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value
# specified for repl-ping-replica-period otherwise a timeout will be detected
# every time there is low traffic between the master and the replica.
#
# repl-timeout 60
# Disable TCP_NODELAY on the replica socket after SYNC?
#
# If you select "yes" Redis will use a smaller number of TCP packets and
# less bandwidth to send data to replicas. But this can add a delay for
# the data to appear on the replica side, up to 40 milliseconds with
# Linux kernels using a default configuration.
#
# If you select "no" the delay for data to appear on the replica side will
# be reduced but more bandwidth will be used for replication.
#
# By default we optimize for low latency, but in very high traffic conditions
# or when the master and replicas are many hops away, turning this to "yes" may
# be a good idea.
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
# Set the replication backlog size. The backlog is a buffer that accumulates
# replica data when replicas are disconnected for some time, so that when a
# replica wants to reconnect again, often a full resync is not needed, but a
# partial resync is enough, just passing the portion of data the replica
# missed while disconnected.
#
# The bigger the replication backlog, the longer the time the replica can be
# disconnected and later be able to perform a partial resynchronization.
#
# The backlog is only allocated once there is at least a replica connected.
#
# repl-backlog-size 1mb
# After a master has no longer connected replicas for some time, the backlog
# will be freed. The following option configures the amount of seconds that
# need to elapse, starting from the time the last replica disconnected, for
# the backlog buffer to be freed.
#
# Note that replicas never free the backlog for timeout, since they may be
# promoted to masters later, and should be able to correctly "partially
# resynchronize" with the replicas: hence they should always accumulate backlog.
#
# A value of 0 means to never release the backlog.
#
# repl-backlog-ttl 3600
# The replica priority is an integer number published by Redis in the INFO
# output. It is used by Redis Sentinel in order to select a replica to promote
# into a master if the master is no longer working correctly.
#
# A replica with a low priority number is considered better for promotion, so
# for instance if there are three replicas with priority 10, 100, 25 Sentinel
# will pick the one with priority 10, that is the lowest.
#
# However a special priority of 0 marks the replica as not able to perform the
# role of master, so a replica with priority of 0 will never be selected by
# Redis Sentinel for promotion.
#
# By default the priority is 100.
replica-priority 100
# It is possible for a master to stop accepting writes if there are less than
# N replicas connected, having a lag less or equal than M seconds.
#
# The N replicas need to be in "online" state.
#
# The lag in seconds, that must be <= the specified value, is calculated from
# the last ping received from the replica, that is usually sent every second.
#
# This option does not GUARANTEE that N replicas will accept the write, but
# will limit the window of exposure for lost writes in case not enough replicas
# are available, to the specified number of seconds.
#
# For example to require at least 3 replicas with a lag <= 10 seconds use:
#
# min-replicas-to-write 3
# min-replicas-max-lag 10
#
# Setting one or the other to 0 disables the feature.
#
# By default min-replicas-to-write is set to 0 (feature disabled) and
# min-replicas-max-lag is set to 10.
# A Redis master is able to list the address and port of the attached
# replicas in different ways. For example the "INFO replication" section
# offers this information, which is used, among other tools, by
# Redis Sentinel in order to discover replica instances.
# Another place where this info is available is in the output of the
# "ROLE" command of a master.
#
# The listed IP and address normally reported by a replica is obtained
# in the following way:
#
# IP: The address is auto detected by checking the peer address
# of the socket used by the replica to connect with the master.
#
# Port: The port is communicated by the replica during the replication
# handshake, and is normally the port that the replica is using to
# listen for connections.
#
# However when port forwarding or Network Address Translation (NAT) is
# used, the replica may be actually reachable via different IP and port
# pairs. The following two options can be used by a replica in order to
# report to its master a specific set of IP and port, so that both INFO
# and ROLE will report those values.
#
# There is no need to use both the options if you need to override just
# the port or the IP address.
#
# replica-announce-ip 5.5.5.5
# replica-announce-port 1234
############################### KEYS TRACKING #################################
# Redis implements server assisted support for client side caching of values.
# This is implemented using an invalidation table that remembers, using
# 16 millions of slots, what clients may have certain subsets of keys. In turn
# this is used in order to send invalidation messages to clients. Please
# to understand more about the feature check this page:
#
# https://redis.io/topics/client-side-caching
#
# When tracking is enabled for a client, all the read only queries are assumed
# to be cached: this will force Redis to store information in the invalidation
# table. When keys are modified, such information is flushed away, and
# invalidation messages are sent to the clients. However if the workload is
# heavily dominated by reads, Redis could use more and more memory in order
# to track the keys fetched by many clients.
#
# For this reason it is possible to configure a maximum fill value for the
# invalidation table. By default it is set to 1M of keys, and once this limit
# is reached, Redis will start to evict keys in the invalidation table
# even if they were not modified, just to reclaim memory: this will in turn
# force the clients to invalidate the cached values. Basically the table
# maximum size is a trade off between the memory you want to spend server
# side to track information about who cached what, and the ability of clients
# to retain cached objects in memory.
#
# If you set the value to 0, it means there are no limits, and Redis will
# retain as many keys as needed in the invalidation table.
# In the "stats" INFO section, you can find information about the number of
# keys in the invalidation table at every given moment.
#
# Note: when key tracking is used in broadcasting mode, no memory is used
# in the server side so this setting is useless.
#
# tracking-table-max-keys 1000000
################################## SECURITY ###################################
# Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to
# 1 million passwords per second against a modern box. This means that you
# should use very strong passwords, otherwise they will be very easy to break.
# Note that because the password is really a shared secret between the client
# and the server, and should not be memorized by any human, the password
# can be easily a long string from /dev/urandom or whatever, so by using a
# long and unguessable password no brute force attack will be possible.
# Redis ACL users are defined in the following format:
#
# user <username> ... acl rules ...
#
# For example:
#
# user worker +@list +@connection ~jobs:* on >ffa9203c493aa99
#
# The special username "default" is used for new connections. If this user
# has the "nopass" rule, then new connections will be immediately authenticated
# as the "default" user without the need of any password provided via the
# AUTH command. Otherwise if the "default" user is not flagged with "nopass"
# the connections will start in not authenticated state, and will require
# AUTH (or the HELLO command AUTH option) in order to be authenticated and
# start to work.
#
# The ACL rules that describe what an user can do are the following:
#
# on Enable the user: it is possible to authenticate as this user.
# off Disable the user: it's no longer possible to authenticate
# with this user, however the already authenticated connections
# will still work.
# +<command> Allow the execution of that command
# -<command> Disallow the execution of that command
# +@<category> Allow the execution of all the commands in such category
# with valid categories are like @admin, @set, @sortedset, ...
# and so forth, see the full list in the server.c file where
# the Redis command table is described and defined.
# The special category @all means all the commands, but currently
# present in the server, and that will be loaded in the future
# via modules.
# +<command>|subcommand Allow a specific subcommand of an otherwise
# disabled command. Note that this form is not
# allowed as negative like -DEBUG|SEGFAULT, but
# only additive starting with "+".
# allcommands Alias for +@all. Note that it implies the ability to execute
# all the future commands loaded via the modules system.
# nocommands Alias for -@all.
# ~<pattern> Add a pattern of keys that can be mentioned as part of
# commands. For instance ~* allows all the keys. The pattern
# is a glob-style pattern like the one of KEYS.
# It is possible to specify multiple patterns.
# allkeys Alias for ~*
# resetkeys Flush the list of allowed keys patterns.
# ><password> Add this passowrd to the list of valid password for the user.
# For example >mypass will add "mypass" to the list.
# This directive clears the "nopass" flag (see later).
# <<password> Remove this password from the list of valid passwords.
# nopass All the set passwords of the user are removed, and the user
# is flagged as requiring no password: it means that every
# password will work against this user. If this directive is
# used for the default user, every new connection will be
# immediately authenticated with the default user without
# any explicit AUTH command required. Note that the "resetpass"
# directive will clear this condition.
# resetpass Flush the list of allowed passwords. Moreover removes the
# "nopass" status. After "resetpass" the user has no associated
# passwords and there is no way to authenticate without adding
# some password (or setting it as "nopass" later).
# reset Performs the following actions: resetpass, resetkeys, off,
# -@all. The user returns to the same state it has immediately
# after its creation.
#
# ACL rules can be specified in any order: for instance you can start with
# passwords, then flags, or key patterns. However note that the additive
# and subtractive rules will CHANGE MEANING depending on the ordering.
# For instance see the following example:
#
# user alice on +@all -DEBUG ~* >somepassword
#
# This will allow "alice" to use all the commands with the exception of the
# DEBUG command, since +@all added all the commands to the set of the commands
# alice can use, and later DEBUG was removed. However if we invert the order
# of two ACL rules the result will be different:
#
# user alice on -DEBUG +@all ~* >somepassword
#
# Now DEBUG was removed when alice had yet no commands in the set of allowed
# commands, later all the commands are added, so the user will be able to
# execute everything.
#
# Basically ACL rules are processed left-to-right.
#
# For more information about ACL configuration please refer to
# the Redis web site at https://redis.io/topics/acl
# ACL LOG
#
# The ACL Log tracks failed commands and authentication events associated
# with ACLs. The ACL Log is useful to troubleshoot failed commands blocked
# by ACLs. The ACL Log is stored in memory. You can reclaim memory with
# ACL LOG RESET. Define the maximum entry length of the ACL Log below.
acllog-max-len 128
# Using an external ACL file
#
# Instead of configuring users here in this file, it is possible to use
# a stand-alone file just listing users. The two methods cannot be mixed:
# if you configure users here and at the same time you activate the exteranl
# ACL file, the server will refuse to start.
#
# The format of the external ACL user file is exactly the same as the
# format that is used inside redis.conf to describe users.
#
# aclfile /etc/redis/users.acl
# IMPORTANT NOTE: starting with Redis 6 "requirepass" is just a compatiblity
# layer on top of the new ACL system. The option effect will be just setting
# the password for the default user. Clients will still authenticate using
# AUTH <password> as usually, or more explicitly with AUTH default <password>
# if they follow the new protocol: both will work.
#
# requirepass foobared
# Command renaming (DEPRECATED).
#
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# WARNING: avoid using this option if possible. Instead use ACLs to remove
# commands from the default user, and put them only in some admin user you
# create for administrative purposes.
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# It is possible to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared
# environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something
# hard to guess so that it will still be available for internal-use tools
# but not available for general clients.
#
# Example:
#
# rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52
#
# It is also possible to completely kill a command by renaming it into
# an empty string:
#
# rename-command CONFIG ""
#
# Please note that changing the name of commands that are logged into the
# AOF file or transmitted to replicas may cause problems.
################################### CLIENTS ####################################
# Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default
# this limit is set to 10000 clients, however if the Redis server is not
# able to configure the process file limit to allow for the specified limit
# the max number of allowed clients is set to the current file limit
# minus 32 (as Redis reserves a few file descriptors for internal uses).
#
# Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
# an error 'max number of clients reached'.
#
# IMPORTANT: When Redis Cluster is used, the max number of connections is also
# shared with the cluster bus: every node in the cluster will use two
# connections, one incoming and another outgoing. It is important to size the
# limit accordingly in case of very large clusters.
#
# maxclients 10000
############################## MEMORY MANAGEMENT ################################
# Set a memory usage limit to the specified amount of bytes.
# When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys
# according to the eviction policy selected (see maxmemory-policy).
#
# If Redis can't remove keys according to the policy, or if the policy is
# set to 'noeviction', Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
# that would use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
# to reply to read-only commands like GET.
#
# This option is usually useful when using Redis as an LRU or LFU cache, or to
# set a hard memory limit for an instance (using the 'noeviction' policy).
#
# WARNING: If you have replicas attached to an instance with maxmemory on,
# the size of the output buffers needed to feed the replicas are subtracted
# from the used memory count, so that network problems / resyncs will
# not trigger a loop where keys are evicted, and in turn the output
# buffer of replicas is full with DELs of keys evicted triggering the deletion
# of more keys, and so forth until the database is completely emptied.
#
# In short... if you have replicas attached it is suggested that you set a lower
# limit for maxmemory so that there is some free RAM on the system for replica
# output buffers (but this is not needed if the policy is 'noeviction').
#
# maxmemory <bytes>
# MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory
# is reached. You can select one from the following behaviors:
#
# volatile-lru -> Evict using approximated LRU, only keys with an expire set.
# allkeys-lru -> Evict any key using approximated LRU.
# volatile-lfu -> Evict using approximated LFU, only keys with an expire set.
# allkeys-lfu -> Evict any key using approximated LFU.
# volatile-random -> Remove a random key having an expire set.
# allkeys-random -> Remove a random key, any key.
# volatile-ttl -> Remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)
# noeviction -> Don't evict anything, just return an error on write operations.
#
# LRU means Least Recently Used
# LFU means Least Frequently Used
#
# Both LRU, LFU and volatile-ttl are implemented using approximated
# randomized algorithms.
#
# Note: with any of the above policies, Redis will return an error on write
# operations, when there are no suitable keys for eviction.
#
# At the date of writing these commands are: set setnx setex append
# incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd
# sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby
# zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby
# getset mset msetnx exec sort
#
# The default is:
#
# maxmemory-policy noeviction
# LRU, LFU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated
# algorithms (in order to save memory), so you can tune it for speed or
# accuracy. For default Redis will check five keys and pick the one that was
# used less recently, you can change the sample size using the following
# configuration directive.
#
# The default of 5 produces good enough results. 10 Approximates very closely
# true LRU but costs more CPU. 3 is faster but not very accurate.
#
# maxmemory-samples 5
# Starting from Redis 5, by default a replica will ignore its maxmemory setting
# (unless it is promoted to master after a failover or manually). It means
# that the eviction of keys will be just handled by the master, sending the
# DEL commands to the replica as keys evict in the master side.
#
# This behavior ensures that masters and replicas stay consistent, and is usually
# what you want, however if your replica is writable, or you want the replica
# to have a different memory setting, and you are sure all the writes performed
# to the replica are idempotent, then you may change this default (but be sure
# to understand what you are doing).
#
# Note that since the replica by default does not evict, it may end using more
# memory than the one set via maxmemory (there are certain buffers that may
# be larger on the replica, or data structures may sometimes take more memory
# and so forth). So make sure you monitor your replicas and make sure they
# have enough memory to never hit a real out-of-memory condition before the
# master hits the configured maxmemory setting.
#
# replica-ignore-maxmemory yes
# Redis reclaims expired keys in two ways: upon access when those keys are
# found to be expired, and also in background, in what is called the
# "active expire key". The key space is slowly and interactively scanned
# looking for expired keys to reclaim, so that it is possible to free memory
# of keys that are expired and will never be accessed again in a short time.
#
# The default effort of the expire cycle will try to avoid having more than
# ten percent of expired keys still in memory, and will try to avoid consuming
# more than 25% of total memory and to add latency to the system. However
# it is possible to increase the expire "effort" that is normally set to
# "1", to a greater value, up to the value "10". At its maximum value the
# system will use more CPU, longer cycles (and technically may introduce
# more latency), and will tollerate less already expired keys still present
# in the system. It's a tradeoff betweeen memory, CPU and latecy.
#
# active-expire-effort 1
############################# LAZY FREEING ####################################
# Redis has two primitives to delete keys. One is called DEL and is a blocking
# deletion of the object. It means that the server stops processing new commands
# in order to reclaim all the memory associated with an object in a synchronous
# way. If the key deleted is associated with a small object, the time needed
# in order to execute the DEL command is very small and comparable to most other
# O(1) or O(log_N) commands in Redis. However if the key is associated with an
# aggregated value containing millions of elements, the server can block for
# a long time (even seconds) in order to complete the operation.
#
# For the above reasons Redis also offers non blocking deletion primitives
# such as UNLINK (non blocking DEL) and the ASYNC option of FLUSHALL and
# FLUSHDB commands, in order to reclaim memory in background. Those commands
# are executed in constant time. Another thread will incrementally free the
# object in the background as fast as possible.
#
# DEL, UNLINK and ASYNC option of FLUSHALL and FLUSHDB are user-controlled.
# It's up to the design of the application to understand when it is a good
# idea to use one or the other. However the Redis server sometimes has to
# delete keys or flush the whole database as a side effect of other operations.
# Specifically Redis deletes objects independently of a user call in the
# following scenarios:
#
# 1) On eviction, because of the maxmemory and maxmemory policy configurations,
# in order to make room for new data, without going over the specified
# memory limit.
# 2) Because of expire: when a key with an associated time to live (see the
# EXPIRE command) must be deleted from memory.
# 3) Because of a side effect of a command that stores data on a key that may
# already exist. For example the RENAME command may delete the old key
# content when it is replaced with another one. Similarly SUNIONSTORE
# or SORT with STORE option may delete existing keys. The SET command
# itself removes any old content of the specified key in order to replace
# it with the specified string.
# 4) During replication, when a replica performs a full resynchronization with
# its master, the content of the whole database is removed in order to
# load the RDB file just transferred.
#
# In all the above cases the default is to delete objects in a blocking way,
# like if DEL was called. However you can configure each case specifically
# in order to instead release memory in a non-blocking way like if UNLINK
# was called, using the following configuration directives.
lazyfree-lazy-eviction no
lazyfree-lazy-expire no
lazyfree-lazy-server-del no
replica-lazy-flush no
# It is also possible, for the case when to replace the user code DEL calls
# with UNLINK calls is not easy, to modify the default behavior of the DEL
# command to act exactly like UNLINK, using the following configuration
# directive:
lazyfree-lazy-user-del no
