依赖注入
依赖注入方式
setter注入——引用类型
setter注入——简单类型
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
public void setDatabaseName(String databaseName) {
this.databaseName = databaseName;
}
public void setNum(int num) {
this.num = num;
}
private String databaseName;
private int num;
public void save() {
System.out.println("book dao save ..." + databaseName + "," + num);
}
}
为databaseName
和num
两个属性提供可访问的set
方法,然后在applicationContext.xml
里进行配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="bookDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl">
<property name="databaseName" value="mysql"/>
<property name="num" value="100"/>
</bean>
</beans>
运行时会自动把设置好的值注入进去
构造器注入——引用类型
BookServiceImpl.java
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
public BookServiceImpl(BookDao bookDao) {
this.bookDao = bookDao;
}
private BookDao bookDao;
public void save() {
System.out.println("book service save ...");
bookDao.save();
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="bookDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl" />
<bean id="bookService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
<constructor-arg name="bookDao" ref="bookDao" />
</bean>
</beans>
构造器注入——简单类型
BookDaoImpl.java
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
public BookDaoImpl(String databaseName, int num) {
this.databaseName = databaseName;
this.num = num;
}
private String databaseName;
private int num;
public void save() {
System.out.println("book dao save ..." + databaseName + "," + num);
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="bookDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl">
<constructor-arg name="databaseName" value="mysql"/>
<constructor-arg name="num" value="100"/>
</bean>
<bean id="bookService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.BookServiceImpl">
<constructor-arg name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
自动装配
按类型
BookServiceImpl
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
private BookDao bookDao;
public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
this.bookDao = bookDao;
}
public void save() {
System.out.println("book service save ...");
bookDao.save();
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl"/>
<!--autowire属性:开启自动装配,通常使用按类型装配-->
<bean id="bookService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.BookServiceImpl" autowire="byType"/>
</beans>
使用这种方式:
1、必须提供对应的set
方法
2、必须有要装配类的对应的bean
配置
<bean class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl"/>
3、按类型装配时,对应的bean
需要是唯一的
按名称
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="bookDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl"/>
<bean id="bookService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.BookServiceImpl" autowire="byName"/>
</beans>
注意点
集合注入
BookDaoImpl
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {
private int[] array;
private List<String> list;
private Set<String> set;
private Map<String,String> map;
private Properties properties;
public void setArray(int[] array) {
this.array = array;
}
public void setList(List<String> list) {
this.list = list;
}
public void setSet(Set<String> set) {
this.set = set;
}
public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
this.map = map;
}
public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
this.properties = properties;
}
public void save() {
System.out.println("book dao save ...");
System.out.println("遍历数组:" + Arrays.toString(array));
System.out.println("遍历List" + list);
System.out.println("遍历Set" + set);
System.out.println("遍历Map" + map);
System.out.println("遍历Properties" + properties);
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="bookDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.BookDaoImpl">
<!--数组注入-->
<property name="array">
<array>
<value>100</value>
<value>200</value>
<value>300</value>
</array>
</property>
<!--list集合注入-->
<property name="list">
<list>
<value>itcast</value>
<value>itheima</value>
<value>boxuegu</value>
<value>chuanzhihui</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--set集合注入-->
<property name="set">
<set>
<value>itcast</value>
<value>itheima</value>
<value>boxuegu</value>
<value>boxuegu</value>
</set>
</property>
<!--map集合注入-->
<property name="map">
<map>
<entry key="country" value="china"/>
<entry key="province" value="henan"/>
<entry key="city" value="kaifeng"/>
</map>
</property>
<!--Properties注入-->
<property name="properties">
<props>
<prop key="country">china</prop>
<prop key="province">henan</prop>
<prop key="city">kaifeng</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
名称要一一对应
加载properties文件
jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/spring_db
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
<!-- 1.开启context命名空间-->
<!-- 2.使用context空间加载properties文件-->
<!--classpath*:*.properties : 设置加载当前工程类路径和当前工程所依赖的所有jar包中的所有properties文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:*.properties" system-properties-mode="NEVER"/>
<!-- 3.使用属性占位符${}读取properties文件中的属性-->
<!-- 说明:idea自动识别${}加载的属性值,需要手工点击才可以查阅原始书写格式-->
<bean class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
</beans>
加载properties文件