springboot+vue前后端分离项目中使用jwt实现登录认证

news2024/11/15 8:37:16

文章目录

一、后端代码
- 1.响应工具类
- 2.jwt工具类
- 3.登录用户实体类
- 4.登录接口
- 5.测试接口
- 6.过滤器
- 7.启动类
二、前端代码
- 1.登录页
- index 页面
三、效果展示

一、后端代码

1.响应工具类

package com.etime.util;

import com.etime.vo.ResponseModel;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * @Date 2024/6/10 10:00
 * @Author liukang
 **/
public class ResponseUtil {
    public static void write(ResponseModel rm, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        // 构造响应头
        response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE);
        response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        // 解决跨域问题 设置跨域头
        response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin","*");
        // 输出流
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        // 输出
        out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(rm));
        // 关闭流
        out.close();
    }
}

2.jwt工具类

package com.etime.util;

import io.jsonwebtoken.*;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * @Date 2024/6/10 10:04
 * @Author liukang
 **/
public class JwtUtil {
    private static String secret = "secret";

    /**
     * 创建jwt
     * @author liukang
     * @date 10:36 2024/6/10
     * @param expire
     * @param map
     * @return java.lang.String
     **/
    public static String generateToken(long expire, Map map){
        // 床jwt构造器
        JwtBuilder jwtBuilder = Jwts.builder();
        // 生成jwt字符串
        String jwt = jwtBuilder
                //头部
                .setHeaderParam("typ","JWT")
                .setHeaderParam("alg","HS256")
                // 载荷
                .setClaims(map) // 设置多个自定义数据  位置只能放在前面，如果放在后面，那前面的载荷会失效
                .setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString())// 唯一标识
                .setIssuer("liukang")// 签发人
                .setIssuedAt(new Date())// 签发时间
                .setSubject("jwtDemo")// 主题
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()+expire))//过期时间
                // 签名
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,secret)
                .compact();
        return jwt;
    }
    /**
     * 创建jwt
     * @author liukang
     * @date 10:36 2024/6/10
     * @param expire
     * @return java.lang.String
     **/
    public static String generateToken(long expire){
        // 床jwt构造器
        JwtBuilder jwtBuilder = Jwts.builder();
        // 生成jwt字符串
        String jwt = jwtBuilder
                //头部
                .setHeaderParam("typ","JWT")
                .setHeaderParam("alg","HS256")
                // 载荷
                .setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString())// 唯一标识
                .setIssuer("liukang")// 签发人
                .setIssuedAt(new Date())// 签发时间
                .setSubject("jwtDemo")// 主题
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()+expire))//过期时间
                // 签名
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS256,secret)
                .compact();
        return jwt;
    }
    /**
     * 解析jwt
     * @author liukang
     * @date 10:36 2024/6/10
     * @param jwt
     * @return io.jsonwebtoken.Claims
     **/
    public static Claims parseToken(String jwt){
        Jws<Claims> claimsJws = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(jwt);
        Claims playload = claimsJws.getBody();
        return playload;

    }
}

3.登录用户实体类

package com.etime.entity;

import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @Date 2024/6/10 10:39
 * @Author liukang
 **/
@Data
public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;
}

4.登录接口

package com.etime.controller;

import com.etime.entity.User;
import com.etime.util.JwtUtil;
import com.etime.vo.ResponseModel;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

/**
 * @Date 2024/6/10 10:38
 * @Author liukang
 **/
@RestController
@CrossOrigin
public class LoginController {
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public ResponseModel login(@RequestBody User user){
        Integer code = 200;
        String msg = "success";
        String token = null;
        if(user.getUsername().equals("admin")&&user.getPassword().equals("123")){
            // 生成jwt
            token = JwtUtil.generateToken(1000*10);// 设置有效期为10s
        }else {
            code = 500;
            msg = "failure";
        }
        return new ResponseModel(code,msg,token);
    }