################################ THREADED I/O #################################
# Redis is mostly single threaded, however there are certain threaded
# operations such as UNLINK, slow I/O accesses and other things that are
# performed on side threads.
#
# Now it is also possible to handle Redis clients socket reads and writes
# in different I/O threads. Since especially writing is so slow, normally
# Redis users use pipelining in order to speedup the Redis performances per
# core, and spawn multiple instances in order to scale more. Using I/O
# threads it is possible to easily speedup two times Redis without resorting
# to pipelining nor sharding of the instance.
#
# By default threading is disabled, we suggest enabling it only in machines
# that have at least 4 or more cores, leaving at least one spare core.
# Using more than 8 threads is unlikely to help much. We also recommend using
# threaded I/O only if you actually have performance problems, with Redis
# instances being able to use a quite big percentage of CPU time, otherwise
# there is no point in using this feature.
#
# So for instance if you have a four cores boxes, try to use 2 or 3 I/O
# threads, if you have a 8 cores, try to use 6 threads. In order to
# enable I/O threads use the following configuration directive:
#
# io-threads 4
#
# Setting io-threads to 1 will just use the main thread as usually.
# When I/O threads are enabled, we only use threads for writes, that is
# to thread the write(2) syscall and transfer the client buffers to the
# socket. However it is also possible to enable threading of reads and
# protocol parsing using the following configuration directive, by setting
# it to yes:
#
# io-threads-do-reads no
#
# Usually threading reads doesn't help much.
#
# NOTE 1: This configuration directive cannot be changed at runtime via
# CONFIG SET. Aso this feature currently does not work when SSL is
# enabled.
#
# NOTE 2: If you want to test the Redis speedup using redis-benchmark, make
# sure you also run the benchmark itself in threaded mode, using the
# --threads option to match the number of Redis theads, otherwise you'll not
# be able to notice the improvements.
############################ KERNEL OOM CONTROL ##############################
# On Linux, it is possible to hint the kernel OOM killer on what processes
# should be killed first when out of memory.
#
# Enabling this feature makes Redis actively control the oom_score_adj value
# for all its processes, depending on their role. The default scores will
# attempt to have background child processes killed before all others, and
# replicas killed before masters.
oom-score-adj no
# When oom-score-adj is used, this directive controls the specific values used
# for master, replica and background child processes. Values range -1000 to
# 1000 (higher means more likely to be killed).
#
# Unprivileged processes (not root, and without CAP_SYS_RESOURCE capabilities)
# can freely increase their value, but not decrease it below its initial
# settings.
#
# Values are used relative to the initial value of oom_score_adj when the server
# starts. Because typically the initial value is 0, they will often match the
# absolute values.
oom-score-adj-values 0 200 800
############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is
# good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or
# a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on
# the configured save points).
#
# The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides
# much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy
# (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a
# dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something
# wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is
# still running correctly.
#
# AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems.
# If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file
# with the better durability guarantees.
#
# Please check http://redis.io/topics/persistence for more information.
appendonly no
# The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
# instead of waiting for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
#
# Redis supports three different modes:
#
# no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
# always: fsync after every write to the append only log. Slow, Safest.
# everysec: fsync only one time every second. Compromise.
#
# The default is "everysec", as that's usually the right compromise between
# speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to
# "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
# it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),
# or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than
# everysec.
#
# More details please check the following article:
# http://antirez.com/post/redis-persistence-demystified.html
#
# If unsure, use "everysec".
# appendfsync always
appendfsync everysec
# appendfsync no
# When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec, and a background
# saving process (a background save or AOF log background rewriting) is
# performing a lot of I/O against the disk, in some Linux configurations
# Redis may block too long on the fsync() call. Note that there is no fix for
# this currently, as even performing fsync in a different thread will block
# our synchronous write(2) call.
#
# In order to mitigate this problem it's possible to use the following option
# that will prevent fsync() from being called in the main process while a
# BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress.
#
# This means that while another child is saving, the durability of Redis is
# the same as "appendfsync none". In practical terms, this means that it is
# possible to lose up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario (with the
# default Linux settings).
#
# If you have latency problems turn this to "yes". Otherwise leave it as
# "no" that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability.
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
# Automatic rewrite of the append only file.
# Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling
# BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size grows by the specified percentage.
#
# This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the
# latest rewrite (if no rewrite has happened since the restart, the size of
# the AOF at startup is used).
#
# This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is
# bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also
# you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this
# is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase
# is reached but it is still pretty small.
#
# Specify a percentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF
# rewrite feature.
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
# An AOF file may be found to be truncated at the end during the Redis
# startup process, when the AOF data gets loaded back into memory.
# This may happen when the system where Redis is running
# crashes, especially when an ext4 filesystem is mounted without the
# data=ordered option (however this can't happen when Redis itself
# crashes or aborts but the operating system still works correctly).
#
# Redis can either exit with an error when this happens, or load as much
# data as possible (the default now) and start if the AOF file is found
# to be truncated at the end. The following option controls this behavior.
#
# If aof-load-truncated is set to yes, a truncated AOF file is loaded and
# the Redis server starts emitting a log to inform the user of the event.
# Otherwise if the option is set to no, the server aborts with an error
# and refuses to start. When the option is set to no, the user requires
# to fix the AOF file using the "redis-check-aof" utility before to restart
# the server.
#
# Note that if the AOF file will be found to be corrupted in the middle
# the server will still exit with an error. This option only applies when
# Redis will try to read more data from the AOF file but not enough bytes
# will be found.
aof-load-truncated yes
# When rewriting the AOF file, Redis is able to use an RDB preamble in the
# AOF file for faster rewrites and recoveries. When this option is turned
# on the rewritten AOF file is composed of two different stanzas:
#
# [RDB file][AOF tail]
#
# When loading Redis recognizes that the AOF file starts with the "REDIS"
# string and loads the prefixed RDB file, and continues loading the AOF
# tail.
aof-use-rdb-preamble yes
################################ LUA SCRIPTING ###############################
# Max execution time of a Lua script in milliseconds.
#
# If the maximum execution time is reached Redis will log that a script is
# still in execution after the maximum allowed time and will start to
# reply to queries with an error.
#
# When a long running script exceeds the maximum execution time only the
# SCRIPT KILL and SHUTDOWN NOSAVE commands are available. The first can be
# used to stop a script that did not yet called write commands. The second
# is the only way to shut down the server in the case a write command was
# already issued by the script but the user doesn't want to wait for the natural
# termination of the script.
#
# Set it to 0 or a negative value for unlimited execution without warnings.
lua-time-limit 5000
################################ REDIS CLUSTER ###############################
