一、安装前的准备

1、版本信息

操作系统	CentOS 7.9.2009
PostgreSQL 版本	PostgreSQL 15-15.7

2、下载安装包

RPM Chart - PostgreSQL YUM Repositoryhttps://yum.postgresql.org/rpmchart/进入官网，找到相应版本

点击框选内容

依次进入下载页面，下载相应版本安装包

二、安装

1、上传安装包到服务器/opt/目录下

2、安装

rpm -ivh postgresql15-libs-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh postgresql15-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh postgresql15-server-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm

3、修改配置

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-15.service
# 修改存储目录
Environment=PGDATA=/opt/postgres/data/

4、创建目录并修改权限

mkdir -p /opt/postgres/data
chown -R postgres: postgres
chmod 700 data/

5、初始化数据库

/usr/pgsql-15/bin/postgresql-15-setup initdb
Initializing database ... OK

6、启动服务并设置开机自启

[root@localhost postgres]# systemctl start postgresql-15.service 
[root@localhost postgres]# systemctl status postgresql-15.service 
● postgresql-15.service - PostgreSQL 15 database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-15.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2024-08-02 04:59:05 EDT; 7s ago
     Docs: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/15/static/
  Process: 48801 ExecStartPre=/usr/pgsql-15/bin/postgresql-15-check-db-dir ${PGDATA} (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 48806 (postmaster)
   CGroup: /system.slice/postgresql-15.service
           ├─48806 /usr/pgsql-15/bin/postmaster -D /opt/postgres/data/
           ├─48808 postgres: logger 
           ├─48809 postgres: checkpointer 
           ├─48810 postgres: background writer 
           ├─48812 postgres: walwriter 
           ├─48813 postgres: autovacuum launcher 
           └─48814 postgres: logical replication launcher 

Aug 02 04:59:05 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL 15 database server...
Aug 02 04:59:05 localhost.localdomain postmaster[48806]: 2024-08-02 04:59:05.058 EDT [48806] LOG:  redirecting log output to logging collector process
Aug 02 04:59:05 localhost.localdomain postmaster[48806]: 2024-08-02 04:59:05.058 EDT [48806] HINT:  Future log output will appear in directory "log".
Aug 02 04:59:05 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started PostgreSQL 15 database server.
[root@localhost postgres]# 
[root@localhost postgres]# 
[root@localhost postgres]# systemctl enable postgresql-15.service g
Failed to execute operation: No such file or directory
[root@localhost postgres]# systemctl enable postgresql-15.service 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql-15.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-15.service.

7、修改管理员密码

[root@localhost postgres]# su - postgres 
-bash-4.2$ psql 
psql (15.7)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# alter user postgres with password 'postgres';
ALTER ROLE

8、设置允许远程登陆

vi /opt/postgres/data/postgresql.conf
# 修改下面行
listen_addresses = '*'

vi /opt/postgres/data/pg_hba.conf
# 在最后添加下面行
host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5

# 重启服务，进行远程连接测试

三、错误

[root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh postgresql15-server-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: postgresql15-server-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 73e3b907: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
        libicui18n.so.50()(64bit) is needed by postgresql15-server-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
        libicuuc.so.50()(64bit) is needed by postgresql15-server-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
        libzstd.so.1()(64bit) is needed by postgresql15-server-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64
        postgresql15(x86-64) = 15.7-1PGDG.rhel7 is needed by postgresql15-server-15.7-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64

rpm -ivh libicu-50.2-4.el7_7.x86_64.rpm
yum -y install libzstd.x86_64