1、引入jar包

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.belerweb</groupId>
            <artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.1</version>
        </dependency>

2、工具类

public class SortUtil {

    private static HanyuPinyinOutputFormat pinyinOutputFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();

    //根据省份首字母排序
    public static void getSortLetter(String[] oriArray) {
        Arrays.sort(oriArray, new Comparator<String>() {
            HanyuPinyinOutputFormat pinyinOutputFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
            @Override
            public int compare(String oriArray1, String oriArray2) {
                try {
                    oriArray1 = PinyinHelper.toHanYuPinyinString(oriArray1, pinyinOutputFormat, " ", true);
                    oriArray2 = PinyinHelper.toHanYuPinyinString(oriArray2, pinyinOutputFormat, " ", true);

                } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination badHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination) {
                    badHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination.printStackTrace();
                }
                return oriArray1.compareTo(oriArray2);
            }
        });
  }

        /**
         * 根据指定字段对 List 集合进行排序。
         *
         * @param list 需要排序的 List 集合
         * @param sortField 排序字段
         */
        public static <T> List<T> sortByField(List<T> list, String sortField) {
            Comparator<T> comparator = (o1, o2) -> {
                String value1 = getValueByField(o1, sortField);
                String value2 = getValueByField(o2, sortField);

                try {
                    value1 = PinyinHelper.toHanYuPinyinString(value1, pinyinOutputFormat, " ", true);
                    value2 = PinyinHelper.toHanYuPinyinString(value2, pinyinOutputFormat, " ", true);
                } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination badHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination) {
                    badHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination.printStackTrace();
                }
                return value1.compareTo(value2);
            };

            Collections.sort(list, comparator);
            return list;
        }



        /**
         * 根据字段名称获取对象的属性值。
         *
         * @param object 对象
         * @param fieldName 字段名称
         * @return 字段值
         */
        private static <T> String getValueByField(T object, String fieldName) {
            try {
                // 假设字段名称是以 "get" 开头的方法
                String methodName = "get" + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fieldName.substring(1);
                Class<?> clazz = object.getClass();
                Method method = clazz.getMethod(methodName);
                Object value = method.invoke(object);
                return value.toString();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return "";
            }
        }

3、测试demo

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;

@Data
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Province{
       private String id;
       private String name;
       private LocalDateTime createTime;

}

  /**
     * 主要看重庆市的省份首字母排序---是按照chong，还是zhong来排序
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Province> provinceList = new ArrayList<>();

        provinceList.add(new Province("1","北京市", LocalDateTime.now()));
        provinceList.add(new Province("3","上海市", LocalDateTime.now()));
        provinceList.add(new Province("4","河北省", LocalDateTime.now()));
        provinceList.add(new Province("6","宁夏回族自治区", LocalDateTime.now()));
        provinceList.add(new Province("5","广西省", LocalDateTime.now()));
        provinceList.add(new Province("9","黑龙江省", LocalDateTime.now()));
        provinceList.add(new Province("2","重庆市", LocalDateTime.now()));
        provinceList.add(new Province("8","江西省", LocalDateTime.now()));
        /**
         * provinceList:需要排序的集合
         * name:要根据哪个字段来排序
         */
        List<Province> list = sortByField(provinceList, "name");
        list.forEach(System.out::println);
    }

返回结果如下