在Clion使用CubeMX Stm32的步骤

Step1 准备软件，安装环境：
1. cubemx v6.5.0（可以兼容以前版本的project）

https://www.st.com.cn/zh/development-tools/stm32cubemx.html

STM32CubeMX 默认安装目录, 6.5版本可以兼容老版本
C:\Program Files\STMicroelectronics\STM32Cube\STM32CubeMX
打开后选择help => 更新Firmware
里面的updater settings
reflash data
manage imbeded software packages 保留最新的一个

2. openocd
openocd-20231002.7z
https://gnutoolchains.com/arm-eabi/openocd/

解压缩到 D:\service\stm32\OpenOCD-20231002-0.12.0

3. arm-none-eabi
gcc-arm-none-eabi-5_4-2016q3-20160926-win32.zip
https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded/+download

解压缩到 D:\service\stm32\gcc-arm-none-eabi-5_4-2016q3-20160926-win32

4. Mingx64
ref: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_52559040/article/details/131603782

x86_64-13.2.0-release-posix-seh-ucrt-rt_v11-rev0.7z
https://github.com/niXman/mingw-builds-binaries/releases

- posix：这些压缩包适用于符合POSIX标准的操作系统，如Linux、UNIX等。
（我由于Linux和Windows经常切着用，所以选择posix，如果你只用Windows开发，那么选win32即可）

解压缩到 D:\service\stm32\mingw64

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Step2 环境变量：
我的电脑 => 关于 => 高级系统设置 =>环境变量
ARM_NONE_EABI_HOME D:\service\stm32\arm-gnu-toolchain-13.2.Rel1-mingw-w64-i686-arm-none-eabi\arm-none-eabi
OpenOCD_HOME D:\service\stm32\OpenOCD-20231002-0.12.0
MINGW64_HOME D:\service\stm32\mingw64

path add the following:
%ARM_NONE_EABI_HOME%\bin
%OpenOCD_HOME%\bin
%MINGW64_HOME%\bin

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Step3: 验证
gcc -v
arm-none-eabi-gcc -v

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Step4 使用CubeMX创建工程

File 配置完成后

Project => Generate Code => Application Structure 选择Basic 不要选择Advanced

Toolchain/IDE =>SW4STM32（6.5以后的版本可能改成了Cmake）取消 generate under root

注意底下的Firmware Package Name and Version会是刚刚manage imbeded software packages保留的那个

Generate Code

新版本可能会要求登录后才能下载

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Step5 用Clion打开项目，设定Clion的环境
在项目档案里右键 Open Folder as Clion Project

File =>Settings=>Build，Execution，Deployment=> Toolchains

Toolset: D:\service\stm32\mingw64
Build Tool: D:\service\mingw64\bin\mingw32-make.exe
C Compiler: D:\service\stm32\mingw64\bin\gcc.exe
C++ Compiler: D:\service\stm32\mingw64\bin\g++.exe
Debugger: D:\service\stm32\gcc-arm-none-eabi-5_4-2016q3-20160926-win32\bin\arm-none-eabi-gdb.exe

File =>Settings=>Build，Execution，Deployment=> Embedded Development
OpenOCD Location:D:\service\stm32\OpenOCD-20231002-0.12.0\bin\openocd.exe

Stm32CubeMax Location:

C:\Program Files\STMicroelectronics\STM32Cube\STM32CubeMX\STM32CubeMX.exe

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Step6 在Clion里建立不会被覆盖的文件夹Core（之前的 Application Structure选择Basic）
在项目根目录建立Core文件夹，里面建立子文件夹CMakeFile，Config，Inc，Src
将根目录Src和Inc的档案移动到Core里

在根目录建立Middlewares，将FreeRTOS文件夹放入

将下面的CMakeLists.txt放入CMakeFile里，注意修改，其中.ld档案的路径会随着CubeMax的版本不同而改变

CMakelists.txt 范例

#THIS FILE IS AUTO GENERATED FROM THE TEMPLATE! DO NOT CHANGE!
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION 1)
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.23)

# specify cross-compilers and tools
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER arm-none-eabi-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER arm-none-eabi-g++)
set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER  arm-none-eabi-gcc)
set(CMAKE_AR arm-none-eabi-ar)
set(CMAKE_OBJCOPY arm-none-eabi-objcopy)
set(CMAKE_OBJDUMP arm-none-eabi-objdump)
set(SIZE arm-none-eabi-size)
set(CMAKE_TRY_COMPILE_TARGET_TYPE STATIC_LIBRARY)