# Normal Redis instances can't be part of a Redis Cluster; only nodes that are
# started as cluster nodes can. In order to start a Redis instance as a
# cluster node enable the cluster support uncommenting the following:
#
# cluster-enabled yes
# Every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. This file is not
# intended to be edited by hand. It is created and updated by Redis nodes.
# Every Redis Cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file.
# Make sure that instances running in the same system do not have
# overlapping cluster configuration file names.
#
# cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
# Cluster node timeout is the amount of milliseconds a node must be unreachable
# for it to be considered in failure state.
# Most other internal time limits are multiple of the node timeout.
#
# cluster-node-timeout 15000
# A replica of a failing master will avoid to start a failover if its data
# looks too old.
#
# There is no simple way for a replica to actually have an exact measure of
# its "data age", so the following two checks are performed:
#
# 1) If there are multiple replicas able to failover, they exchange messages
# in order to try to give an advantage to the replica with the best
# replication offset (more data from the master processed).
# Replicas will try to get their rank by offset, and apply to the start
# of the failover a delay proportional to their rank.
#
# 2) Every single replica computes the time of the last interaction with
# its master. This can be the last ping or command received (if the master
# is still in the "connected" state), or the time that elapsed since the
# disconnection with the master (if the replication link is currently down).
# If the last interaction is too old, the replica will not try to failover
# at all.
#
# The point "2" can be tuned by user. Specifically a replica will not perform
# the failover if, since the last interaction with the master, the time
# elapsed is greater than:
#
# (node-timeout * replica-validity-factor) + repl-ping-replica-period
#
# So for example if node-timeout is 30 seconds, and the replica-validity-factor
# is 10, and assuming a default repl-ping-replica-period of 10 seconds, the
# replica will not try to failover if it was not able to talk with the master
# for longer than 310 seconds.
#
# A large replica-validity-factor may allow replicas with too old data to failover
# a master, while a too small value may prevent the cluster from being able to
# elect a replica at all.
#
# For maximum availability, it is possible to set the replica-validity-factor
# to a value of 0, which means, that replicas will always try to failover the
# master regardless of the last time they interacted with the master.
# (However they'll always try to apply a delay proportional to their
# offset rank).
#
# Zero is the only value able to guarantee that when all the partitions heal
# the cluster will always be able to continue.
#
# cluster-replica-validity-factor 10
# Cluster replicas are able to migrate to orphaned masters, that are masters
# that are left without working replicas. This improves the cluster ability
# to resist to failures as otherwise an orphaned master can't be failed over
# in case of failure if it has no working replicas.
#
# Replicas migrate to orphaned masters only if there are still at least a
# given number of other working replicas for their old master. This number
# is the "migration barrier". A migration barrier of 1 means that a replica
# will migrate only if there is at least 1 other working replica for its master
# and so forth. It usually reflects the number of replicas you want for every
# master in your cluster.
#
# Default is 1 (replicas migrate only if their masters remain with at least
# one replica). To disable migration just set it to a very large value.
# A value of 0 can be set but is useful only for debugging and dangerous
# in production.
#
# cluster-migration-barrier 1
# By default Redis Cluster nodes stop accepting queries if they detect there
# is at least an hash slot uncovered (no available node is serving it).
# This way if the cluster is partially down (for example a range of hash slots
# are no longer covered) all the cluster becomes, eventually, unavailable.
# It automatically returns available as soon as all the slots are covered again.
#
# However sometimes you want the subset of the cluster which is working,
# to continue to accept queries for the part of the key space that is still
# covered. In order to do so, just set the cluster-require-full-coverage
# option to no.
#
# cluster-require-full-coverage yes
# This option, when set to yes, prevents replicas from trying to failover its
# master during master failures. However the master can still perform a
# manual failover, if forced to do so.
#
# This is useful in different scenarios, especially in the case of multiple
# data center operations, where we want one side to never be promoted if not
# in the case of a total DC failure.
#
# cluster-replica-no-failover no
# This option, when set to yes, allows nodes to serve read traffic while the
# the cluster is in a down state, as long as it believes it owns the slots.
#
# This is useful for two cases. The first case is for when an application
# doesn't require consistency of data during node failures or network partitions.
# One example of this is a cache, where as long as the node has the data it
# should be able to serve it.
#
# The second use case is for configurations that don't meet the recommended
# three shards but want to enable cluster mode and scale later. A
# master outage in a 1 or 2 shard configuration causes a read/write outage to the
# entire cluster without this option set, with it set there is only a write outage.
# Without a quorum of masters, slot ownership will not change automatically.
#
# cluster-allow-reads-when-down no
# In order to setup your cluster make sure to read the documentation
# available at http://redis.io web site.
########################## CLUSTER DOCKER/NAT support ########################
# In certain deployments, Redis Cluster nodes address discovery fails, because
# addresses are NAT-ted or because ports are forwarded (the typical case is
# Docker and other containers).
#
# In order to make Redis Cluster working in such environments, a static
# configuration where each node knows its public address is needed. The
# following two options are used for this scope, and are:
#
# * cluster-announce-ip
# * cluster-announce-port
# * cluster-announce-bus-port
#
# Each instruct the node about its address, client port, and cluster message
# bus port. The information is then published in the header of the bus packets
# so that other nodes will be able to correctly map the address of the node
# publishing the information.
#
# If the above options are not used, the normal Redis Cluster auto-detection
# will be used instead.
#
# Note that when remapped, the bus port may not be at the fixed offset of
# clients port + 10000, so you can specify any port and bus-port depending
# on how they get remapped. If the bus-port is not set, a fixed offset of
# 10000 will be used as usually.
#
# Example:
#
# cluster-announce-ip 10.1.1.5
# cluster-announce-port 6379
# cluster-announce-bus-port 6380
################################## SLOW LOG ###################################
# The Redis Slow Log is a system to log queries that exceeded a specified
# execution time. The execution time does not include the I/O operations
# like talking with the client, sending the reply and so forth,
# but just the time needed to actually execute the command (this is the only
# stage of command execution where the thread is blocked and can not serve
# other requests in the meantime).
#
# You can configure the slow log with two parameters: one tells Redis
# what is the execution time, in microseconds, to exceed in order for the
# command to get logged, and the other parameter is the length of the
# slow log. When a new command is logged the oldest one is removed from the
# queue of logged commands.
# The following time is expressed in microseconds, so 1000000 is equivalent
# to one second. Note that a negative number disables the slow log, while
# a value of zero forces the logging of every command.
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
# There is no limit to this length. Just be aware that it will consume memory.
# You can reclaim memory used by the slow log with SLOWLOG RESET.
slowlog-max-len 128
################################ LATENCY MONITOR ##############################
# The Redis latency monitoring subsystem samples different operations
# at runtime in order to collect data related to possible sources of
# latency of a Redis instance.
#
# Via the LATENCY command this information is available to the user that can
# print graphs and obtain reports.
#
# The system only logs operations that were performed in a time equal or
# greater than the amount of milliseconds specified via the
# latency-monitor-threshold configuration directive. When its value is set
# to zero, the latency monitor is turned off.
#
# By default latency monitoring is disabled since it is mostly not needed
# if you don't have latency issues, and collecting data has a performance
# impact, that while very small, can be measured under big load. Latency
# monitoring can easily be enabled at runtime using the command
# "CONFIG SET latency-monitor-threshold <milliseconds>" if needed.
latency-monitor-threshold 0
############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ##############################