}

5.测试接口

package com.etime.controller;

import com.etime.vo.ResponseModel;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @Date 2024/6/10 12:51
 * @Author liukang
 **/
@CrossOrigin
@RestController
public class TestController {
    @PostMapping("/test")
    public ResponseModel test() {
        return new ResponseModel(200,"success","测试请求接口成功!");
    }

}

6.过滤器

package com.etime.filter;

import com.etime.util.JwtUtil;
import com.etime.util.ResponseUtil;
import com.etime.vo.ResponseModel;
import com.sun.deploy.net.HttpResponse;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @Description jwt过滤器
 * @Date 2024/6/10 9:46
 * @Author liukang
 **/
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*") // 过滤所有路径
public class JwtFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        // 得到两个对象
        HttpServletRequest request =  (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        HttpServletResponse response =  (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
        //直接放行
        if(HttpMethod.OPTIONS.toString().equals(request.getMethod())){
            filterChain.doFilter(request,response);
            return;
        }
        String requestURI = request.getRequestURI(); // 不含主机和端口号
        if(requestURI.contains("/login")){
            filterChain.doFilter(request,response);
            return;
        }
        // 得到请求头的信息（accessToken）
        String token = request.getHeader("accessToken");
        if(!StringUtils.hasText(token)){
            //响应前端错误的消息提示
            ResponseModel responseModel = new ResponseModel(500,"failure","令牌缺失！");
            ResponseUtil.write(responseModel,response);
            return;
        }
        // 解析Token信息
        try {
            JwtUtil.parseToken(token);
        }catch (Exception e){
            //响应前端错误的消息提示
            ResponseModel responseModel = new ResponseModel(401,"failure","令牌过期！");
            ResponseUtil.write(responseModel,response);
            return;
        }
        filterChain.doFilter(request,response);


    }
}

7.启动类

package com.etime;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;

/**
 * @Author liukang
 * @Date 2022/7/4 11:32
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan(basePackages = "com.etime.filter")// 这个包下激活WebFilter这个注解
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
    }
}

二、前端代码

1.登录页

<template>
    <div class="hello">
      <form>
        用户名：<input v-model="username"/>
        <br>
        密码<input v-model="password" />
        <br>
        <button @click="login">登录</button>
      </form>

    </div>
  </template>

  <script>


  export default {
    data () {
      return {
        username:'',
        password:'',

      }
    },
    methods:{
        login(){
          this.axios.post('http://localhost:8088/login',{

            username:this.username,
            password:this.password,

          }).then(response => {
              console.log(response.data);
              if(response.data.code==200){
                sessionStorage.setItem("accessToken",response.data.token)
                this.$router.push({ path: 'index'});
              }
            }).catch(error => {
              console.error(error);
            });

        }
    },
  }
  </script>

  <style scoped>

  </style>

index 页面

<template>
    <div>
        <button @click="test">请求受保护的接口</button>
    </div>
  </template>

  <script>
  export default {
    data () {
      return {
      }
    },
    methods:{
      test(){
        const accessToken = sessionStorage.getItem('accessToken')
        let token = null
        if(accessToken){
          token = accessToken
        }
        console.log(token)
        this.axios.post('http://localhost:8088/test',{},{headers:{accessToken:token}
        }).then(response => {
          // if(response.data.code==200){
            console.log(response.data);
          // }
        }).catch(error => {
          console.error(error);
        });
      },
    
    },
  }
  </script>

  <style scoped>

  </style>

三、效果展示

1.点击登录后，后端给前端办法jwt令牌，前端将其存入sessionStorage中
在这里插入图片描述
2.点击【请求后端受保护的接口】按钮

3.继续多次点击【请求后端受保护的接口】按钮

可以看见，请求几次成功后，便显示令牌过期，这是因为，为了测试方便，我们颁发令牌时有效期设置的10秒

4.在请求接口中不传递Token
在这里插入图片描述
重新登录并点击【请求后端受保护的接口】按钮