# 这里不要重新定义PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR，要另外立一个新的名字，PROJECT_ROOT_DIR
set(PROJECT_ROOT_DIR "D:/wks_freeRTOS/mininal_h743_stm32BK0510/mininal_h743_stm32")
set(PROJECT_BINARY_DIR "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/cmake-build-debug")


# project settings
project(mininal_h743_stm32 C CXX ASM)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)

#Uncomment for hardware floating point
add_compile_definitions(ARM_MATH_CM4;ARM_MATH_MATRIX_CHECK;ARM_MATH_ROUNDING)
add_compile_options(-mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16)
add_link_options(-mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16)

#Uncomment for software floating point
#add_compile_options(-mfloat-abi=soft)

add_compile_options(-mcpu=cortex-m7 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork)
add_compile_options(-ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-common -fmessage-length=0)

# uncomment to mitigate c++17 absolute addresses warnings
#set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-register")

# Enable assembler files preprocessing
add_compile_options($<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:ASM>:-x$<SEMICOLON>assembler-with-cpp>)

if ("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "Release")
    message(STATUS "Maximum optimization for speed")
    add_compile_options(-Ofast)
elseif ("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "RelWithDebInfo")
    message(STATUS "Maximum optimization for speed, debug info included")
    add_compile_options(-Ofast -g)
elseif ("${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}" STREQUAL "MinSizeRel")
    message(STATUS "Maximum optimization for size")
    add_compile_options(-Os)
else ()
    message(STATUS "Minimal optimization, debug info included")
    add_compile_options(-Og -g)
endif ()

include_directories(

        # Driver
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Drivers/STM32H7xx_HAL_Driver/Inc
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Drivers/STM32H7xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32H7xx/Include
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Drivers/CMSIS/Include

        # Middlewares
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/FreeRTOS/Source/include
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/FreeRTOS/Source/portable/GCC/ARM_CM4F
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/canfestival/include
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/canfestival/src
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/canfestival/include/cm4
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/canfestival/include/win32
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/canfestival/include/AVR
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/canfestival/include/none



        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/can-slave



        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/delay

        # Config
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Config/
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Config/bsp
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Config/bsp/tim
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Config/bsp/usart
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Config/bsp/can
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Config/system

        # My Inc
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Inc
        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Inc/bsp

        ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Inc/bsp/tim/common

)

add_definitions(-DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32H743xx)

file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCES
        # driver
        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/startup/*.*"
        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Drivers/*.*"

        # Middlewares
        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/canfestival/*.*"
#        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/canfestival_original/*.*"
        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/can-slave/*.*"
        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Middlewares/delay/*.*"

        # My Config
        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Config/*.*"

        # My Src
        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Inc/*.*"
        "${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/Core/Src/*.*"

        )



#这里修改过
set(LINKER_SCRIPT ${PROJECT_ROOT_DIR}/STM32H743IITx_FLASH.ld)

add_link_options(-Wl,-gc-sections,--print-memory-usage,-Map=${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.map)
add_link_options(-mcpu=cortex-m7 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork)
add_link_options(-T ${LINKER_SCRIPT})

add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
        ${SOURCES}
        ${LINKER_SCRIPT})

#这里重定义过PROJECT_BINARY_DIR
set(HEX_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.hex)
set(BIN_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.bin)

add_custom_command(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME}.elf POST_BUILD
        COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Oihex $<TARGET_FILE:${PROJECT_NAME}.elf> ${HEX_FILE}
        COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Obinary $<TARGET_FILE:${PROJECT_NAME}.elf> ${BIN_FILE}
        COMMENT "Building ${HEX_FILE}
Building ${BIN_FILE}")

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Step 7 Run

右上角 Edit Configuration
新建 OpenOCD Download & Run
Target: 项目名称
Executable binary: 项目名称
Debugger: arm-none-eabi-gdb.exe
Board config file: 点击Assist 选择最接近的，以h743为例，选择st_nucleo_h743zi.cfg
选择Copy to Project & Use 将文件拷贝到项目根目录，点击OK

连接板子，打开电源，Run