# Redis can notify Pub/Sub clients about events happening in the key space.
# This feature is documented at http://redis.io/topics/notifications
#
# For instance if keyspace events notification is enabled, and a client
# performs a DEL operation on key "foo" stored in the Database 0, two
# messages will be published via Pub/Sub:
#
# PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:foo del
# PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del foo
#
# It is possible to select the events that Redis will notify among a set
# of classes. Every class is identified by a single character:
#
# K Keyspace events, published with __keyspace@<db>__ prefix.
# E Keyevent events, published with __keyevent@<db>__ prefix.
# g Generic commands (non-type specific) like DEL, EXPIRE, RENAME, ...
# $ String commands
# l List commands
# s Set commands
# h Hash commands
# z Sorted set commands
# x Expired events (events generated every time a key expires)
# e Evicted events (events generated when a key is evicted for maxmemory)
# t Stream commands
# m Key-miss events (Note: It is not included in the 'A' class)
# A Alias for g$lshzxet, so that the "AKE" string means all the events
# (Except key-miss events which are excluded from 'A' due to their
# unique nature).
#
# The "notify-keyspace-events" takes as argument a string that is composed
# of zero or multiple characters. The empty string means that notifications
# are disabled.
#
# Example: to enable list and generic events, from the point of view of the
# event name, use:
#
# notify-keyspace-events Elg
#
# Example 2: to get the stream of the expired keys subscribing to channel
# name __keyevent@0__:expired use:
#
# notify-keyspace-events Ex
#
# By default all notifications are disabled because most users don't need
# this feature and the feature has some overhead. Note that if you don't
# specify at least one of K or E, no events will be delivered.
notify-keyspace-events ""
############################### GOPHER SERVER #################################
# Redis contains an implementation of the Gopher protocol, as specified in
# the RFC 1436 (https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1436.txt).
#
# The Gopher protocol was very popular in the late '90s. It is an alternative
# to the web, and the implementation both server and client side is so simple
# that the Redis server has just 100 lines of code in order to implement this
# support.
#
# What do you do with Gopher nowadays? Well Gopher never *really* died, and
# lately there is a movement in order for the Gopher more hierarchical content
# composed of just plain text documents to be resurrected. Some want a simpler
# internet, others believe that the mainstream internet became too much
# controlled, and it's cool to create an alternative space for people that
# want a bit of fresh air.
#
# Anyway for the 10nth birthday of the Redis, we gave it the Gopher protocol
# as a gift.
#
# --- HOW IT WORKS? ---
#
# The Redis Gopher support uses the inline protocol of Redis, and specifically
# two kind of inline requests that were anyway illegal: an empty request
# or any request that starts with "/" (there are no Redis commands starting
# with such a slash). Normal RESP2/RESP3 requests are completely out of the
# path of the Gopher protocol implementation and are served as usually as well.
#
# If you open a connection to Redis when Gopher is enabled and send it
# a string like "/foo", if there is a key named "/foo" it is served via the
# Gopher protocol.
#
# In order to create a real Gopher "hole" (the name of a Gopher site in Gopher
# talking), you likely need a script like the following:
#
# https://github.com/antirez/gopher2redis
#
# --- SECURITY WARNING ---
#
# If you plan to put Redis on the internet in a publicly accessible address
# to server Gopher pages MAKE SURE TO SET A PASSWORD to the instance.
# Once a password is set:
#
# 1. The Gopher server (when enabled, not by default) will still serve
# content via Gopher.
# 2. However other commands cannot be called before the client will
# authenticate.
#
# So use the 'requirepass' option to protect your instance.
#
# To enable Gopher support uncomment the following line and set
# the option from no (the default) to yes.
#
# gopher-enabled no
############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################
# Hashes are encoded using a memory efficient data structure when they have a
# small number of entries, and the biggest entry does not exceed a given
# threshold. These thresholds can be configured using the following directives.
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
# Lists are also encoded in a special way to save a lot of space.
# The number of entries allowed per internal list node can be specified
# as a fixed maximum size or a maximum number of elements.
# For a fixed maximum size, use -5 through -1, meaning:
# -5: max size: 64 Kb <-- not recommended for normal workloads
# -4: max size: 32 Kb <-- not recommended
# -3: max size: 16 Kb <-- probably not recommended
# -2: max size: 8 Kb <-- good
# -1: max size: 4 Kb <-- good
# Positive numbers mean store up to _exactly_ that number of elements
# per list node.
# The highest performing option is usually -2 (8 Kb size) or -1 (4 Kb size),
# but if your use case is unique, adjust the settings as necessary.
list-max-ziplist-size -2
# Lists may also be compressed.
# Compress depth is the number of quicklist ziplist nodes from *each* side of
# the list to *exclude* from compression. The head and tail of the list
# are always uncompressed for fast push/pop operations. Settings are:
# 0: disable all list compression
# 1: depth 1 means "don't start compressing until after 1 node into the list,
# going from either the head or tail"
# So: [head]->node->node->...->node->[tail]
# [head], [tail] will always be uncompressed; inner nodes will compress.
# 2: [head]->[next]->node->node->...->node->[prev]->[tail]
# 2 here means: don't compress head or head->next or tail->prev or tail,
# but compress all nodes between them.
# 3: [head]->[next]->[next]->node->node->...->node->[prev]->[prev]->[tail]
# etc.
list-compress-depth 0
# Sets have a special encoding in just one case: when a set is composed
# of just strings that happen to be integers in radix 10 in the range
# of 64 bit signed integers.
# The following configuration setting sets the limit in the size of the
# set in order to use this special memory saving encoding.
set-max-intset-entries 512
# Similarly to hashes and lists, sorted sets are also specially encoded in
# order to save a lot of space. This encoding is only used when the length and
# elements of a sorted set are below the following limits:
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
# HyperLogLog sparse representation bytes limit. The limit includes the
# 16 bytes header. When an HyperLogLog using the sparse representation crosses
# this limit, it is converted into the dense representation.
#
# A value greater than 16000 is totally useless, since at that point the
# dense representation is more memory efficient.
#
# The suggested value is ~ 3000 in order to have the benefits of
# the space efficient encoding without slowing down too much PFADD,
# which is O(N) with the sparse encoding. The value can be raised to
# ~ 10000 when CPU is not a concern, but space is, and the data set is
# composed of many HyperLogLogs with cardinality in the 0 - 15000 range.
hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
# Streams macro node max size / items. The stream data structure is a radix
# tree of big nodes that encode multiple items inside. Using this configuration
# it is possible to configure how big a single node can be in bytes, and the
# maximum number of items it may contain before switching to a new node when
# appending new stream entries. If any of the following settings are set to
# zero, the limit is ignored, so for instance it is possible to set just a
# max entires limit by setting max-bytes to 0 and max-entries to the desired
# value.
stream-node-max-bytes 4096
stream-node-max-entries 100
# Active rehashing uses 1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds of CPU time in
# order to help rehashing the main Redis hash table (the one mapping top-level
# keys to values). The hash table implementation Redis uses (see dict.c)
# performs a lazy rehashing: the more operation you run into a hash table
# that is rehashing, the more rehashing "steps" are performed, so if the
# server is idle the rehashing is never complete and some more memory is used
# by the hash table.
#
# The default is to use this millisecond 10 times every second in order to
# actively rehash the main dictionaries, freeing memory when possible.
#
# If unsure:
# use "activerehashing no" if you have hard latency requirements and it is
# not a good thing in your environment that Redis can reply from time to time
# to queries with 2 milliseconds delay.
#
# use "activerehashing yes" if you don't have such hard requirements but
# want to free memory asap when possible.
activerehashing yes
# The client output buffer limits can be used to force disconnection of clients
# that are not reading data from the server fast enough for some reason (a
# common reason is that a Pub/Sub client can't consume messages as fast as the
# publisher can produce them).
#
# The limit can be set differently for the three different classes of clients:
#
# normal -> normal clients including MONITOR clients
# replica -> replica clients
# pubsub -> clients subscribed to at least one pubsub channel or pattern
#
# The syntax of every client-output-buffer-limit directive is the following:
#
# client-output-buffer-limit <class> <hard limit> <soft limit> <soft seconds>
#
# A client is immediately disconnected once the hard limit is reached, or if
# the soft limit is reached and remains reached for the specified number of
# seconds (continuously).
# So for instance if the hard limit is 32 megabytes and the soft limit is
# 16 megabytes / 10 seconds, the client will get disconnected immediately
# if the size of the output buffers reach 32 megabytes, but will also get
# disconnected if the client reaches 16 megabytes and continuously overcomes
# the limit for 10 seconds.
#
# By default normal clients are not limited because they don't receive data
# without asking (in a push way), but just after a request, so only
# asynchronous clients may create a scenario where data is requested faster
# than it can read.
#
# Instead there is a default limit for pubsub and replica clients, since
# subscribers and replicas receive data in a push fashion.
#
# Both the hard or the soft limit can be disabled by setting them to zero.
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
# Client query buffers accumulate new commands. They are limited to a fixed
# amount by default in order to avoid that a protocol desynchronization (for
# instance due to a bug in the client) will lead to unbound memory usage in
# the query buffer. However you can configure it here if you have very special
# needs, such us huge multi/exec requests or alike.
#
# client-query-buffer-limit 1gb
# In the Redis protocol, bulk requests, that are, elements representing single
# strings, are normally limited ot 512 mb. However you can change this limit
# here, but must be 1mb or greater
#
# proto-max-bulk-len 512mb
# Redis calls an internal function to perform many background tasks, like
# closing connections of clients in timeout, purging expired keys that are
# never requested, and so forth.
#
# Not all tasks are performed with the same frequency, but Redis checks for
# tasks to perform according to the specified "hz" value.
#
# By default "hz" is set to 10. Raising the value will use more CPU when
# Redis is idle, but at the same time will make Redis more responsive when
# there are many keys expiring at the same time, and timeouts may be
# handled with more precision.
#
# The range is between 1 and 500, however a value over 100 is usually not
# a good idea. Most users should use the default of 10 and raise this up to
# 100 only in environments where very low latency is required.
hz 10
# Normally it is useful to have an HZ value which is proportional to the
# number of clients connected. This is useful in order, for instance, to
# avoid too many clients are processed for each background task invocation
# in order to avoid latency spikes.
#
# Since the default HZ value by default is conservatively set to 10, Redis
# offers, and enables by default, the ability to use an adaptive HZ value
# which will temporary raise when there are many connected clients.
#
# When dynamic HZ is enabled, the actual configured HZ will be used
# as a baseline, but multiples of the configured HZ value will be actually
# used as needed once more clients are connected. In this way an idle
# instance will use very little CPU time while a busy instance will be
# more responsive.
dynamic-hz yes
# When a child rewrites the AOF file, if the following option is enabled
# the file will be fsync-ed every 32 MB of data generated. This is useful
# in order to commit the file to the disk more incrementally and avoid
# big latency spikes.
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
# When redis saves RDB file, if the following option is enabled
# the file will be fsync-ed every 32 MB of data generated. This is useful
# in order to commit the file to the disk more incrementally and avoid
# big latency spikes.
rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes
# Redis LFU eviction (see maxmemory setting) can be tuned. However it is a good
# idea to start with the default settings and only change them after investigating
# how to improve the performances and how the keys LFU change over time, which
# is possible to inspect via the OBJECT FREQ command.
#
# There are two tunable parameters in the Redis LFU implementation: the
# counter logarithm factor and the counter decay time. It is important to
# understand what the two parameters mean before changing them.
#
# The LFU counter is just 8 bits per key, it's maximum value is 255, so Redis
# uses a probabilistic increment with logarithmic behavior. Given the value
# of the old counter, when a key is accessed, the counter is incremented in
# this way:
#
# 1. A random number R between 0 and 1 is extracted.
# 2. A probability P is calculated as 1/(old_value*lfu_log_factor+1).
# 3. The counter is incremented only if R < P.
#
# The default lfu-log-factor is 10. This is a table of how the frequency
# counter changes with a different number of accesses with different
# logarithmic factors:
#
# +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
# | factor | 100 hits | 1000 hits | 100K hits | 1M hits | 10M hits |
# +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
# | 0 | 104 | 255 | 255 | 255 | 255 |
# +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
# | 1 | 18 | 49 | 255 | 255 | 255 |
# +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
# | 10 | 10 | 18 | 142 | 255 | 255 |
# +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
# | 100 | 8 | 11 | 49 | 143 | 255 |
# +--------+------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
#
# NOTE: The above table was obtained by running the following commands:
#
# redis-benchmark -n 1000000 incr foo
# redis-cli object freq foo
#
# NOTE 2: The counter initial value is 5 in order to give new objects a chance
# to accumulate hits.
#
# The counter decay time is the time, in minutes, that must elapse in order
# for the key counter to be divided by two (or decremented if it has a value
# less <= 10).
#
# The default value for the lfu-decay-time is 1. A Special value of 0 means to
# decay the counter every time it happens to be scanned.
#
# lfu-log-factor 10
# lfu-decay-time 1
########################### ACTIVE DEFRAGMENTATION #######################
#
# What is active defragmentation?
# -------------------------------
#
# Active (online) defragmentation allows a Redis server to compact the
# spaces left between small allocations and deallocations of data in memory,
# thus allowing to reclaim back memory.
#
# Fragmentation is a natural process that happens with every allocator (but
# less so with Jemalloc, fortunately) and certain workloads. Normally a server
# restart is needed in order to lower the fragmentation, or at least to flush
# away all the data and create it again. However thanks to this feature
# implemented by Oran Agra for Redis 4.0 this process can happen at runtime
# in an "hot" way, while the server is running.
#
# Basically when the fragmentation is over a certain level (see the
# configuration options below) Redis will start to create new copies of the
# values in contiguous memory regions by exploiting certain specific Jemalloc
# features (in order to understand if an allocation is causing fragmentation
# and to allocate it in a better place), and at the same time, will release the
# old copies of the data. This process, repeated incrementally for all the keys
# will cause the fragmentation to drop back to normal values.
#
# Important things to understand:
#
# 1. This feature is disabled by default, and only works if you compiled Redis
# to use the copy of Jemalloc we ship with the source code of Redis.
# This is the default with Linux builds.
#
# 2. You never need to enable this feature if you don't have fragmentation
# issues.
#
# 3. Once you experience fragmentation, you can enable this feature when
# needed with the command "CONFIG SET activedefrag yes".
#
# The configuration parameters are able to fine tune the behavior of the
# defragmentation process. If you are not sure about what they mean it is
# a good idea to leave the defaults untouched.
# Enabled active defragmentation
# activedefrag no
# Minimum amount of fragmentation waste to start active defrag
# active-defrag-ignore-bytes 100mb
# Minimum percentage of fragmentation to start active defrag
# active-defrag-threshold-lower 10
# Maximum percentage of fragmentation at which we use maximum effort
# active-defrag-threshold-upper 100
# Minimal effort for defrag in CPU percentage, to be used when the lower
# threshold is reached
# active-defrag-cycle-min 1
# Maximal effort for defrag in CPU percentage, to be used when the upper
# threshold is reached
# active-defrag-cycle-max 25
# Maximum number of set/hash/zset/list fields that will be processed from
# the main dictionary scan
# active-defrag-max-scan-fields 1000
# Jemalloc background thread for purging will be enabled by default
jemalloc-bg-thread yes
# It is possible to pin different threads and processes of Redis to specific
# CPUs in your system, in order to maximize the performances of the server.
# This is useful both in order to pin different Redis threads in different
# CPUs, but also in order to make sure that multiple Redis instances running
# in the same host will be pinned to different CPUs.
#
# Normally you can do this using the "taskset" command, however it is also
# possible to this via Redis configuration directly, both in Linux and FreeBSD.
#
# You can pin the server/IO threads, bio threads, aof rewrite child process, and
# the bgsave child process. The syntax to specify the cpu list is the same as
# the taskset command:
#
# Set redis server/io threads to cpu affinity 0,2,4,6:
# server_cpulist 0-7:2
#
# Set bio threads to cpu affinity 1,3:
# bio_cpulist 1,3
#
# Set aof rewrite child process to cpu affinity 8,9,10,11:
# aof_rewrite_cpulist 8-11
#
# Set bgsave child process to cpu affinity 1,10,11
# bgsave_cpulist 1,10-11
2.5 /app/redis目录下修改redis.conf文件
在/app/redis目录下修改redis.conf文件
- 开启redis验证
requirepass XXX
- 允许redis外地连接必须
注释掉 # bind 127.0.0.1
- daemonize no
将daemonize yes注释起来或者daemonize no设置，因为该配置和docker run中-d参数冲突，会导致容器一启动就失败
- 开启redis数据持久化，appendonly yes 可选
2.6 使用redis6.0.8镜像创建容器（也叫运行镜像）
[root@localhost chenkai]# docker run -p 6379:6379 --name myr3 --privileged=true -v /app/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf -v /app/redis/data:/data -d redis:6.0.8 redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
docker run -p 6379:6379 --name myr3 --privileged=true
-v /app/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf
-v /app/redis/data:/data
-d redis:6.0.8
redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
解析：
相比于mysql的启动方式/bin/bash，这里的启动方式调整为使用配置文件启动方式。
启动完成之后，需要查看一下是否真的已经启动了docker
[root@192 redis]# docker ps
执行redis的相关操作
[root@192 redis]# docker exec -it myr3 /bin/bash
root@ad7d9b863b8d:/data# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> auth 'XXX'
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set k1 v1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG
可以看到我们需要通过输入密码的方式才能真正进入到docker中，从而说明我们已经加载了我们的配置文件信息。
3. 安装nginx
参考教程：
Docker 安装 Nginx 容器 (完整详细版)_docker nginx_Touch&的博客-CSDN博客
3.1 寻找Nginx镜像
https://hub.docker.com/search?q=nginx
3.2 安装Nginx镜像
[root@192 /]# docker pull nginx
[root@192 /]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 605c77e624dd 19 months ago 141MB
3.3 创建nginx配置文件
启动前需要先创建 Nginx外部挂载的配置文件（/home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf）
之所以要先创建，是因为Nginx本身容器只存在/etc/nginx目录，本身就不创建nginx.conf文件。
当服务器和容器都不存在nginx.conf文件时，执行启动命令的时候docker会将nginx.conf作为目录创建，这并不是我们想要的结果。
- 创建挂载目录
[root@192 /]# mkdir -p /home/nginx/conf
[root@192 /]# mkdir -p /home/nginx/log
[root@192 /]# mkdir -p /home/nginx/html
- 容器中的nginx.conf文件和conf.d文件夹复制到宿主机
# 生成容器
[root@192 /]# docker run --name=nginx -p 9001:80 -d nginx
ef28d1417f32dbda2fba9ae39af01de09f6da8a0127c0aa3b2d40e7a3bd892e1
# 查看nginx是否真的启动成功
[root@192 /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ef28d1417f32 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:9001->80/tcp, :::9001->80/tcp nginx
# 将容器nginx.conf文件复制到宿主机
[root@192 /]# docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
Successfully copied 2.56kB to /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# 将容器conf.d文件夹下内容复制到宿主机
[root@192 /]# docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d /home/nginx/conf/conf.d
Successfully copied 3.58kB to /home/nginx/conf/conf.d
# 将容器中的html文件夹复制到宿主机
[root@192 /]# docker cp nginx:/usr/share/nginx/html /home/nginx/
Successfully copied 4.1kB to /home/nginx/
[root@localhost /]# cd /home/nginx
[root@192 nginx]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 38 8月 5 00:04 conf
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 40 12月 30 2021 html
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 5 00:00 log
[root@192 nginx]# cd conf
[root@192 conf]# ll
总用量 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 26 8月 5 00:01 conf.d
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 648 12月 28 2021 nginx.conf
[root@192 conf]# cd conf.d/
[root@192 conf.d]# ll
总用量 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1093 8月 5 00:01 default.conf
3.4 创建nginx容器并运行
删除nginx容器
[root@192 conf.d]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ef28d1417f32 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 0.0.0.0:9001->80/tcp, :::9001->80/tcp nginx
[root@192 conf.d]# docker rm -f ef28d1417f32
ef28d1417f32
运行nginx容器
docker run \
-p 9002:80 \
--name nginx \
-v /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v /home/nginx/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
-v /home/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx \
-v /home/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \
-d nginx:latest
-p 9002:80 将容器中的80端口映射到宿主机的9002端口上。
可以在虚拟机外面的windows下打开nginx，首先查看当前的ip
[root@192 conf.d]# ip addr
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:f9:6c:c6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.121.134/24 brd 192.168.121.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens33
valid_lft 1396sec preferred_lft 1396sec
inet6 fe80::647a:73d7:60:df73/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Linux的主机ip为192.168.121.134，使用9002端口
修改内容进行演示
[root@192 html]# pwd
/home/nginx/html
[root@192 html]# ls
50x.html index.html
[root@192 html]# vim index.html
重启nginx容器
[root@192 html]# docker restart nginx
可以看到成功修改了相关的标题信息。
3.5 运行前端
删除nginx容器
[root@192 conf.d]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ef28d1417f32 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 0.0.0.0:9001->80/tcp, :::9001->80/tcp nginx
[root@192 conf.d]# docker rm -f ef28d1417f32
ef28d1417f32
-
添加前端
dist文件需要将前端文件添加到虚拟机中，直接拖拽进虚拟机会存在一定的问题，因此我们使用Xftp软件进行添加，进入Xftp软件后，点击新建，输入虚拟机ip地址，点击“连接”
输入用户名：root，点击确定
输入密码
从而可以看到我们已经连接到了虚拟机中的文件
接着将前端dist文件拖拽至/home/nginx/html文件夹下即可
-
修改配置文件
需要让我们的nginx能够识别到dist中的文件，由于我们实现了文件共享，因此我们进入宿主机中，进入/home/nginx/conf/conf.d，打开default.conf
[root@192 chenkai]# cd /home/nginx/conf/conf.d/ [root@192 conf.d]# vim default.conf添加如下内容
server { listen 9528; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/html/dist/; index index.html index.htm; } location /prod-api/ { proxy_pass http://121.37.142.124:8080; proxy_set_header Host $host; } }其中/usr/share/nginx/html/dist/为docker中dist文件所在位置信息，映射到9528这个接口
-
运行
nginx容器为了 保存我们的修改内容，我们重新依据nginx镜像生成新的nginx镜像
[root@192 network-scripts]# docker commit -m="dist add ok" -a="chenkai" 397e92effa15 chenkai/nginx:1.0 [root@192 network-scripts]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE chenkai/nginx 1.0 2904cddf81aa 10 seconds ago 196MB可以看到我们新建了一个chenkai/nginx的镜像，接着我们启动我们新创建的nginx镜像
# 删除nginx容器 [root@192 network-scripts]# docker rm -f nginx # 新创建nginx容器 docker run \ -p 9002:9528 \ --name nginx \ -v /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ -v /home/nginx/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \ -v /home/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx \ -v /home/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \ -d chenkai/nginx:1.0-p 9002:9528 将容器中的9528端口映射到宿主机的9002端口上。
接着进入nginx，查看我们的相关文件是否创建成功。
[root@192 network-scripts]# docker exec -it nginx /bin/bash root@14492f60f6eb:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/ root@14492f60f6eb:/usr/share/nginx/html# ls 50x.html dist index.html可以看到确实同步了dist文件，因此接下来就需要查看前端效果，如下所示，打开
192.168.121.135:9002，结果如下图所示如果仍然在nginx welcome界面，可能是因为没有删除网页缓存，按ctrl+shift+delete，然后删除缓存
重新刷新
192.168.121.135:9002，即可进入到前端哇网页
4. 安装python
需要在docker中配置python环境
4.1 拉取python3.8.0镜像
[root@192 network-scripts]# docker pull python:3.8.0
4.2 安装python相关依赖包
-
新建配置文件
将python所需要的依赖文件放置于/home/python/文件夹下
# 创建python环境文件夹 [root@192 network-scripts]# mkdir -p /home/python # 进入到python文件夹下 [root@192 network-scripts]# cd /home/python接着将后端项目代码文件通过xft放到python文件夹下
requirements.txt文件内容如下所示
django==3.2 django-cors-headers djangorestframework==3.14.0 numpy==1.24.2 requests==2.28.2 PyMySQL==1.0.3 psutil==5.9.5 networkx matplotlib channels==4.0.0 daphne websocket-client==0.57.0 pyyaml ruamel.yaml==0.17.21 django-redis -
创建网络
由于不同镜像之间需要进行相互之间的连接，例如python需要连接redis和mysql，以及前端nginx需要连接后端都需要在同一网络下，因此需要将四者置于同一网络环境下
[root@192 python]# docker network create -d bridge simulate [root@192 python]# docker network ls NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE 0fe8a4ae6c0b bridge bridge local 995e942aac6b host host local 496b60c2025e none null local 200ff510aed9 simulate bridge local -
创建
python容器# 创建python容器 [root@localhost chenkai]# docker run \ --name=python \ -v /home/python:/usr/share/python \ --network=simulate \ -itd \ python:3.8.0 # 进入python容器 [root@localhost chenkai]# docker exec -it python /bin/bash进入项目文件夹，安装相关配置文件
# 进入到后端项目文件夹下 root@53b31b2fe3c3:/# cd /usr/share/python/fight/ # 查看项目文件夹文件信息 root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight# ls common opVisualService requirements.txt # 部署配置环境 root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight# pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ -
创建
redis容器启动redis容器
[root@localhost chenkai]# docker run \ -p 6379:6379 \ --name=redis \ --privileged=true \ --network=simulate \ -v /app/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf \ -v /app/redis/data:/data \ -itd \ redis:6.0.8 \ redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf进入容器检查redis是否开启
[root@192 chenkai]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 59ab56d0cfb0 redis:6.0.8 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, :::6379->6379/tcp redis -
确认
python和redis之间是否在同一网络下进入python容器，查看一下是否能够ping的通redis
root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight# ping redis PING redis (172.18.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from redis.simulate (172.18.0.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms 64 bytes from redis.simulate (172.18.0.3): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.158 ms 64 bytes from redis.simulate (172.18.0.3): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.167 msping的通，说明两者处于同一网络下
-
创建
mysql容器启动mysql容器
docker run \ -p 3306:3306 \ --privileged=true \ --network=simulate \ -v /chenkai/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql \ -v /chenkai/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \ -v /chenkai/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \ -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=XXX \ --name=mysql \ -d \ mysql:5.7进入容器中，查看数据库信息
[root@192 chenkai]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash root@fd7636d13c83:/# mysql -uroot -p Enter password:XXX mysql> show variables like 'character%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)显示utf8，说明数据库配置成功。
接下来创建后端所需要的数据库信息。
mysql> create database visual_service; mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | db01 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | | visual_service | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)数据库创建成功
-
确认
python和mysql之间是否在同一网络下进入python容器，查看一下是否能够ping的通mysql
root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight# ping mysql PING mysql (172.18.0.4) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from mysql.simulate (172.18.0.4): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms 64 bytes from mysql.simulate (172.18.0.4): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.079 msping的通，可以看到mysql的网络为172.18.0.4。
-
创建
nginx容器启动nginx容器
docker run \ -p 9002:9528 \ --name nginx \ --network=simulate \ -v /home/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ -v /home/nginx/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \ -v /home/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx \ -v /home/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \ -d nginx:latest查看python容器的ip地址
# 查看容器信息 [root@192 chenkai]# docker inspect python结果如下所示，我们只关注网络部分的内容
"NetworkSettings": { "Networks": { "simulate": { "Gateway": "172.18.0.1", "IPAddress": "172.18.0.2", } } }可以看到python的ip地址为172.18.0.2。接着需要修改前端的配置文件，需要读取后端地址。
# 进入前端配置文件夹 [root@192 chenkai]# cd /home/nginx/html/dist/ # 查看文件夹中文件信息 [root@192 dist]# ls Cesium favicon.ico img index.html.gz robots.txt config.js html index.html models static # 编辑前端配置文件 [root@192 dist]# vim config.js将原来的ip地址修改为后端的地址，如下所示
window.g = { UrlB:'http://172.18.0.2:2020/', // UrlC:'ws://172.18.0.2:2024/chat/room1/', //websocket }进入nginx，查看配置信息是否配置完成。
# 进入nginx终端 [root@192 dist]# docker exec -it nginx /bin/bash # 进入docker中的前端项目文件 root@c033b686e6d6:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/dist/ # 更新软件源（如果没有vim，需要进行下载） root@c033b686e6d6:/usr/share/nginx/html/dist# apt-get update # 下载vim（如果没有vim，需要进行下载） root@c033b686e6d6:/usr/share/nginx/html/dist# apt-get install vim # 查看配置文件内容 root@c033b686e6d6:/usr/share/nginx/html/dist# vim config.js如下图所示，可以看到确实实现了文件的同步，两者之间的内容保持了一致
-
确认
python和nginx之间是否在同一网络下进入python容器，查看一下是否能够ping的通nginx
root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight/opVisualService# ping nginx PING nginx (172.18.0.5) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from nginx.simulate (172.18.0.5): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.178 ms 64 bytes from nginx.simulate (172.18.0.5): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.162 ms 64 bytes from nginx.simulate (172.18.0.5): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.157 msping的通，可以看到nginx的网络为172.168.0.5，从之前的顺序也可以看到每启动一项，就会新建一个ip地址，并且末尾数字自增1。
-
修改
python后端文件python需要和redis和mysql进行连接，其中
redis的IP地址为172.18.0.3，密码：XXX
mysql的IP地址为172.18.0.4，密码：XXX
# 更新软件源（如果没有vim，需要进行下载） root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight/common/conf# apt-get update # 下载vim（如果没有vim，需要进行下载） root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight/common/conf# apt-get install vim # 修改common/conf/conf_env.py文件 root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight/common/conf# vim conf_env.py修改如下两处内容
修改opVisualService文件中的settings.py中的redis地址
root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight/opVisualService/opVisualService# vim settings.py -
创建
python数据表root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight/opVisualService# python manage.py makemigrations root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight/opVisualService# python manage.py migrate接着进入数据库查看是否已经成功创建
mysql> use visual_service; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> show tables; +----------------------------+ | Tables_in_visual_service | +----------------------------+ | algorithm_dir | | algorithm_info | | auth_group | | auth_group_permissions | | auth_permission | | auth_user | | auth_user_groups | | auth_user_user_permissions | | chat_info | | dag_dir | +----------------------------+ 25 rows in set (0.00 sec)初始化项目所需数据库文件，
原来的initialize_database.py是直接在pycharm进行执行，因此不会出现找不到common文件的问题，但是如果采用命令行的操作，就会产生一定的问题，因此需要进行一定的调整，在initialize_database.py的开头添加如下代码：
import os import sys BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))) sys.path.append(BASE_DIR)将common的环境添加到环境变量中，接着执行/home/python/fight/common/sql/initialize_database.py
root@53b31b2fe3c3:/usr/share/python/fight# python /usr/share/python/fight/common/sql/initialize_database.py查询数据库中是否已经创建了数据表内容
mysql> select * from object_camp_info; +----+--------------------------------------+-----------+------------+----------+---------------+----------------------------+----------+ | id | camp_id | camp_name | camp_ename | camp_des | camp_children | start_time | end_time | +----+--------------------------------------+-----------+------------+----------+---------------+----------------------------+----------+ | 1 | 4dc4dcfb-27e3-4043-8db2-9cae791fe73e | 红方 | red | 红方 | NULL | 2023-08-06 16:57:28.000000 | NULL | | 2 | 6ad2a55a-dfed-49d8-80e7-8634a4c9c11c | 蓝方 | blue | 蓝方 | NULL | 2023-08-06 16:57:28.000000 | NULL | +----+--------------------------------------+-----------+------------+----------+---------------+----------------------------+----------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)可以看到已经完全创建了相应的信息。
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启动后端程序
进入python容器中，启动后端程序
(simulate) chenkai@master:~/桌面/fight/opVisualService$ python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:2023 (simulate) chenkai@master:~/桌面/fight/opVisualService$ daphne -b 127.0.0.1 -p 2024 opVisualService.asgi:application
